《高考英语复习：情态动词和虚拟语气12037.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语复习：情态动词和虚拟语气12037.pdf（18页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 1/18 高考英语复习：情态动词和虚拟语气 【2021 年】1（2021 天津卷）It used to be that you _drive for miles here without seeing another person,but now there are houses and people everywhere.Aneed Bshould Ccould Dmust【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A.need 需要；B.should 应该，理应如此；C.could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D.must 一
2、定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选 C。【2020 年】1.（2020天津卷）Jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.A.must B.can C.need D.should【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A.must 必须；B.can 能，可以；C.need 需要；D.should 应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim 许可我们待在他的房
3、子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选 B。2.（2020江苏卷）If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers,I _where I am.A.wont be B.wouldnt have been C.wouldnt be D.shouldnt have been【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后 where I am 可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用 would/could/might/should+do。故选 C。【2
4、019 年】1.【2019江苏卷】What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we _a good time together.A.had B.will have C.would have had D.had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他，故选 C。2/18 2.【2019天津卷】The
5、workers were not better organized,otherwise they _ the task in half the time.A.accomplished B.had accomplished C.would accomplish D.would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句
6、：主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他，故选 D。【2018 年】1.【2018江苏】Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owners permission.A.would B.should C.could D.might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that.”中，其中由 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+
7、动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的 should 可以省略。故选 B。2.【2018江苏】There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查 wish 引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选 A。3.【2018天津】I cant
8、 find my purse.I_ it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.A.should leave B.must have left C.might leave D.could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超 3/18 市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语 yesterday 可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have done，再根据后句 but Im not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词 could，表示“可能”。故
9、选 D。4.【2018北京】In todays information age,the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.A.need B.should C.can D.must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词 can。C 选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need 需要；should 应该，竟然；must 必须，肯定。5.【2018北京】They might have found
10、 a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers 是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故 D 选项正确。6.【2018天津】If we _the flight yesterda
11、y,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语 yesterday 可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用 had+v-ed。故选 A。【2017 年】1.【2017北京卷】Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,_ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.must B
12、.should C.can D.need【答案】C【解析】A.must 必须；B.should 应该；C.can 能；D.need 需要。句意：Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用 can，答案为 C。2.【2017北京卷】If the new safety system _ to use,the accident would never have happened.A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put【答案】A 4/18 【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使
13、用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用 had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故 A 项是正确的。3.【2017江苏卷】_ not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be 动词统一用 were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把 if 省略，同时把 were/should/had 提前，即 Were
14、/Should/Had I.，故选 B。4.【2017天津卷】My room is a mess,but I _clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A.darent B.shouldnt C.neednt D.mustnt【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A.不敢；B.不应该；C 不需要；D.不许。根据句意，故选 C。5.【2017天津卷】Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise,I _able to r
15、each her yesterday.A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be【答案】B【解析】句意：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处 otherwise(否则)相当于一个 if 引导的条件状语从句，由 yesterday 可知本句对过去进行虚拟，由此可以判断出主句用wouldnt have done，故选 B。【2016 年】1.【2016北京】I love the weekend,because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.neednt B
16、.mustnt C.wouldnt D.shouldnt【答案】A【解析】题目考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。A.neednt 不需要；B.mustnt 禁止；C.wouldnt 不愿；D.shouldnt 不应该。根据句意可知，周六、周日不用早起，故选 A。2.【2016北京】Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week?If you _ me,I could have helped.5/18 A.told B.had told C.were to tell D.would tell【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟
17、语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if 条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选B。3.【2016江苏】If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.A.had not been B.should not be C.were not to be D.should not have been【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故 A 项正确。4.【2016天津】It was
18、really annoying;I _ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.neednt【答案】B【解析】句意：这真是令人心烦；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。wouldnt 不愿意；couldnt 不能；shouldnt不应该；neednt 不必。根据句意可知选 B。5.【2016天津】I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one,I _.A.were injured B.would be injured C.ha
