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1、 1 含蓄虚拟语气省略 IF 时 had_would 虚拟条件句中 if 的隐含或省略 语言是灵活多变的表达是丰富多彩的。有的时候虚拟语气的表现形式也显得非常灵活比如就说其中的虚拟条件吧它有时会以 if 从句来表示但有时会用某种短语来表示比如不定式短语、分词短语、介词短语等等。1.if 的隐含 I should be happy to go with you.如果能与你一起去我将很高兴。句中的不定式短语 to go with you 就是表示虚拟条件的它相当于 if I could go with you。这句话的言外之意是可惜我不一定有机会同你一起去。To have studied hard
2、er you would have passed the examination.你学习更用功些你早就考及格了。句中的不定式短语 to have studied harder 也是表示虚拟条件的它相当于if you had studied harder。句子的言外之意是可惜你当时没有更用功我所以你就没有考及格。Failing this time what would you do 假若这次失败那你怎么办 句中的分词短语 failing this time 表示虚拟条件相当于 if you failed this time。其言外之意是尽管失败的可能性很小但还是有可能会失败假若失败了那怎么办 W
3、ithout your help we couldnt have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助我们就不会取得成功。句中的介词短语 without your help 表示虚拟条件相当于 if you hadnt given us help。2.其言外之意是好在你帮助了我们所以我们取得了成功。I didnt know that he was a cheat or else I wouldnt have believed him.我不知道他是个骗子不然我也不会相信他了。句中的 or else 隐含着一个虚拟条件它相当于 if I had known he was a cheat。句子的言外
4、之意是当是我竟然相信了他。2.if 的省略 在虚拟条件句中有时可将引民虚拟条件句的连词 if 省略但此时应用倒装句型即将从句中的were should had 等提到句首。如 如果她在这里她也同意的。If he were here she would agree too.Were she here she would agree too.假若明天下雨我们只好推迟这场比赛。If it should rain tomorrow we should have to put off the match.Should it rain tomorrow we should have to put off
5、the match.要是我们当时早点找到他的话我们就可以救活他。If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.Had we found him earlier we could have saved his life.3.注意如果条件从句的谓语为否定式其中的否定词 not 应置于主语之后而不能与 were should had 等缩略成 Werent Shouldnt Hadnt 而置于句首。我如不是警告了你你就可能丧命了。正 If I hadnt warned you you could have been killed.正 Had I not warned you you could have been killed.误Hadnt I warned you you could have been killed.另外有时省略 if 后提前到句首的 had 可能不是助动词而是实义动词。如 Had I time I would go with you.假如我有时间我就同你们一起去。句中的 had不是构成过去完成时的助动词而是表示“有”如果不省略 if 其完整形式为 If I had time I would go with you.