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1、12020 年高三名校地市联考精选仿真模拟卷 04英语（考试时间：90 分钟试卷满分：120 分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A（河南省郑州市 2019-2020 学年高
2、三上学期第一次质量预测）Looking for work?Tutors Wanted:Math/Science/Humanities+Test PreparationJob Posted:2 days agoWage:$27 30 per hourJob Type:Part-timeSchedule:Afternoons,evenings,weekdays,weekendsJob description:Were looking for tutors to join us before the next school year starts.Our suitable candidate wil
3、l be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation andacademic work in Math,Science and/or Humanities.Well pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances,includingteaching group classes.Once our fall semester starts on August 21,well
4、 have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundaysfrom 1 p.m.to 8 p.m.as well as from3 p.m.to 9 p.m.Monday-Thursday.What we offer:Flexible scheduling.Tutors work from 15 to 30 hours per week depending on availability and studentdemand.Free Sunday dinners during the academic year.Fun staff gat
5、herings Health insurance reimbursement(补偿)for staff working over 30 hours per week.2 We are 5 minuteswalking distance from the Menlo Park Caltrain Station.Applicants must：Have a good command of the subjects they tutor.Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year.Application instructio
6、ns:Email us your resume(简历)Tell us why you want to join Academic Trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students if youhave any.Let us know your scheduling preferences and potential start date.Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor-Math,Science and/or Humanities.1.Which perio
7、d of time needs the most tutors during the academic year?A.Saturday and Sunday mornings.B.Friday afternoons and evenings.C.Monday and Thursday mornings.D.Sunday afternoons and evenings.2.What can a tutor enjoy who works more than 30 hours per week?A.Comfortable accommodation.B.Free job training ever
8、y month.C.Health insurance reimbursement.D.Free meals during the academic year.3.What qualification should a suitable candidate have?A.He/She must tutor all the subjects part-time.B.He/She must be good at the subjects they tutor.C.He/She must have a previous tutoring experience.D.He/She must work ev
9、ery evening through the academic year.【文章大意】本文题材属于应用文中的广告招聘。新的学期开始之前，招聘家教，对工作的性质，要求，条件，申请方式等进行了详细的描述。1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干理解，可将答案定位在 Job description 这一主题下面的第四段，Once ourfall semester starts on August 21,we will have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m.to8 p.m.as well as from 3
10、p.m.to 9 p.m.Monday-Thursday.所以最需要家教的时间是周日下午和晚上。故选择D。32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的 more than 30 hours per week,可定位于文章中 What we offer 这一段中，每周工作超过 30 个小时的家庭教师可享受到健康保险补偿，因此选择 C 答案。A 和 C 选项在文章中没有提及。D 答案在文章中 Free Sunday dinners,周日的晚饭是免费的，但是选项中 free meals 把范围扩大了，D 答案错误，正确答案 C。故选择 C。3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据题顺序原则可以定位于文章中 App
11、licants must 这一段，Have a good commandof the subjects they tutor.必须掌握好所教授的科目，因此答案选择 B。A 答案错在 all 一词上面；C 答案和 D 答案在文章中没有提及。故选择 B。B（山西省太原市 2019-2020 学年高三上学期期末）Runners never forget crossing the finishing line at their first marathon,and that will be especially true forMike Kohler.When Kohler crossed the s
12、tarting line in Fargo last Saturday,he thought he was going to run 13.1miles,his first half marathon.Six hours later,he had mistakenly”completed his first full marathon,26.2 miles.Kohler,a 26-year-old plumber(水管工)who now lives in West Fargo,had lined up for the half marathon thathe hoped to complete
13、 in 150 minutes.He didnt realize he was in a starting fence with the full marathoners.Severalmiles later,Kohler began to realize he was on the course for the full marathon.The 8-mile mark was when Ifigured out that I had made a mistake,he said.Between then and 13.1,I debated with myself about what I
14、 shoulddo.”At some point he doesnt remember when he doubled down on the distance.After I decided I was goingto keep going,the thought of quitting didnt come back.Run,walk,or crawl,I wanted to finish,he said.Until Saturday,Kohlers longest race was a 10-kilometer run,just over 6 miles.Even the most ca
15、sualmarathoners do a training run of 18 miles before the race.From his experience,he said he learned one thing:sometimes people can do more than they think they can.After his long race,he went right back to work,put in a 10-hour day and then boarded a flight to Scotland fora vacation.I was pretty so
16、re,but I found the more I kept moving,the less sore I was,so I tried my best to go aboutlife normally minus running,”Kohler said from Glasgow.I needed a break from that for a bit.Not for too long,though.Hes already considering the Bemidji Blue Ox Marathon in October.4.When did Kohler realize that he
17、 made a mistake?A.Before starting the race.B.After running 8 miles.C.When being with the full marathoners.D.While lining up for the half marathon.5.Which of the following best describes Kohler?4A.Determined.B.Cooperative.C.Open-minded.D.Well-prepared.6.What can we infer from the text?A.He went to Sc