19、d been injured D.would have been injured【答案】D【解析】句意：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气，根据 if 条件句用的 had done，可知，主句用 would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且 I 和 injure 是被动关系。故选 D。6.【2016浙江】Had the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.A.had not fallen B.w
20、ould not fall C.did not fall D.would not have fallen【答案】D 【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if 条件句用的 had done，而且省略 if，将 had 提前，主句用 would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选 D。6/18 【2015 年】1.(2015北京)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really _go now,My daughter is home alone.A
21、.may B.can C.must D.dare 【答案】C【解析】句意：你不能再多待会儿吗?很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A.may 可能，可以，也许；B.can 能，会；C.must 必须，必然要，必定会；D.dare 敢，胆敢。结合句意，故选 C。2.(2015北京)If I _it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it.A.didnt see B.werent seeing C.wouldnt see D.hadnt seen【答案】D【解析】句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句 wouldnt have beli
22、eved 可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是 if+主语+had+done 的形式。故选 D。3.(2015重庆)Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway_ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didnt write B.hadnt written C.wouldnt write D.wouldnt have written【答案】D 【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据 without his wartime experience 没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜
23、测，故主句用 would have done，因此选 D 项。4.(2015重庆)You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.must B.can C.will D.shall【答案】A 【解析】句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must 表示对现在的肯定推测。故选 A。5.(2015浙江)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D neednt【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:太吵了,以致我
24、们不能够听到我们在说什么?A 的意思是不能，B 的意思是不应该，C 的意思是禁止，D 的意思是不需要。该题用到了一个 so+形容词+that 的句式，做题时应该正确理解句意及这句式的用法。正确理解这是表达不能还是表达其他的东西。must 只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，这一点尤其要注意因为往往会出错。如果表示一种可能往往是 can 的形式(过去时态使用 could)7/18 6.(2015天津)I _ have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.m
25、ightnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldnt【答案】C【解析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。neednt have done本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选 C。7.(2015天津)I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.A.will be B.would be C.have been D.had been 【答案】D【解析】句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但
26、那时我在纽约出差。本题考查 wish 引导的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用 had+过去分词。根据句意可知选 D。8.(2015四川)You _be careful with the camera.It costs!A.must B.may C.can D.will【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。根据下文的 it costs 可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择 A，意为：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。9.(2015陕西)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youl
27、l be grateful you did it.A.should B.need C.shall D.may【答案】D【解析】句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我有 100%的把握你以后会感激它的。should应该；need 需要；shall 将会；may（不确定）可能。所以选 D。10.(2015陕西)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced【答案】C【解析】句意：Ellen 是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“
28、但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选 C。11.(2015福建)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.8/18 Oh,its too bad.You _ have made full preparations.A.must B.can C.would D.Should【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词+have done 结构。A must 必须 B.can 可以;C.would 将会:D.should 应该。这里是情态+have done 的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问
29、句，译成“可能做过.吗?;could+have+done,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做;must+have+done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一-定做过某事 i，该结构只用于肯定句;should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。该对话意思为:-对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败-噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。故选 D 12.(2015江苏)It might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule.A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known
30、【答案】D【解析】句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中 might have saved 可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用 if I had known 与主句保持一致。if 虚拟条件句中含有 had 时，可将 if 省去，同时将 had 提前构成倒装结构。故选 D 项。虚拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间,一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外，当 if 条件句中含有助动词 had，should 或 were 时,可以省略 if，而将 had,should 或 were提到句首，从而构
31、成倒装虚拟条件句。13.(2015安徽)It is lucky we booked a room,or we _nowhere to stay now.A.had B.had had C.would have D.would have had【答案】C【解析】句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or 引导含蓄虚拟条件句，or 后面是主句，相当于 if we hadnt booked a room,we would have nowhere to stay now.，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用 would+动词原形，故选 C。【2014 年】1.(2
32、014北京)_I have a word with you?It wont take long.A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Should【答案】A【解析】根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许短时间内的一个交谈。can 表示“能不能”，故选 A。9/18 2.(2014北京)We _back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A.are B.were C.will be D.would be【答案】D【解析】根据条件状语从句中 if we didnt lose the map 可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选 D。3
33、.(2014全国大纲卷)Although you _ find bargains in London,its not generally a cheap place to shop.A.should B.need C.must D.can 【答案】D【解析】句意：尽管你能在伦敦找到便宜货，但是它一般不是购物便宜的地方。此处 can 意为“能”。根据句意选 D。4.(2014福建)_no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were there
