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1、 1 通用版高考英语一轮复习第 1 部分基础知识解读Unit5Firstaid 教师用书新人教版必修 5 .写作单词会拼写 1aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助 2temporary adj.暂时的；临时的 3vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 4squeeze vt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨 5pour vt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌 6complex adj.复杂的 7brave adj.勇敢的 bravery n.勇敢；勇气 bravely adv.勇敢地 8injure vt.受伤 injury n.损伤；伤害 9poison n.毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒 poisonous
2、adj.有毒的 10swell vt.&vi.(使)膨胀；隆起 swollen adj.肿胀的 11press v.压；按；通道 pressure n.压力；挤压；压迫(感)12tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的 tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地 13apply vt.&vi.应用；申请 applicant n.申请人 application n.申请 14vary v.变化 various adj.各种各样的 2 variety n.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)15firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的 firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 16treat vt.&vi.治疗；
3、对待；款待 n.款待；招待 treatment n.治疗；疗法；对待.阅读单词要识记 17mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的 18bleed vt.&vi.流血 19symptom n.症状；征兆 20cupboard n.橱柜；衣柜 21organ n.器官 22choke vi.&vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 23barrier n.屏障；障碍(物)24damp adj.潮湿的 高频短语会默写 1first aid(对伤患者的)急救 2electric shock 触电；电休克 3over and over again 反复；多次 4a number of 若干；许多 5carry
4、out 进行；开展 6fall ill 生病 7squeeze out 榨出；挤出 8in place 在适当的位置；适当 9put ones hands on 找到 10make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 11take off 脱下；起飞 教材原句会背诵 句式仿写能应用 1.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(unless 引导条件状语从句)1.要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。Unless one is fully prepar
5、ed,outdoor 3 sports can sometimes mean injuries.2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(be doing.when.正在做这时)2.我刚走出浴室，正忙着用毛巾擦干身体，这时我听到了脚步声。I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel when I heard the steps.3.It was Johns quick action and knowledge
6、 of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.(It was.that.为强调句型)3.正是拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的气氛。It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.4.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.(Theres no doubt that.毫无
7、疑问)4.毫无疑问，了解一些急救知识很有必要，因为危险无处不在，事故时时发生。There is no doubt that it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.精讲 4 个考纲单词 aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助 经典例句 She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not c
8、ome to her aid.如果那些好心人不来帮助她，她相信这个故事会有不同的结局。(1)give sb.first aid 对某人进行急救 with the aid of 在的帮助下(2)aid sb.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth.以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 With the aid of the teacher,all of us in our class have made great progress.在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。The moment he saw t
9、he poor girl on TV,he determined to aid her in continuing her study.4 在电视上一看到这名可怜的女孩，他就决定要帮助她继续学业。【导学号：30892131】vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 经典例句 Its vital that we should not lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world.我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。be vital to/for 对至关重要 It is vita
10、l to do sth.做某事很重要 It is vital that.(should)do sth.是十分重要的 Whats worse,some drivers,cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey(obey)traffic rules.(2015 年江苏高考书面表达)更糟糕的是，一些司机、骑车人、步行者认为遵守交通规则并不重要。Its vital that the theory(should)be applied(apply)to practice,or it could just be something usel
11、ess.理论应用于实践，这一点儿是至关重要的，否则它可能只是无用的东西。treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待 高考佳句 Young people should always treat the elders with respect.年轻人应该尊敬老年人。(1)treat.as.把某人当看待 treat sth.seriously 认真对待某事/物 treat sb./oneself to 用款待某人/自己(2)Its my treat.我请客。Ill treat you to lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.我
12、将请你在我们学校前面的饭馆吃午饭。Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.(2014 年天津高考书面表达)我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 教材原句 He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。(1)apply.to.把涂到；把运用于
13、apply to 适用于；申请 5 apply(to.)for(向)申请 apply oneself to.专心于(2)application n.申请 We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去，因为理论与实践绝不能分开。However，there is a very important difference between wanting to do something
14、and applying for something.(2016 年浙江高考信息匹配)然而，想去做某事与申请某事有着非常重要的不同。诠释 2 个核心短语 in place 在适当的位置；适当 经典例句 All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.(牛津词典)他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。(1)out of place 不在适当位置；不合适 in place of 代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一点(2)take place 发生 take ones place 就座；代替 take the place o
15、f 代替；取代 The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in place of meat which might be harmful to her heart.医生建议她多吃豆类食品来代替可能对她的心脏有害的肉类。In the first place,with my experience in teaching for more than ten years,Im qualified for the job.首先，凭借十多年的教学经验，我能胜任这项工作。make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 经典例句 I
16、t shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(1)make a difference to 对有作用/有影响 make some/no/little/difference(to.)(对)有/没作用或影响(2)tell the difference(between.and.)辨别/区分(与)6 Luckily my teacher sensed my problem,telling me that every small thing can make a big diffe
