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1、1动名词一、语法专项1.I certainly appreciate his_(tell)us aboutthedelayin delivering thematerials becausewe had plannedtobeginwork tomorrow.2.These threecollege students arerealheroesbecausetheyriskedhis_(lose)their own lives inordertosavethedrowningboys inthewater.3.Ireally appreciate your_(lend)me themoney
2、tohelpme out.4.The marriedcoupleregularly discussedthe lifehabitsthey find_(annoy)ineachother.5.What isitthatmade Peterso happy and excited?_(choose)asa volunteer forShanghai2010 World Expo.6.Itisa commonsensethat_(expose)fora longtimeinthesun mightseriously damage you skin.7.Considering hispoorheal
3、th condition,thedoctorinsisted on _(hetake)a good rest beforegoingbacktowork.8._(expose)toradiation inthelaboratory toooftencausedMarieCuriesdeath.9.The children inSichuanlookforwardwithhope to_(get)a chancetoreceive further education intheir rebuilt hometown.10.I hear theyvepromoted Tom,but he didn
4、tmention _(promote)when we talked on thephone.11.Doctorswarn peoplethat_(control)angerthroughunnatural methodsismuch more harmfultoa persons health thantheangeritself.12.What was itthatmade Trump happy?_(elect)theUS President.13.Nowadays some parents regret not_(spend)more timewiththeir kidswhen the
5、ywere young.14.The patient who had suffered from H1N1insistedon _(isolate)fromothers immediately,holdingthebelief thatthedisease would infect others.215.Those businesspersons aregetting wellpreparedforthecoming season,fortheycant risk_(lose)thegood opportunity.16.The boys_(notdo)theassignment made h
6、isfather losehistemper.17._(finish)your homework by yourself isone of theeffective ways toimproveyourgrades.18.I cantstand_(work)withJaneinthesame office,as she isalwaystalking,which distractsmy attention.19.Keep in mind thatforgiveness does notnecessarily mean _(accept)theaction ofthepersonwho haso
7、ffendedyou.20.Itcostme a fortune,but I dontregret_(spend)a year travelingaroundtheworld.二、语法填空The evidenceforharmony may not be obviousin some families.But itseems thatfouroutoffiveyoung peoplenow geton withtheir parents,which isthe oppositeof the popularheld image of unhappy teenagers(21)_(lock)int
8、heir room after endless familyquarrels.An important new studyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshows thattheirfamilylifeismore harmoniousthan ithas ever been in the past.“Weweresurprised by just(22)_ positive todaysyoung peopleseem tobe abouttheir families,”saidone member of theresearch team.“Theyreex
9、pectedtoberebellious and selfish butactually theyhave otherthingson their minds:Theywant a carand material goods,and theyworry aboutwhetherschoolisservingthem well.Theres(23)_(much)negotiation and discussion betweenparents and children,and childrenexpect to take part in the familydecision-making pro
10、cess.They dontwant torocktheboat.”So itseems thatthis generation ofparents ismuch more likely thanparentsof 30 yearsago(24)_(treat)their children as friends.“My parents arehappy todiscuss thingswithme and willing to listen to me,”says17-year-old3DanielLazall.“I always tell them when Im going out clu
11、bbing.(25)_theyknow what Im doing,theyre finewithit.”Susan Crome,who isnow 21,agrees.“Lookingback on thelast 10 years,therewas a lotof(26)_youcouldcallnegotiation.For example,ifI(27)_(do)allmy homework,Icouldgo outon a Saturdaynight.But Ithinkmy grandparents were a lotstricterwithmy parents thanthat
