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1、英语演讲与辩论课程教学大纲(2006 年制订,2006 年修订)课程编号:100191 英文名:The Art of English Public Speaking and debating 课程类别:专业选修 学分:2 学分 课时:32 课时 主讲教师:韩静等 选定教材:Stephen E.Lucas(美),演讲的艺术(第八版),北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004 年 课程概述:英语演讲与辩论课程是一门语言技能和专业知识相结合的课程,在一定程度上实现相关专业与外语专业之间的复合、交融和渗透,使学生从语言的单一性向知识的多元化、宽厚型方向转化.该课程有助于提高学生综合应用英语的能力,有助于学
2、生综合素质的培养,是英语教学改革的新课型通过该课程的学习不仅能帮助学生进一步提高英语表达能力、英语口语交际能力,更有利于学生开拓思路、掌握沟通技巧;引导学生体会演讲魅力、提高演讲技巧、展示演讲才能,有利于他们早日掌握这门适用于各种领域的沟通艺术.这门课程的学习需要一定程度的语言技能以外的知识积累.通过这门课程的学习,学生能够系统地了解英语演讲的技巧,英语演讲稿的写作方法以及英语演讲技巧在现代交际中的作用.本课程采用理论传授与实际操练相结合;教师讲解和学生参与相结合;教师点评和学生试评相结合的教学方法.本课程授课内容主要包括两大块,均采用多媒体、互动式授课.第一部分包括英语演讲课程的理论教学,采
3、用范例录像观摩和阐释理论知识点相结合的方法;第二部分包括学生操练并辅助以课堂讨论及对学生操练和作业进行评析(自评、互评和教师点评相结合)等方法.考查方法采用课堂参与和考试相结合.教学目的:通过本课程的学习,使学生全面、系统地掌握英语演讲和辩论的理论知识与艺术特点以及在现实交际生活的作用及在一定程度上实现相关专业与外语专业之间的复合、交融和渗透,使学生从语言的单一性向知识的多元化、宽厚型方向转化,并且提高学生综合应用英语的能力和综合素质的培养.教学方法:本课程授课内容主要包括两大块,均采用多媒体、互动式授课.第一部分包括英语演讲辩论课程的理论教学,采用示范录像观摩和阐释理论知识点相结合的方法;第
4、二部分包括学生操练并辅助以课堂讨论及对学生操练和作业进行评析(自评、互评和教师点评相结合)等方法.考查采用课堂参与记录与考试相结合的方法,课堂参与记录占 50%,考试占 50%.1)教学原则 a.教师为主导,学生为主体,训练为主线;b.运用激励策略,营造宽松型(free)、学生友好型(student-friendly)氛围;c.语境教学法(context teaching);d.过程教学法(process teaching).2)课堂组织形式 a.精讲多练,突出学生参与;b.运用视听演示材料供学生观摩;c.鼓励学生制作视觉辅助材料(visual aids);d.运用摄像设备拍录学生演讲实景;e
5、.先讲后评,组织讨论;f.运用评估表(evaluation sheet)分析学生演讲;g.大班与小班授课应有区别.各章教学要求及教学要点 第一章 Speaking And Listening 教学要求:本章教学要求学生比较全面了解演讲的基本理论和概念,演讲中的道德准则以及倾听在言语交流中的重要性.教学内容:一、Speaking in Public 1.The Power of Public Speaking 2.The Tradition of Public Speaking 3.Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation 4.D
6、ifferences Between Public Speaking and Conversation 5.Developing Confidence:Your Speech Class 6.Public Speaking and Critical Thinking7.The Speech Communication Process 8.Public speaking in a Multicultural World 二、Ethics and Public Speaking 1.The Importance of Ethics 2.Guidelines for Ethical Speaking
7、 3.Plagiarism 4.Guidelines for Ethical Listening 三、Listening 1.Listening Is Important 2.Listening and Critical Thinking 3.Four Causes of Poor Listening 4.How to Become a Better Listener 思考题:1.In what way is public speaking likely to make a difference in your life?2.How is public speaking different f
8、rom everyday conversation?3.How can you control your nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?4.What are the seven elements of the speech communication process?How do they interact to determine the success or failure of a speech?第二章 Speech Preparation:Getting Started 教学要求:本章教学要求学生了解在演讲的
9、准备阶段如何选题和立意,如何分析听众的特点,如何收集资料和如何规范地使用所搜集到的论据来说明自己的想法.教学内容:Selecting a Topic and Purpose 1.Choosing a Topic 2.Determining the General Purpose 3.Determining the Specific Purpose 4.Phrasing the Central Idea 二、Analyzing the Audience 1.Audience-Centeredness 2.Your Classmates as an Audience 3.The Psycholog
10、y of Audiences 4.Demographic Audience Analysis 5.Situational Audience Analysis 6.Getting Information About the Audience 7.Adapting to the Audience 三、Gathering Materials 1.Using Your Own Knowledge and Experience 2.Doing Library Research 3.Searching the Internet 4.Interviewing 5.Tips for Doing Researc
11、h 四、Supporting Your Ideas 1.Supporting Materials and Critical Thinking 2.Examples 3.Statistics 4.Testimony 5.Sample Speech with Commentary 思考题:1.What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech?What are four guidelines for an effective central idea?2.What methods
12、can you use to adapt your speech to your audience before the speech?During the speech?3.What five things should you do to take research notes efficiently?4.What are five tips for using examples in your speeches?第三章 Speech Preparation:Organizing and Outlining 教学要求:本章教学要求学生系统掌握英语演讲稿的写作方法和写作规范.教学内容:Org