17、rence.(2014 年湖北高考满分作文)幸运的是，老师觉察到了我的问题，告诉我每件小事都能产生重大影响。What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.你所说的不会对这个淘气男孩起什么作用。The twins are so alike；its difficult to tell the difference between them.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。突破 2 个高考句型 (教材 P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it i
18、s stuck to the burn 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。(1)unless 是连词，相当于 if not，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个否定条件状语从句。You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.(2014年湖南高考单项填空)你如果不全心全意地去工作，你将永远不会获得成功。It is known to all that unless you exercise regularly，you wont keep fit.众所周知，除非你经常锻炼
19、，否则身体不会健康。(2)if necessary 状语从句的省略：状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致或者是 it，谓语含有动词 be 时，可以把从句的主语和 be 省略，即 if it is necessaryif necessary。If necessary，you can refer to the dictionary.如果有必要，你可以查字典。Video games can be a poor influence if left(leave)in the wrong hands.(2015年湖南高考单项选择)如果落在不合适的人手中，电子游戏就会有很坏的影响。【导学号：30892132】(教
20、材 P38)John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。when 在此句中意为“这时，突然”，相当于 at this/that time。be doing.when.正在这时 be about to do.when.正打算做这时 be on the point of doing.when.正要这时 had just done.when.刚做了这时(突然)The children were playing football happily on the playground when it b
21、egan to rain heavily.孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。7 The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.教授刚结束了演讲，学生们就冲出了教室。多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型 基础考点全面练.单句语法填空 1The employee wont stand (treat)like that by his new boss.Hell leave the factory.2These men made themselves famous fo
22、r their courage and (brave)3They have earned lots of money,so I (firm)believe that the business is a success.4It is vital that these application forms (send)back as early as possible.5 the aid of our teacher，we finished the experiment successfully.【答案】1.being treated 2.bravery 3.firmly 4.should be s
23、ent 5.With.单句改错 1There is no doubt whether it is her achievements that have won her the Nobel Prize.2Though warning again and again,the young man still drove after drinking,leading to his being fined.3 What the volunteers did made great difference to the children in the small village.4Mr.Li fell ill
24、,so his colleague attended the conference in the place of him.【答案】1.whetherthat 2.warningwarned 3.great前加a 4.去掉第二个the 重难考点多维练 1apply 用法点点练(1)单句语法填空 Its me who would like to apply the position，vice president of our school English club.8 The new technology,if (apply)to rice growing,will help increase
25、the grain output.What should I do?You should slow the bleeding by (apply)pressure to the wound until the police and ambulance arrive.The old man manages to enrich his own cultural life,applying himself to (learn)English.【导学号：30892133】(2)完成句子(2015陕西高考写作)我是李华，三年级二班的一名学生，我写信申请学生志愿者的职位。Im Li Hua,a stude
26、nt from Class 2,Grade 3,Im writing 【答案】for applied applying learning to apply for the position as a student volunteer 2when 句式多棱镜(1)单句语法填空 They had just covered three miles they realized they had left their IDs at home.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out she heard her father ur
27、gently telling her to keep quiet.She (practise)surfing when a shark struck her,biting off her left arm.(2)完成句子 我在一个十字路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆驶过的车撞倒了。I a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.【答案】when when was practising was waiting for the green light at a crossing when .课文短文改错 根据 P38课文内容，
28、对下面材料进行修改。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。John Janson，a seventeenyearsold teenager,was honoured at the Lifesaver 9 Awards last night.He was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognizing the bravery of ten people.All of us had saved the life of another.John was studying in his
29、room while he heard screaming.He discover that Anne Slade,mother of three,had been stabbed repeated with a knife.This was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that had saved Ms Slades life.He is proud of that he did.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make real difference.【答案】1.第一句的
30、seventeenyearsoldseventeenyearold 2.第二句的 recognizingrecognized 3.第三句的 usthem 4.第四句的 whilewhen 5.第五句的 discoverdiscovered 6.第五句的 repeatedrepeatedly 7.第六句的 ThisIt 8.第六句的 had 去掉 9.第七句的 thatwhat 10.第八句的 real 前加 a.高考话题微写作 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。1今天凌晨，所有的人还在熟睡，一座大楼突然起火。(on fire)2人们从睡梦中惊醒，惊慌失措。有人被挤伤，有人被烧伤，很
31、多人因吸入浓烟而昏倒。(panic；squeeze；get burnt；unconscious)3幸好医护人员及时赶到，给他们实施急救。(first aid)4消防员一次又一次地进入燃烧的大楼救人。(over and over again)5最后在消防员的努力下，大火被扑灭。(put out)【参考范文】10 Early this morning,all the people were sound asleep when a building was on fire.People were woken from sleep,frightened and in a panic.Some peop
32、le got injured because of being squeezed,while some got burnt in the fire.Still a large number of people fell unconscious because they breathed in thick smoke.Fortunately,the medical workers came just in time to give them first aid.The firefighters entered the burning building over and over again to rescue people.Finally,with the firefighters efforts,the fire was put out.