12、.”Maybe thispositive view of familylifeshouldnot be unexpected.Itispossiblethatthe idea of teenagerebellion is not rootedin realfacts.Aresearcher comments,“Our surprise(28)_ teenagers say theygetalongwellwiththeir parents comes becauseofa brief periodinoursocial history(29)_ teenagers were regardeda
13、s different beings.But thatideaof rebellingand breakingaway from their parents mainlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960s when everyonerebelled.The normalsituation throughout history hasbeen a smooth changefrom helpingoutwiththefamilybusiness to(30)_(take)itover.”三、选词填空A.criticism B.discourageC.shift
14、s D.institute E.industriousnessF.establish G.credit H.standards I.accommodate J.leaves K.demonstrateAlthoughHenry Fordsname isclosely associated withtheconceptofmassproduction,he shouldreceive equal_31_ forintroducing laborpractices asearly as 1913that wouldbeconsidered advanced evenbytodays_32_.Saf
15、ety measureswere improved,and thework day was reducedtoeighthours,compared withthetenor twelve-hour day commonatthetime.Inorderto_33_ to the shorter work day,the entire factorywas convertedfrom two tothree _34_.4In addition,sick_35_ as well as improved medicalcare for thoseinjured on thejobwere inst
16、ituted.The Ford Motor Company was one ofthefirstfactories todevelopa technical schooltotrain specialized skilled laborers andan Englishlanguageschoolforimmigrants.Some efforts were even made tohirethehandicappedand providejobsforformerconvicts.The most widelyacclaimedinnovation was thefive-dollar-a-
17、dayminimumwage thatwas offered inordertorecruit and retain thebestmechanicsand to_36_ thegrowth of laborunions.Ford explained thenew wage policyinterms of efficiency and profit sharing.He alsomentioned the factthathisemployeeswould be ableto purchasetheautomobiles thattheyproducedinfact creating a m
18、arketfortheproduct.Inordertoqualify fortheminimum wage,an employee had to establish a decenthomeand _37_ good personalhabits,includingsobriety(沉静;严肃),thriftiness(节俭),_38_,anddependability(可信任,可靠性).Although some _39_ was directed at Ford forinvolving himselftoomuch inthepersonal lives ofhisemployees,
19、there can be no doubtthat,ata timewhen immigrantswere beingtakenadvantageof in frightful ways,Henry Fordwas helping many peopleto_40_ themselves inAmerica.参考答案1.telling2.losing3.lending4.annoying5.Beingchosen6.being exposed7.his taking8.Beingexposed9.getting10.having beenpromoted511.controlling12.Be
20、ingelected13.spending14.being isolated15.losing16.nothavingdone17.Finishing18.working19.accepting20.spending21.locked22.how23.more24.totreat25.As longas26.what27.had done28.that29.when30.taking3135 GHICJ 3640 BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastic has become perhapsthe most demonised material of the last12months,asthes
21、cale ofpollution intheoceansbecomes increasinglyapparent.With direpredictions thatifnothingisdone therewillbe more plastic intheseasby weightthanfishby 2050,ithas become evidentthatwe cannotrecycle ourway outoftheplastic problem.6More than8m tonnesofplastic end up inouroceanseachyear.Meanwhilevirgin
22、 plastic production continues apaceand issettotoleapby 40%overthenext10 yearsasmore products aremade from virgin plastic thanfrom recycled.But consumer pressure can forcechange.The Guardianrevealed thisyearthat supermarkets aloneput1m tonnesofplastic packagingon tothemarket.But theyareincreasinglyaw
