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1、 Page 1 of 18 13.1 施工指导 Guidance for Construction 一、安装工程施工总流程 General process flow of installation works 本项目主要安装工程将遵循以下工作流程和工作次序。Major installation works of this project shall follow the process flow and the sequence listed below:各种准备工作指导与检查美施威尔设计支持监理与管理设计院监理、管理、指导、检查安装主线我单位项目实施和管理部门美施威尔公司技术交底方案确认进度
2、管理安全管理质量管理安装开始临设搭建甲供物资分批到货竣工验收系统调试测试系统整改调整管道工程施工准备进场甲供物资到货周期人员、机具组织进场准备甲供物资招标、订货施工图确认二次优化设计合理化建议施工图设计图纸消化设计交底竣工资料编制、运行维护手册编制等乙供设备、材料订货乙供物资分批到货本项目还将遵守业主有关的技术规程和要求。以下章节的施工方案以业主提供的技术参数和技术要求说明书为基础进行编写。如有矛盾和不符，以总包提供的技术要求说明书和设计说明为准。Relevant tech codes and requirments by the client shall also be followed.T
3、he formulas of excecution of works that follow are prepared based on the tech parameters and tech documents provided by the client.In the case of contraditoriness and nonconformity priority shall be given to the tech requirements and designs provided by the general contractor.二、管道工程 2.Pipleline work
4、s 2.1 空调水管道的安装工艺 installation process technology of water pipeline for air conditioning 2.1.1 工艺流程 process flow 安装准备预制加工主管安装支管安装管道试压管道冲洗管道防腐保温 preparation of installtion works-prefabricating-installing the main pipe-inatalling branch pipes-pressure test of pipeline-pipeline cleaning-anti erosion wor
5、ks for pipeline-insulation works 2.1.2 施工方法及措施 method of execution of works and actions to be taken Page 2 of 18 施工准备 preparation to the execution of works 安装前应密切配合土建单位，和土建相关的工程要仔细检查，包括预留洞口、预埋套管等，待合格满足安装要求，相关管道及配件必须有质量保证资料，有关安全技术资料交底要完成。Closely coordinate with the civil works unit before commencemen
6、t of installation.All works related to civil work shall be subjected to careful inspection,including openings,holes,preburied conduits etc,see that they conform to the requirements for installation.Relevant pipes and fittings shall have quality assurance information.Handover of the related safety te
7、chnical information must be completed.管道预制和安装：prefabricating and installing of pipeline A：管道预制和安装前要进行内外壁清理，除锈和清除杂质；cleaning of both inside and outside of the pipes must precede the prefabricating and installing,to remove rust and impurities B：管道尽量采用预制，以减少固定焊口和现场安装高空作业工作量；prefabricating must be as mu
8、ch as possible in terms of pipe manufacturing in order to reduce fixed welded connections and installation work amount hight up on site C：制作完后应编号，并且打上焊工代号和检验标志；manufacturing finished,the work pieces shall be numbered and stamped with welders code and inspection identity D：管道坡口应符合焊接工艺，坡口采用机械加工和氧乙炔加工法
9、；groove welding must conform to welding process technological requirements;groove processing shall be by machining and oxygen/acetelene processing method E：管道组对严禁偏差、错边量不得超过壁厚的 10，且不大于 2mm；when pairing the pipes deviation is not allowed,edge staggering shall not exceed 10%of the wall thickness not mo
10、re than 2mm in any way.F：管道安装必须横平竖直，管道和设备必须避免强力连接，安装过程不得损坏建筑物结构的可靠性、完整性；installation of pipeline shall be either horizontal or vertical.Forced connection of pipeline and equipment shall be avoided.No damage shall be allowed to the structural reliability and completeness of the building G：在安装隐蔽工程和埋地管
11、道，装卸、运输机吊装入管沟时，应挂钩管子两端，不得将钢丝绳直接捆扎在管子防腐层上，以防损坏防腐绝缘层；When laying down pipes in ditches in such works as hidden worka and buried pipelines loading/unloading/lifting by crane shall proceed in such a manner that wire rope shall not be directly tied on the anti erosion layer of the pipe,which will damage
