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1、仁爱版九年级上 Unit3 练习 05 一.汉译英:整句 使用被动语态翻译下列句子。1我们不把英语当作第一语言使用。_ 2这些电视机是 1990 年日本出产的。_ 3法国人说英语还是法语?_ 4中国什么地方生产盐?_ 5这些树可以被种在道路的两边。_ 6每天早晨都能听到小鸟唱歌的声音。_ 7世界被变成了一个更小的地方。_ 【答案】1English isnt used as our first language.2The TV sets were made in Japan in 1990.3Is English or French spoken by Frenchmen?4Where is s
2、alt produced in China?5These trees can be planted at the sides of the road.6The birds are heard to sing every morning.7The world is made to be a much smaller place.【解析】1当作 as;第一语言 first language;使用 use。句中 we 是动词 use 的施动者,first language是受动者,在被动语态句子中 first language 做主语,需用“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”结构,故填
3、 English isnt used as our first language.。2be made in 在地方制造;in 1990在 1990年,用于一般过去时。句中 the TV sets 是动词make 的受动者,需用 be+过去分词结构;the TV sets是复数人称,系词用 were;故填 The TV sets were made in Japan in 1990.。3句中“法国人 Frenchmen”是动词 speak的施动者,“英语还是法语 English or French”是受动者,English or French 做被动句的主语,需用“be+过去分词”结构,单数第三
4、人称系词需用 is,故填 Is English or French spoken by Frenchmen?。4句中“盐 salt”是动词 produce的受动者,需用 be+过去分词结构;where问地点,salt是单数第三人称,故填 Where is salt produced in China?。5 可以 can,表允许,后接原形动词;在道路的两边 at the sides of the road。句中“这些树 these trees”是动词 plant的受动者,需用“be+过去分词”结构,故填 These trees can be planted at the sides of the
5、 road.。6每天早晨 every morning,用于一般现在时;听到 hear。句中 the birds 是复数人称,同时是动词 hear 的受动者,需用“be+过去分词”被动结构。hear sb.do sth.听见某人做某事,省略 to的不定式在被动结构中需恢复 to,故填 The birds are heard to sing every morning.。7世界 the world;被变成 be made to be;一个更小的地方 a much smaller place。the world是单数第三人称,又动词 make的受动者,需用“be+过去分词”结构,故填 The wor
6、ld is made to be a much smaller place.。二、句型转换 把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态的句子。1Do you sweep the floor every day?_ 2Did people in the old days grow tea?_ 3We have learned Lesson 60._ 4We cant see many of the stars._ 5China has sent up man-made satellites into space._ 6They will plant the trees tomorrow._ 7I see
7、him go to school every day._ 8Our teacher made us close our eyes in the game._ 【答案】1Is the floor swept(by you)every day?2Was tea grown by people in the old days?3Lesson 60 has been learned by us.4Many of the stars cant be seen by us.5Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by China.6The tre
8、es will be planted tomorrow.7He is seen to go to school every day.8We were made to close our eyes in the game.【解析】1you 是原句动词 sweep的施动者,受动者是 the floor,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。the floor是单数第三人称,系词需用 is;根据句意结构,可知填 Is the floor swept(by you)every day?。2people 是原句动词 grow 的施动者,受动者是 te
9、a,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。tea 是单数第三人称,系词需用was;根据句意结构,可知填 Was tea grown by people in the old days?。3we 是原句动词 learn 的施动者,受动者是 Lesson 60,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。Lesson 60 是单数第三人称,需借助 has been+过去分词构成被动结构;根据句意结构,可知填 Lesson 60 has been learned by us.。4we 是原句动词 s
10、ee的施动者,受动者是 many of the stars,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。情态动词后接原形动词,根据句意结构,可知填 Many of the stars cant be seen by us.。5China 是原句动词 set 的施动者,受动者是 Man-made satellites,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。satellites 是复数人称,需借助 have been+过去分词构成被动结构;根据句意结构,可知填 Man-made satellite
11、s have been sent up into space by China.。6they是原句动词 plant的施动者,受动者是 trees,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。will 后接原形动词,根据句意结构,可知填 The trees will be planted tomorrow.。7I是原句动词 see 的施动者,受动者是 he,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。he 是单数第三人称,系词需用 is,根据句意结构,可知填 He is seen to go to s
12、chool every day.。8our teacher是原句动词 make 的施动者,受动者是 us,变为被动语态后二者角色需互换,基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)+其他”。us 居主语位置需用主格形式we,系词用 were;make sb.do sth.让某人做某事,固定短语,在被动结构中需恢复省略的不定式符号 to;根据句意结构,可知填 We were made to close our eyes in the game.。点睛:主动语态变被动语态时,需将主动语态的宾语(受动者)变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语(施动者)变为 by短语(在被动句中用作状语),若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的 by短语通常可以省略,同时要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性。