23、are thatiftheir customerslosefaith theywilllosemoney.Almost a quarter ofconsumerssurveyedearlier this yearsaidtheywere extremelyconcernedaboutplastic packaging.More thanhalfsaidtheywere doingwhat theycouldtoreducetheir useofplastic.In Australia,publicpressure ledmany supermarkets thisyeartoannouncet
24、heywere phasingout single-use plastic bags.These includeColes,Wooliesand Harris Farm.Justproducingplastic useshuge resources ittakesaround12m barrels ofoiltomake the100bn plastic bagsusedannually intheUnitedStates alone.ThisyearBritains Icelandsupermarkethas ledtheway and othersarebeginningtofollows
25、uit.Iceland haspledgedtoeliminate plastic packagingonits own goodsinfiveyears.So what can you do toreduceyour own plastic footprint and putpressureon supermarkets and manufacturers tomove towardsreuseable plastic itemsandhugelyincrease theamount of recycled plastic in their products?Here are10toptip
26、s:1.Startat home.Doa plastic auditof your household.Shower bottles,deodorants,washingup liquids,shampoo bottles.Aim tomake reductions hereby ditching shower gelforsoapand theplastic cottonbuds forrecyclable ones;buy liquid detergent in recycledplastic bottles and finda refill station tofillthem up.S
27、hampoobars and toilet paper in recycledpackaging are alsoavailable.2.In theUS,1bn plastic toothbrushes arethrownouteachyear,creating some50m pounds of waste.Try usingbamboo toothbrushes instead which onlytake7aboutsixmonths to biodegradeback intothesoilwhen you have to replaceyourbrush.3.Carryreusea
28、ble fabric shoppingbags.4.Try buying wholesale and puttingdried productssuch as rice,pastaand lentils intoglass jars toavoidbuyingproducts wrapped inplastic.5.Recycleoldplastic childrens toys.Searchfora toylibrary inyourareatoborrow from ordonateto.And consider charity shopswhen lookingforgifts.6.Ca
29、rrya reuseable coffee cup orflask;7m plastic-linedcoffee cupsarethrownaway intheUK everyday.7.Say no to plastic cutlery.Carry a fork with you or use a compostablealternative.8.Ditch clingfilm wrap for your food.Itcannotbe recycledin most UKcollections.Foilisrecyclable,so usefoil instead orreuseable
30、plastic boxes.9.Use an electric razorinstead ofplastic disposable one.10.Write to companies whose packagingis non-recyclable,askingthem toconsiderusinglessdestructive materials.Maybe even thinkabout starting asocial media campaigntoraise awareness.Strength innumbers!This article was a mended on 3 Ja
31、nuary2019.An earlier versionsuggestedthat12 moilbarrels produced100m plastic bags.Thatfigure ismore like100bnbags.In addition,the estimate of 1bn plastic toothbrushes being thrown outeach yearrelates justto theUS,notglobally.Thishas been corrected.Itwasfurther amended on 4 January2019 toremove a ref
32、erence toa brandedproduct.Questions：1.Accordingtothisarticle,what impactplastic has had on theenvironmentinthepastmonths?A.The scale ofpollution intheoceansbecomes increasinglyapparent.B.The species offishhavebeenreduceda lot.C.Polluted theair.8D.Raising sealevel.2.What cansupermarkets do toreducepl
