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1、托福考生可能面临哪些写作困境 托福考生可能面临哪些写作逆境,我们一起来看看吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。 托福考生可能面临哪些写作逆境 对于托福考试来说，许多同学对于托福写作面临的逆境是比较多的，那么接下来就和出国留学网来看看托福考生可能面临哪些写作逆境? 备考托福的考生通常都会面临托福写作的3个逆境; 逆境1：面对一个题目，根本无话可说，即便用中文，也写不出内容。 逆境2：有话可说，有内容可写，但英文表达支离破裂，完全不能用英文阐释清晰自己的观点。 逆境3：有话说，也能用英文表达出要表达的意思，但写出来的语言“满篇尽带Chinglish(中式英语)”。 那么该如何走出逆境，真正并有针
2、对性地提高语言表达实力呢?答案很简洁，只有两个字素材! 面对一个话题，考生之所以无法写出连贯的文字，是因为缺少写作素材。那么素材是什么呢?其实也就是我们所说的“言之有物”中的“物”。无论是四、六级写作，还是考研写作，或是雅思、托福、GRE、GMAT、SAT写作，考生之所以无法取得高分，根本缘由在于其日常积累的英文论证素材以及论据素材过于贫乏，根本无法将零星散落于大脑各个角落不成体系的素材组合起来，形成一篇逻辑严密、语言美丽地道的文章。因此，英文素材的积累和素材库的建立可以真正帮助中国英语学习者和广阔英语考生提高写作实力，走出英文表达逆境。 正如前面所提到的，英语写作素材包含两类：一类是论证素材
3、，即对于论点进行理论分析的素材。例如：论证竞争机制的重要性、论证环境爱护的必要性、论证艺术的价值等。一类是论据素材，即可支持论点的相关事例。例如：“钻石教父”雷维夫与DeBeers公司的竞争促进了整个钻石行业的发展这一事例，可用来支持“竞争机制的重要性”的论证;引用美国政府参加环境爱护的例子可佐证“环境爱护的必要性”;贝多芬、巴赫、凡高的例子可说明宏大的艺术家们的艺术作品是如何推动人类文明发展的，并用以例证“艺术的价值”。 论证素材+论据素材，就已经为写出有理有据的文章打下了良好的基础，这也是写作的前提。因为，任何语言学习，或者说任何学习过程，都遵循“输入输出”模式。假如没有输入，则恒久不行能
4、有输出;若没有好的输入，则恒久不行能有好的输出。因此，语言学习有一条永恒不变的真理：不听恒久不会说，不读恒久不会写。这里的“听”和“读”就是输入环节，“说”和“写”就是输出环节;只有输入了好的英文素材，才能在须要的地方进行输出。 (本文摘自雅思写作论证论据素材大全一书的序言)其实，只要多驾驭适用于写作测试的英文写作素材(论证素材+论据素材)，就已经为写出有理有据的文章打下了良好的基础，这也是写作的前提。因为，任何语言学习，或者说任何学习过程，都遵循“输入输出”模式。假如没有输入，则恒久不行能有输出;若没有好的输入，则恒久不行能有好的输出。因此，语言学习有一条永恒不变的真理：不听恒久不会说，不读
5、恒久不会写。这里的“听”和“读”就是输入环节，“说”和“写”就是输出环节;只有输入了好的英文素材，才能在须要的地方进行输出。 托福写作的开头技巧整理 一、开头： When it comes to ., some think . There is a public debate today that . A is a commen way of ., but is it a wise one? Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus. 提出观点： Now there is a growing awareness that. It is
6、time we explore the truth of . Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. 进一步提出观点： . but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is . A is but one of the many effects. Another is . Besides, other reasons are. 提出假想例子的方式： Suppose that. Just imagine what would be lik
7、e if. It is reasonable to expect. It is not surprising that. 举一般例子： For example(instance),. . such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is. A particular example for this is. 引用： One of the greatest early writers said . "Knowledge is power", such is the remard of . ".&quo
8、t;. That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise.). ".". How often we hear such words like there. 讲故事 (先说故事主体)，this story is not rare. ., such delimma we often meet in daily life. ., the story still has a realistic significance. 提出缘由： There are many reasons for . Why . , for one thing,. The
9、answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves . The first reason can be obiviously seen. Most people would agree that. Some people may neglect that in fact . Others suggest that. Part of the explanation is . 进行对比： The advantages for A for o
10、utweigh the disadvantages of. Although A enjoys a distinct advantage . Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe . , but it suffers from the disadvantage that. 承上启下： To understand the truth of ., it is also important to see. A study of . will make this point clear 让步： Cert
11、ainly, B has its own advantages, such as. I do not deny that A has its own merits. 二、结尾： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that . In summary, it is wiser . In short. 托福写作满分作文学习 AD Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? Television, newspapers, magazi
12、nes, andother media pay too much attention to the personal livesof famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion. I think the media pay too much attention to the private lives offamous people. Television, newspaper magazines and web si
13、tesdig up all kinds of past bad actions. They say that these are true reflections of a person's character. This may be true if they occurred only a few years before, but some of these are things people didas teenagers. People in their forties are expected to explain something they did when they
14、werefifteen. If they killed someone, obviously that's more than a youthful mistake. Usually, though, these incidents involve experiments with drugs or being reckless in a car. They're not somethingthat the public needs to know. The media love to say that the public has a right to know. That&
15、#39;s not true. We don't need to knowif a movie star or politician has had an extramarital affair. That is something of concern only to thepeople involved. We do need to know if someone we're electing to public office has been involvedin shady business deals, but we don't need to know if