13、anizing the Body of the Speech 1.Organization Is Important 2.Main Points 3.Supporting Materials 4.Connectives 二、Beginning and Ending the Speech 1.The Introduction 2.The Conclusion 三、Outlining the Speech 1.The Preparation Outline 2.The Speaking Outline 思考题:1.What are the five basic patterns of organi
14、zing main points in a speech?Which are appropriate for informative speeches?Which is used only in persuasive speeches?Which is used most often?2.What are seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?3.What are four ways to reinforce the central ide
15、a when concluding your speech?4.What is a preparation outline?What are the eight guidelines discussed in the chapter for writing a preparation outline?5.What is a speaking outline?What are four guidelines for your speaking outline?第四章 Presenting The Speech 教学要求:本章教学要求学生基本掌握演讲写作中的语言技巧,演讲的不同形式,以及直观教具的
16、制作和用法.教学内容:一、Using Language 1.Language Is Important 2.Meanings of Words 3.Using Language Accurately 4.Using Language Clearly 5.Using Language Vividly 6.A Note on Inclusive Language 二、Delivery 1.What is a Good Delivery?2.Methods of Delivery 3.The Speakers Voice 4.The Speakers Body 5.Practicing Delive
17、ry 6.Answering Audience Questions 三、Using Visual Aids 1.Advantages of Visual Aids 2.Kinds of Visual Aids 3.Guidelines for Preparing Visual Aids 4.Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids 思考题:1.What are three things you should do to use language clearly in your speeches?2.Why is it important for a publi
18、c speaker to use inclusive language?What are five usages of inclusive language which have become so widely accepted that no speaker can afford to ignore them?3.What are the eight aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?4.What are the five steps you should follow when practi
19、cing your speech delivery?5.What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session?What should you concentrate on when responding to questions during the session?6.What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches?第五章 Varieties of Public Speaking 教学要求:本章教学要求学生掌
20、握演讲的几种主要的体裁,能够在不同的场合选择不同的方式进行有效演讲.教学内容:教学内容:Speaking to Inform 1.Types of Informative Speeches:Analysis and Organization 2.Guidelines for Informative Speaking 3.Sample Speech with Commentary 4.The Importance of Persuasion 5.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Fact 6.Persuasive Speeches on Questions
21、of Value 7.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Policy 二、Methods of Persuasion 1.Building Credibility 2.Using Evidence 3.Reasoning 4.Appealing to emotions 三、Speaking on Special Occasions 1.Speeches of Introduction 2.Speeches of Presentation 3.Speeches of Acceptance 4.Commemorative Speeches 5.After-Di
22、nner Speeches 四、Speaking in Small Groups 1.What Is a Small Group?2.Leadership in Small Groups 3.responsibilities in a Small Group 4.The Reflective-Thinking Method 5.Presenting the Recommendations of the Groups 思考题:1.Why must informative speakers be careful not to overestimate what the audience knows
23、 about the topic?What can you do to make sure your ideas dont pass over the heads of your listeners?2.What are three methods you can use to avoid abstractions in your informative speech?3.Explain the difference between passive agreement and immediate action as goals for persuasive speeches on questions of policy.4.What four methods of organization are used most often in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?