33、astic pollution？A.Do notsell plastic products.B.No plastic packagedgoods.C.Phasingoutdisposable plastic bags.D.Non-reusable plastic products.3.Whichofthefollowing isnottrueaccording tothepassage?A.Plastics cannotbe recycled.B.Virginplastics areincreasinglylow inourdaily lives.C.Consumers want toredu
34、cetheuseofplastics.D.Ittakesa lotofresources toproduceplastics.4.According tothisarticle,which of thefollowing methods can notreducetheuseofplastics？A.Replaceplastic toothbrush withbamboo toothbrush.B.Packaginggoodswithglass cansinstead ofplastic packaging.C.Do notuseplastic tableware.D.Massiveuseof
35、preservativefilm.5.Where canwe seethepassage?A.InNovelB.In FashionmagazineC.InEnvironmental magazineD.InAdvertisement文章导读：本文选择卫报上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为https:/ 条建议。词汇点拨：reduce vt.换算;使变弱;vi.减少;减轻体重;apparent adj.易看见的，可看见的;貌似的，表面的;recycled v.回收利用(recycle 的过去式和过去分词);再利用;forcen.力;武力;（社会）势力;魄力;vt.强迫;强行;促使，推动;
36、public adj.公共的;人人知道的，知名的;n.大众;社会;公共场所;（文学家等的）爱读者;descend vt.下来;向下倾斜;遗传下来;来自，来源于;vi.(from)起源（于）;是 的后裔;(on)袭击;(to)把身份降至;ordinary adj.普通的，平常的，正常的;平庸的，平淡的;n.普通，平常的人（或事）;regular adj.有规律的;规则，整齐的;n.常客;adv.定期地;经常地;短语精选：cling film食品薄膜switchto切换到，转到，转变成;转入by weight按重量计算way out出路;摆脱困境的办法，出口，太平门;活路;生路more than超
37、过;不只是;很;在 次以上end up in以 结束;死setto打起来;大吃起来;开始努力干;把脸转向made from 由 做成;由 制造this year今年;本年度10参考答案及解析：1.A【解 析】根 据 文 中Plastic has become perhapsthemostdemonisedmaterial of thelast 12 months,as thescaleof pollution intheoceansbecomesincreasinglyapparent 在过去的12 个月中，随着海洋污染的规模越来越明显，塑料可能已经成为最受妖魔化的材料。故选A2.C【解析】根
38、据文中InAustralia,public pressure ledmanysupermarkets thisyeartoannouncetheywere phasingoutsingle-use plasticbags在澳大利亚，公众的压力促使许多大卖场今年宣布，他们正在逐步淘汰一次性塑料袋。故选C3.A【解析】根据文中以及生活常识，Plastics canbe recycled。塑料是可以循环使用的。故选A4.D【解析】根据文中Try usingbamboo toothbrushes insteadwhich onlytakeaboutsixmonths tobiodegrade back
39、 intothesoil when you havetoreplace yourbrush.试着用竹子牙刷代替，这种牙刷只需大约六个月的时间就能被生物降解成当你不得不更换你的刷子。以及Trybuyingwholesale and putting driedproducts such as rice,pastaand lentilsintoglassjarstoavoidbuyingproductswrapped inplastic 试着批发购买，并将大米、意大利面和扁豆等干制品放入玻璃瓶，以避免购买用塑料包装的产品。.以及Say no toplasticcutlery.对塑料餐具说不。故选D5
40、.C【解析】根据文中10 easyways toreduceyourplastics usein20192019年减少塑料使用量的10 个简单方法。可知这是一篇关于环保的文章故选C译文：丢弃保鲜膜，改用肥皂：2019 年减少塑料使用的10 种简单方法在过去的12 个月中，随着海洋污染的规模越来越明显，塑料可能已经成为最受妖魔化的材料。随着可怕的预测，如果不采取任何措施，到2050 年，海洋中的塑料（按重量计）将比鱼类多，很明显，我们用无法循环利用的方式来解决塑料问题。11每年超过800 万吨的塑料最终流入我们的海洋。与此同时，维珍塑料的生产仍在快速增长，并且在未来10 年内将跃升40%，因为更
41、多的产品是由维珍塑料制成的，而不是由回收材料制成的。但是消费者的压力会迫使改变。卫报今年透露，仅超市就向市场投放了100 万吨塑料包装。但他们越来越意识到，如果他们的客户失去信心，他们将赔钱。今年早些时候接受调查的近四分之一的消费者表示，他们非常关注塑料包装。超过一半的人说他们正在尽其所能减少塑料的使用。在澳大利亚，公众压力导致许多超市今年宣布逐步淘汰一次性塑料袋。其中包括科尔、伍利和哈里斯农场。仅仅生产塑料就需要大量的资源单单在美国，每年生产1000 亿个塑料袋就需要大约1200 万桶的石油。今年，英国的冰岛超市引领了这一潮流，其他超市也开始效仿。冰岛承诺在五年内消除其商品上的塑料包装。那么
42、，你能做些什么来减少你自己的塑料足迹，给超市和制造商施加压力，促使他们转向可重复使用的塑料产品，并大幅增加他们产品中回收塑料的数量呢？以下是十大建议：1.从家里开始。对你的家庭进行一次塑料审查。淋浴瓶，除臭剂，洗涤液，洗发水。目的是通过在肥皂和塑料棉芽上喷洒可回收的胶水来减少，在回收塑料瓶中购买液体洗涤剂，并找到一个填充剂站来填充它们。洗发水酒吧和卫生纸也可回收包装。2.在美国，每年有10 亿个塑料牙刷被扔掉，造成大约5000 万磅的浪费。试着用竹制牙刷代替，当你需要更换牙刷时，只需要六个月的时间就可以生物降解回土壤中。3.携带可重复使用的织物购物袋。4.试着批发和放置干产品，如大米、意大利面
43、和把小扁豆装进玻璃罐，以避免购买用塑料包装的产品。5.回收旧塑料儿童玩具。在您的12向其借款或捐赠的区域。在寻找礼物的时候考虑慈善商店。6.携带可重复使用的咖啡杯或烧瓶；每天在英国丢弃7 米塑料内衬咖啡杯。7.拒绝塑料餐具。随身携带叉子或使用可堆肥的替代品。8.用保鲜膜包住食物。在大多数英国收藏品中，它不能被回收利用。铝箔是可回收的，所以使用铝箔代替或可重复使用的塑料盒。9.用电动剃须刀代替一次性塑料剃须刀。10.给包装不可回收的公司写信，要求他们考虑使用破坏性较小的材料。甚至可以考虑发起一场社会媒体运动来提高知名度。数字力量！本条款于2019 年1 月3 日修订。早期的版本建议1200 万桶石油生产100万个塑料袋。这个数字更像是1000 亿袋。此外，估计每年有10 亿只塑料牙刷被扔掉，这只与美国有关，而与全球无关。这已经纠正了。它于2019年1 月4 日进一步修订，删除了对品牌产品的引用。