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1、托福阅读时间不够因为你没做到详略得当 对于托福阅读考试，信任大家都很许多心得可说。但是事实上，有许多考生在托福阅读的答题当中总是感觉时间不够用，那么这是什么缘由呢?下面我从4个方面来分析一下为什么你的托福阅读考试时间总是不够，希望对大家有帮助。 托福阅读时间不够 因为你没做到详略得当 现行的新托福考试依旧重视对阅读实力的考查，并且，托福考试不仅有单独的新托福阅读理解测试，而且在口语以及写作方面的测试中也明显的对阅读实力提出了要求。根据ETS的官方说明，新托福阅读中的文章都是科普文章，结构特征和内容特征是比较明显的，所以在笔记中须要记录的内容也是可以相对明确的。 1.单词：想要做好托福阅读，背托
2、福单词是最基础的。这个就是须要学员自己完成任务。但是尤为重要的一点是，托福考试中，对单词的考查不仅仅是背过单词含义就可以，更重要的是要学会应用，学会在文章中理解运用单词。 句子：同中文的一句一句短小的句子不同，英文中的句子多是长句，有时候一个句子就是一段。而且英文的句子多是主从复合句，以中式的思维逻辑来学习会很不习惯，不能适应句子的2.语序。这就须要托福考生在平常的训练中多读多看，扩大泛读。 3.段落：托福阅读的文章大多都是学术性比较强的文章，在学习中，会应用到TS+D和TS+D的变形方式的做题方法。详细TS+D是什么，应当怎么用，在这里，姜老师给我们留了一个悬念，“关于TS+D会在托福强化班
3、的课程中讲到，想要知道怎么用来上强化班就知道啦。” 4.篇章：像托福的题型之一-小结题，就会用到对全篇的把握和理解。驾驭对于全文的思维路途做这类题就会比较简单了。对于全文的拐角，转弯处把握好了，全文的意思也就差不多了。做题的时候还有留意对细微环节的把握。 有的学生会觉得托福阅读的题量很大，时间不够用，做不完题。“其实这是因为学生在做题的时候没有做到详略得当。把握好精读和泛读的区分，找准须要精读的地方，做起题来会又快又准。” 在新托福阅读中进行快速笔记是有效地把握文章结构，记录重要信息的手段，此外，驾驭快速笔记的方法，养成“边读边记”的习惯，会让探讨效率大大提高。从这个角度来看，同学们更应当以托
4、福考试为契机，培育自己这种良好的阅读习惯，从而在学习和探讨中达到事半功倍的效果。 如何划分托福阅读中的层次 分析托福阅读层次对于理解托福阅读特别重要，下面就为大家分析托福阅读关系，文章中有许多能够表现出主题的句子，首先要将他们进行了解，然后在进行分析，这样就可以取得志向的托福阅读理解效果。 对于多数人来说，可能“读文章各段首句，然后看题目，再找文章内相应部分做题”的托福阅读做题依次会比较合适，读各段首句可以粗略驾驭文章大意和结构，做题再看内容再做能大大降低“工作量”，但是这种做法不利于对全文的消化汲取，从而不利于做总结题，也可能会遗漏文章内的一些细微环节而导致做错细微环节题。而新托福目前反馈大
5、都是依次出题的，所以建议练习时就尽量往“读一段做相应题目，再读一段再做相应题目”这一依次去靠拢，可以对文章有全面的把握，虽然总量上还是要读完全文，但是对大脑的短期记忆的负担要比通读全文再做题目小许多。 在新托福阅读中，甚至可以扩展到ETS全部考试的阅读题目中，假如要用一个词来概括的话，那就是paraphrase，意译。无论是题干还是正确选项，大都能在原文中找出一句话来与之相对应。即题目是原文的意译。这种意译是通过同义词来完成的。即题干中多用近义词来对原文中的句子进行替换，来达到提出问题或者提出正确答案的意思。精确把握意译，是多数题目中精确在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑选项中选出正确的那个，都有着
6、重要的作用。 托福阅读层次分析中，关于先看题目还是先看文章的问题。也就是做题时间支配的问题。由于对问题的回答建立在了熟识全文的基础上，每个问题又有足够的时间返回全文，每个选项都一一进行斟酌。 分析托福阅读层次，首先要知道托福阅读文段一般都依照老美的思路来成文，首段、尾段、首句、尾句以及过渡段(句)很重要，只要是依据美国人的阅读思路来支配托福阅读做题依次，那托福阅读就不会像你想象的那样难以拿分。 托福阅读真题训练1 Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and
7、 have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists. These can be divided into preformed or passive defense mechanisms and inducible or active systems. Passive plant defense comprises physical and chemical barriers that prevent entry of pathogens, such as bacter
8、ia, or render tissues unpalatable or toxic to the invader. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae. Other trichome
9、s are sticky and glandular and effectively trap and immobilize insects. If the physical barriers of the plant are breached, then preformed chemicals may inhibit or kill the intruder, and plant tissues contain a diverse array of toxic or potentially toxic substances, such as resins, tannins, glycosid
10、es, and alkaloids, many of which are highly effective deterrents to insects that feed on plants. The success of the Colorado beetle in infesting potatoes, for example, seems to be correlated with its high tolerance to alkaloids that normally repel potential pests. Other possible chemical defenses, w
11、hile not directly toxic to the parasite, may inhibit some essential step in the establishment of a parasitic relationship. For example, glycoproteins in plant cell walls may inactivate enzymes that degrade cell walls. These enzymes are often produced by bacteria and fungi. Active plant defense mecha
12、nisms are comparable to the immune system of vertebrate animals, although the cellular and molecular bases are fundamentally different. Both, however, are triggered in reaction to intrusion, implying that the host has some means of recognizing the presence of a foreign organism. The most dramatic ex
13、ample of an inducible plant defense reaction is the hypersensitive response. In the hypersensitive response, cells undergo rapid necrosis that is, they become diseased and die after being penetrated by a parasite; the parasite itself subsequently ceases to grow and is therefore restricted to one or
14、a few cells around the entry site. Several theories have been put forward to explain the basis of hypersensitive resistance. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The success of parasites in resisting plant defense mechanisms (B) Theories on active plant defense mechanisms (C) How plant defen
15、se mechanisms function (D) How the immune system of animals and the defense mechanisms of plants differ 2. The phrase subject to in line 1 is closest in meaning to (A) susceptible to (B) classified by (C) attractive to (D) strengthened by 3. The word puncture in line 8 is closest in meaning to (A) p
16、ierce (B) pinch (C) surround (D) cover . 4. The word which in line 12 refers to (A) tissues (B) substances (C) barriers (D) insects 5. Which of the following substances does the author mention as NOT necessarily being toxic to the Colorado beetle? (A) resins (B) tannins (C) glycosides (D) alkaloids