18、otland to get a break from work.B.He had never trained for the full marathon before.C.He decided to complete the race at the 8-mile mark.D.He was debating with himself when he finished the race.7.What might be the best title for the text?A.Life Lies in MovementB.Life Means Never QuittingC.One CanAlw
19、ays Do More Than He CanD.One Mistakenly Runs Full Marathon Not a Half【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章是关于 Mike Kohler 的，他一位马拉松选手，第一次误打误撞完成了他的第一次马拉松比赛。4.B【解析】细节理解题。由第二段The 8-mile mark was when I figured out that I had made a mistake,he said.可知，当 Mike Kohler 发现自己犯了个错误的时候，是在 8 公里的记号处。即 Kohler 意识到自己犯错了是在跑了 8 公里后。故选 B。5
20、.A【解析】推理判断题。由第三自然段 After I decided I was going to keep going,the thought of quitting didntcome back.Run,walk,or crawl,I wanted to finish,he said.可知，在他决定继续之后，就再没想过放弃，不管是跑，走或是爬，他都想跑完。由此可知，Kohler 是一旦下决心后就坚持到底的人，是有决心的人。故选 A。6.B【解析】推理判断题。由第四段 Until Saturday,Kohlers longest race was a 10-kilometer run,jus
21、t over 6 miles.Even the most casual marathoners do a training run of 18 miles before the race.可知，直到周六为止，Kohler 最长只跑了 10 公里，而即便是最不正式的马拉松运动员在比赛之前都会做 18 公里的训练。由此可知，Kohler从未为跑完马拉松做过训练。故选 B。7.D 主旨大意题。文章是关于 Kohler 在马拉松比赛中只打算跑 13.1 公里，最后却跑完全程 26.2 公里的故事。由此可知，D 项 One Mistakenly Runs Full Marathon Not a Half
22、(一个人错误地跑了全程马拉松，而不是半程)适合做本文最佳标题。故选 D。C（湖北省“荆、荆、襄、宜四地七校 2019-2020 学年高三上学期期末）A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office.After committing a few unforcederrors during a weekend match,she suffered severely by self-criticism.This student,like many I teach,strongly believes she
23、 should be able to control the outcomes of her life by5virtue of her hard work.In her mind,“Nothing can stop me but myself”.So when these students fall short of whatthey imagine they should accomplish,they are filled with self-blame,reasoning,“If my accomplishments are mineto control,my failures mus
24、t be entirely my faults,too”,which makes it extremely difficult for them to move on.We often owe young adults struggling with failure to their parents overprotection of them from discomfort.But there is another factor at play:a message transmitted by indulging(纵容的)parents who have falsely promisedth
25、em that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.However,the cruel reality of life is that youcan do everything in your power and still fail.Then what should be done to help?Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose,orgoa
26、ls they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world,which may help them gain greater lifesatisfaction and become more psychologically mature.Besides,instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves upwhen things dont go their way,we might all question a culture where one is consider
27、ed lazy without full devotion.The point is to remind them that life has a way of sucker-punching(出其不意)us when we least expect it.Its oftenthe people who learn to say“stuff happens”who get up the fastest.8.What does the underlined phrase“by virtue of”in paragraph 2 mean?A.in addition toB.in spite ofC
28、.by means ofD.for fear of9.The author believes that young adults find it hard to struggle with failure because _.A.they are not taught how to deal with difficultiesB.they are short of the ability to handle failureC.they are under the protection of their parentsD.they are misled by their parentsfalse
29、 message10.What did psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to do?A.To teach students how to avoid faults.B.To lead students to set their truly loved goals.C.To help students to discover a path to success.D.To allow kids to blame themselves.11.What can be inferred from the passage?A
30、.Students dont care about failure at all.B.Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.C.Students should bear all the failures on their own.D.Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了很多学生因为一些失败而自我批评，但现在年轻人很难与失6败作斗争是因为其父母对他们的过度保护。心理学家认为老师和家长应该帮助他们找到自身的目标，对世界
31、造成影响，这样可以提高他们生活的满意度并使得他们心理上变得更成熟。8.C 词义猜测题。第二段第 2 句提到“In her mind,“Nothing can stop me but myself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组 by virtue of 意为“通过”。A.in addition to 除之外；B.in spite of 尽管，不顾；C.by meansof 通过；D.for fear of 以免，以防。故选 C。9.D【解析】细节理解题。第三段第 1、2 句提到“We often
32、 owe young adults struggling they can achieveanything if they are willing to work for it.”通常情况下我们把年轻人和失败作斗争归因为父母对他们的过度保护，更主要的原因是因为父母的纵容让年轻人以为只要愿意为之奋斗就能取得成就。由此可知，现在的年轻人很难与失败作斗争，因为他们被父母的错误信息误导了。故选 D。10.B【解析】细节理解题。第四段第一句提到“Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers tospend and become more
33、 psychologically mature.”心理学家提出家长和老师可以帮助学生找到自己的目的，或者他们想要追求的目标，这样可以帮助他们提高生活的满意度，使得他们心理上变得更加成熟。由此可知，心理学家建议要指引学生设置他们真正热爱的目标。故选 B。11.D【解析】推理判断题。第一段第二句提到“After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match,she suffered severely by self-criticism.”当她在周末的比赛中犯了错误后，她进行了严格的自我批评，故 A 项错误。第三段第二句提到“But
34、there is another factor at play:a message transmitted by indulging(纵容的)parentswho have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”纵容的父母给孩子错误的信息是只要努力就能成功，而事实并不如此，故 B 项错误。最后一段心理学家提到老师和家长要帮助学生们找到自己的目标，说明学生不能只靠自己的努力承受所有的失败，故 C 项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“Its often the pe