16、 he or she defaulted on a loan twenty yearsago. It seems the media dig up these facts without giving thoughtful consideration to what mighthappen. It has an effect on the celebrity's family, especially the children. A celebrity's good nameand credibility may be ruined before he or she can pr
17、ove that rumors are false. If a case goes tocourt, paying a lawyer can use up all their money. Even if it doesn't come to that, they may findtheir career ruined. When are we, the public, going to make it clear to the media that we're tired of having to watchthis kind of thing on the news? Wo
18、uldn't it be better if they would concentrate on more importantissues? 30 PR Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed(damaged) by humanactivity. Others that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is youropinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your ans
19、wer. The quality of human life has improved greatly over the past few centuries, but Earth is beingharmed more and more by human activity. As we develop our technology, we demand more fromour planet. Eventually, this will harm people as well. Our planet gives us everything we need, but natural resou
20、rces are not endless. Strip miningdevastates whole regions, leaving bare and useless ground. Deforestation removes old growthtrees that can't be replaced. Too much fishing may harm fish populations to the point where theycan't recover. We are too careless in taking what we want without givin
21、g anything back. There are more people than ever, living longer that ever. So is it any surprise that many areassuffer from too much development? Anyone living in or near a city has experienced "urbansprawl". There is a new shopping area on every corner and new houses, townhouses andapartm
22、ents everywhere. Traffic gets worse and worse because planners can't keep up withgrowth. Keeping up with human demand is hard enough. Environmental concerns come in last. With growth comes pollution. Companies and communities dump waste into water. Landfills are fullof trash. Emissions from fact
23、ories pollute the air. Barrels of industrial waste and worse, radioactivewaste, have no safe place to go. If we're not careful, we can harm our planet beyond repair. People need to respect the Earth and try to preserve it. If we don't, what kind of future will wehave? 托福写作范文赏析 AD Do you agre
24、e or disagree with the following statement? Business should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position. After I get my degree, I plan to start a business. My goal is to make money, a lot of money. However, I cant forget that there are more impor
25、tant things in life than earning a profit. I must consider the people I work with, the customers I serve, and the community I live in. My colleagues are a very important part of my business. Without them, I would not have a business. I depend on them to help me carry on the day-to-day operations. I
26、depend on them for their advice on what to sell and how to sell it. I must compensate them for their work. I cant take large profits without sharing with the people who made it responsible. Similarly, I would not have a business without my customers. I can never forget that they could take their bus
27、iness elsewhere. I must give them good value for their money. I cant overcharge them. I must also remember that money is as important to them as it is to me. I want my customers to trust me and keep coming back. My employees and I all live in the same community as our customers. We are apart of the
28、social life of our community. We cant ignore it. We must play an active part in it. I feel it is important that some of the profits my business earns from the community be returned to the community. We need to support community programs like summer jobs for high school students, campaigns to clean u
29、p the parks, and efforts to make the shopping area more attractive. A business must make profits, but we allworkers, customers, communitymust profit from a successful business. 托福考生可能面临哪些写作逆境本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第13页 共13页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页第 13 页 共 13 页