34、B.Had there been C.If there are D.If there have been【答案】A 【解析】句意：要是没有现代化的通讯，我们将不得不等待若干个星期才能获得来自世界各地的消息。“要是没有现代化的通讯”是对现在情况的一种假设，故从句中使用一般过去时态，省略 if 后把 were 提到从句主语之前。故选择 A 项。5.(2014湖南)If Mr Dewey _ present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A.were B.had been C.should be D
35、.was【答案】B【解析】句意：如果 Dewey 先生当时在场的话，他就会尽一切可能帮助那里的人们。根据主句中的 would have offered 可知，这是对过去的虚拟，故条件句用 had done 形式。6.(2014湖南)Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we _ bring anything with us?A.cant B.mustnt C.shant D.neednt【答案】D【解析】句意：“我已经为这次野炊准备了各种各样的食物。”“你的意思是说我们不需要携带任何东西了？”此处 neednt 表示
36、“没有必要”。10/18 7.(2014江苏)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,_ bring me food.A.might B.would C.should D.could【答案】C 【解析】句意：他们这么穷竟然还带食物给我，这使我很难过。should 表示“竟然”，符合语境，故 C项正确。might 可能；would 愿意；could 能够。8.(2014江西)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest _ become the richest.A.shall B.must C.need D.mi
37、ght【答案】D【解析】句意：生活是不可预料的，甚至最穷的人可能变成最富有的人。根据 unpredictable 可知表示可能性，本题应该选择 might。9.(2014陕西)We would rather our daughter _ at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.A.would stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.stay【答案】C【解析】would rather 后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式表示动作发生在现在或将来，用“had过去分词”表示动作发生
38、在过去。根据后一句中的 is 可知此处动词用过去式，故选 C。10.(2014四川)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A.might B.must C.would D.should【答案】C【解析】此处 would 表示过去习惯性的动作，意为“过去常常”。句意：我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我的母亲常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。11.(2014天津)_ the morning train,he would not have been late for the m
39、eeting.A.Did he catch B.Should he catch C.Has he caught D.Had he caught【答案】D 【解析】句意：如果他赶上了早晨的火车，他开会就不会迟到了。根据题干中的后半句“he would not have been late for the meeting.”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此前面的从句中需用过去完成时 had done。在 if 引导的虚拟语气中，当句中有 were,should,had 时，可将 if 省去，并把 were,should,had 11/18 提到主语的前面构成部分倒装，故 D 项正确。1
40、2.(2014浙江)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they _ to our help.A.would have come B.could come C.have come D.had come【答案】A【解析】句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮我们了。从句中的关键题眼 or 可以知道，此处是虚拟语气，同时根据前面的 they were abroad 可以知道，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，根据语法规则知，句中谓语动词用“shoul
41、d/would/could/might have done”结构，所以选 A 项。13.(2014重庆)Ive ordered some pizza,so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A.cant B.dare not C.neednt D.may not【答案】C【解析】句意：我已经订了比萨，因此当我们很累地回到家时没有必要担心做饭的事情。need 表示必要性；can 多表能力或推测；dare 表示胆量；may 则表示准许或可能。14.(2014重庆)It was John who broke the window.Why
42、are you talking to me as if I _it?A.had done B.have done C.did D.am doing【答案】A 【解析】as if 后的句子若表示与事实相反，须用虚拟语气。根据前一句中谓语动词用一般过去时可知，as if 后的句子表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，用过去完成时。故选 A。15.(2014安徽)People are recycling many things which they _ away in the past!A.had thrown B.will be throwing C.were throwing D.would have
43、thrown【答案】D【解析】根据 in the past 可知，说的是过去情况，对过去情况的推测或评说，应使用“情态动词完成式”结构。句意：现在人们回收利用很多东西，而过去他们会将这些扔掉。故选 D。【2013 年】1.(2013北京)If we _ a table earlier,we couldnt be standing here in a queue.A.have booked B.booked C.book D.had booked【答案】D。【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。本句是一个包含了一个条件状语从句的复合句，从主句的谓语动词 would 12/18 be standing 可以推
44、出，用的是虚拟语气，这样，if 就是一个虚拟条件句，“订餐”是发生在过去，故是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，句中谓语动词应该用 had done 的形式，因此锁定答案。2.(2013福建)Do you think George has passed the driving test?No.If so,he _his car to our college yesterday.A.would drive B.drove C.would have driven D.had driven 【答案】C。【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。根据句中的 yesterday 可以判断出是与过去的事实相反，所以主句用 wo
45、uld have done 结构。3.(2013江苏)I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious.A.thought B.would think C.had thought D.have thought【答案】C。【解析】本题考查非真实条件句的虚拟语气。根据主句中 should not have laughed 可知，本句所讲与过去事实相反。If 引导非真实条件句表示与过去事实相反时，从句结构为 had done.。所以选 A。4.(2013陕西)My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change
46、 this weekend.A.should B.might C.could D.would【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。本句是一个复合句，主句谓语动词 suggests,后跟宾语从句，谓语动词要用（should）do sth，故答案是 A。5.(2013天津)If he had spent more time practicing English before,he _ able to speak it much better now A.will be B.would be C has been D.would have been 【答案】B。【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。
47、本句是一个错综时间虚拟句。从句是对过去事实的虚拟，谓语用 had done，而主句则是对现在（now）事实的一种假设，所以用 would do，所以 B 项符合句意。6.(2013浙江)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.A.was B.be C.were D.is【答案】B。【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句中谓语动词 recommend 判断出后面的宾语从句应该用(should)do sth。7.(2013重庆)It rained cats and dogs this
48、morning.Im glad we took an umbrella.13/18 Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we _.A.hadnt B.havent C.didnt D.dont【答案】A。【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。事实是带了伞，那么假设没带伞，就是与过去事实相反的假设，所以从句部分要用 had/hadnt done sth 的形式。8.(2013陕西)The children _ lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as schedu
49、led.A.must have got B.must get C.should have got D.should get【答案】A。【解析】本题考查情态动词表示对过去情况的推测。从句子的后半部分看，谓语动词用了 would have been，说明是与过去事实相反的，故前半句应该是对过去事实的推测，应该用情态动词+完成式，排除选项 B，D；选项 C 虽然是对过去情况的猜测，但意思是“本应迷路，但没迷路”，与句意不符，排除。9.(2013新课标卷 II)Since nobody gave him any help,he _ have done the research on his own.A
50、.can B.must C.would D.need【答案】B。【解析】本题考查情态动词表示对过去情况的推测。由“没有人帮过”可以推断出“一定是他自己做的”，而 must have done 的意思就是“一定做过某事”，表示对过去发生的事情的推测。10.(2013江西)When I was a child,I _ watch TV whenever I wanted to.A.should B.could C.must D.need【答案】B。【解析】考查情态动词。本题的解题关键在于从句 when I was a child；确定了整个句子的时态为过去时；need 的过去式是 needed，因