35、ople who learn to say“stuff happens”who get up the fastest.”那些说着“事情就是这样”的人能够更快的站起来，说明心态更好的人能恢复的更快，D 项符合文意，故选 D。D（2020 年山东省日照市高三校际联考）Hybrid cars,also called hybrid electric vehicles（HEVs）,are cars that use more than one source of energy torun.They differ from the majority of cars on the road today in
36、 several ways.The main difference is that HEVs runon gasoline and electricity.An HEV car has a battery-powered motor as well as an engine that runs on gasoline.A hybrid car is a bit more expensive to produce than a regular car even though its engine is smaller.Thereason for the greater expense is th
37、at the engine is more complex.It has specialized mechanisms that allow it tooperate using gasoline and electric power.It also contains a computer that works differently from those of regularcars.Even though it is more expensive to purchase,it costs less to own than gas-powered cars.When an HEV car i
38、sat a stoplight or going at a speed below 15 miles per hour,its special computer tells it to run just on electric power.7When the computer senses that the car needs more power,it puts the gasoline engine back to work.The computer isconstantly deciding whether the car will use electricity,gas,or a co
39、mbination of the two.Because the HEV has electric power to help it run,it uses much less fuel than most cars.In fact hybrid carsare the most fuel-efficient cars that exist today.They can get from 50 to 60 miles per gallon on average.The highmileage saves money for the car owner and conserves preciou
40、s supplies of petroleum.Hybrid cars help theenvironment in other ways too.For example,whenthe HEV is using electric power,it does not send out poisonous smoke that pollute the air.Despite the differences between hybrid cars and regular cars,HEVs offer the same feel as regular cars.Theyhandle the sam
41、e way and speed up and stop in the same way too.HEVs,though,are generally smaller thangasoline-powered cars.Their rounded,aerodynamic frame helps add to their fuel efficiency but unfortunately doesnot add to the amount of space inside the vehicle.12.Which statement best explains the characteristics
42、of an HEV?A.Safe and reliable.B.Expensive but long-lasting.C.Smaller engine,greater power.D.High price,low carbon.13.The transformation between the gasoline and electricity in an HEV is operated by _.A.the engineB.the batteryC.the computerD.the driver14.For what purpose was the HEV invented?A.To sav
43、e energy.B.To provide better service.C.To lower the expense of purchase.D.To give the drivers a different feeling.15.Where does the passage probably come from?A.Ahealth report.B.A science magazine.C.Avehicle advertisement.D.Atravel journal.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了混合动力的汽车和普通的汽车之间的不同，主要介绍了合动力车的性能，费用，环保等方面的
44、优势。12.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的 Ahybrid car is a bit more expensive to produce than a regular car eventhough its engine is smaller.和第三段的 Hybrid cars help the environment in other ways too.For example,whenhe HEV is using electric power,it does not send out poisonous smoke that pollute the air.可知，HEV 车价格虽高，但环
45、保。故选 D。13.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的 The computer is constantly deciding whether the car will use electricity,gas,or a combination of the two.可知，HEV 车使用计算机不断地决定汽车是使用电力、煤气还是两者兼而8有之。故选 C。14.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是 They can get from 50 to 60 miles per gallon on average.The high mileage saves money for the car o
46、wner and conserves precious supplies of petroleum.可知，混合动力汽车省油，从而节省了宝贵的石油供应，由此可推断出，HEV 发明的目的是为了节约的能源。故选 A。15.B【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍了一种新型的汽车，由此可知，本文可能来自于科技杂志。故选 B。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）（河南省郑州市 2019-2020 学年高三上学期第一次质量预测）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are people less or more happy when they get o
47、lder?A study in 2018 found that people generally becomehappier and experience less worry after age 50.In fact,it found that by the age of 85,people are happier with theirlife than they were at 18.Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New Yor
48、kled the study.His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25.16.Happiness was the highest among the youngest adults and those in their early 70s.But the people least likelyto report feeling negative emotions were those in their 70s and 80s.The surve
49、y also found that men and womenhave similar emotional patterns as they grow older.17.The researchers also considered possible influences like,having young children being unemployed or being single.Bu,they found that influences like these did not affectthe levels of happiness and well-being related t
50、o age.18.One theory is that,as people get older,they become more than thankful for what they have and havebetter control of their emotions.They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.19.In another study,people in their 80s reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep.The