17、6. Why does the author mention glycoproteins in line 17? (A) to compare plant defense mechanisms to the immune system of animals (B) to introduce the discussion of active defense mechanisms in plants (C) to illustrate how chemicals function in plant defense (D) to emphasize the importance of physica
18、l barriers in plant defense 7. The word dramatic in line 23 could best be replaced by (A) striking (B) accurate (C) consistent (D) appealing 8. Where in the passage does the author describe an active plant-defense reaction? (A) Lines 1-3 (B) Lines 4-6 (C) Lines 13-15 (D) Lines 24-27 9. The passage m
19、ost probably continues with a discussion of theories on (A) the basis of passive plant defense (B) how chemicals inhibit a parasitic relationship. (C) how plants produce toxic chemicals (D) the principles of the hypersensitive response. 托福阅读真题训练2 Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept
20、cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common murres, Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets. Of all the birds on these cliffs, the black-legged kittiwake gull is the best suited for nesting on narrow ledges. Although
21、 its nesting habits are similar to those of gulls that nest on flat ground, there are a number of important differences related to the cliff-nesting habit. The advantage of nesting on cliffs is the immunity it gives from foxes, which cannot scale the sheer rocks, and from ravens and other species of
22、 gulls, which have difficulty in landing on narrow ledges to steal eggs. This immunity has been followed by a relaxation of the defenses, and kittiwakes do not react to predators nearly as fiercely as do ground-nesting gulls. A colony of Bonaparte's gulls responds to the appearance of a predator
23、y herring gull by flying up as a group with a clamor of alarm calls, followed by concerted mobbing, but kittiwakes simply ignore herring gulls, since they pose little threat to nests on cliffs. Neither do kittiwakes attempt to conceal their nest. Most gulls keep the nest area clear of droppings, and
24、 remove empty eggshells after the chicks have hatched, so that the location of the nest is not given away. Kittiwakes defecate over the edge of the nest, which keeps it clean, but this practice, as well as their tendency to leave the nest littered with eggshells, makes its location very conspicuous.
25、 On the other hand, nesting on a narrow ledge has its own peculiar problems, and kittiwake behavior has become adapted to overcome them. The female kittiwake sits when mating, whereas other gulls stand, so the pair will not overbalance and fall off the ledge. The nest is a deep cup, made of mud or s
26、eaweed, to hold the eggs safely, compared with the shallow scrape of other gulls, and the chicks are remarkably immobile until fully grown. They do not run from their nests when approached, and if they should come near to the cliff edge, they instinctively turn back. 1. What aspect of the kittiwake
27、gull does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Its defensive behavior (B) It interactions with other gull species (C) Its nesting habits (D) Its physical difference from other gull species 2. The word rear in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) visit (B) watch (C) reverse (D) raise 3. The word scale in l
28、ine 8 is closest in meaning to (A) climb (B) avoid (C) approach (D) measure 4. The word immunity in line 9 is closest in meaning to (A) distance (B) transition (C) protection (D) reminder 5. Why is it difficult for ravens to steal the kittiwakes' eggs? (A) The kittiwakes can see the ravens appro
29、aching the nest. (B) The ravens cannot land on the narrow ledges where kittiwakes nest. (C) The kittiwakes' eggs are too big for the ravens to carry. (D) The female kittiwakes rarely leave the nest. 6. The author mentions that eggshells litter around the nests of kittiwakes in order to (A) demon
30、strate that kittiwakes are not concerned about predators (B) prove how busy kittiwakes are in caring for their offspring (C) show a similarity to other types of gulls (D) illustrate kittiwakes' lack of concern for their chicks 7. According to the passage , it can be inferred that which of the fo
31、llowing birds conceal their nest? (A) Bonaparte's gulls (B) Atlantic puffins (C) Kittiwake gulls (D) Northern gannets 8. The word it in line 17 refers to (A) location (B) edge (C) nest (D) practice 9. The word conspicuous in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) disordered (B) suspicious (C) noti
32、ceable (D) appealing 10. The phrase On the other hand in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) therefore (B) however (C) for example (D) by no means 托福阅读时间不够 因为你没做到详略得当本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第16页 共16页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页