12、the layer,but instead hook up the pipe at both ends.H：焊缝未经检验和压力试验合格不得作防腐，待合格后方能作防腐处理，仿佛绝缘层如损坏，必须进行修补，并做好隐蔽工程的验收资料 anti erosion layer shall not be done before welding beads is inspected or pressure test is not successfully passed.In case the anti erosion insulation layer is damaged proper repairs mus
13、t be done and acceptance inspection documentation shall be complete with hidden works 管道支架安装 installation of pipeline fixtures 管道支架的形式和材质须按照设计要求，支架采用机械切割，电钻、冲床开孔，焊接优良无变形，焊后作防腐处理，根据规范严格控制支架间距，对减震器验收应有出厂证明，并作相应超载试验，必须完全吻合相关标准。Type and material of the pipeline fixtures shall be asper design requirement
14、s.For The fixture manufacturing such means as machine cutting,hole making by power drilling or punch machine,good quality welding and anti erosion treatment shall be employed.Fixtures interval shall be strictly controlled;for shock absorbers ex works quality certificate of the manufacturer shall be
15、a must and relevant overload test will be done,and Page 3 of 18 relevant standard shall be followed 管道阀门安装 installation of pipeline valves 阀门必须有质保资料，严格按照设计规格型号进行外观检查、压力试验，不合格不采用，安装时阀门必须在关闭状态下，严禁管道受力于阀门，安全阀安装前必须调校检验，管道吹扫、冲洗后有关阀门应抽心检查，阀门和管道设备连接必须避免强力连接，松开紧固件时阀门处于正确自由位置。The valves shall have quality ce
16、rtificates and shall be subjected to strict outlook inspection,pressure test as per type and specifications of the design;those that fail the test shall not be used.Valves must be fitted on when they are shut,it is strictly forbidden to subject the pipeline to the pressure from valves.Safety valves
17、shall be calibrated and inspected before being fitted on.Carefully check the valves after the flushing and cleaning of the ducting.Forced connection between valves and pipeline or its fittings shall be avoided.When the fasteners are loosened valves shall be in the correct free position.焊接 welding 焊工
18、必须为取得焊工合格证的焊工，所有焊接辅材应有材料质保资料，焊口根据材质规格、工艺要求选用坡口型式，焊缝间距均匀，不应有未熔合等缺陷，管道纵环缝不得开孔和焊接支管，且直径大雨 150mm 的管道，直管段上两对接焊缝间距不得小于 150mm，焊接外观成形美观，无咬边气孔、焊瘤等缺陷。Welders shall be those with qualifications.All welding auxilary material shall have correct quality certificates.Craters shall be groove welding based on the sp
19、ecifications of material and process requirements.Intervals between welding beads shall be even and uniform,defects like un-molten metal is not allowed.No holes shall be allowed in the longitudinal welding beads and no branchp pipe shall be welded to it;for pipeline whose diameter is more than 150 m
20、m distance between two butt weld joints in straight sector of the pipeline shall not be less than 150 mm.The weld shall look elegant,free of crimping bubbles and weld knurls and other defects 检验 Inspection 管道施工完毕后，先进行外观检查，然后根据设计要求和施工规范进行气密试验和水压试验，管道系统吹扫及清洗时，管道吹扫时应与设备隔离，吹洗前相关仪表、阀芯应拆除，吹洗时应有足够流量，压力不低于设
21、计压力，流速不小于 20m/s。After the works of the pipeline is completed outlook inspection shall proceed first.After that will be the air tightness test and water pressure test as per design requirement and the working norms.When doing the flushing and cleaning of the pipeline it shall be isolated from other e
22、quipment.Before flushing/cleaning all relevant instruments,valve elements shall be removed.Adequated flow rate shall be maintained for the flushing and cleaning,its pressure not less that design pressure and flow rate not less than 20m/s.管道油漆、保温 paining and insulating of the pipeline 管道安装前和安装后均应除锈、刷
23、漆，冷水管道保温为关键工序，保温前确认材料和选型，管道使用专用清洁剂清洗一遍，两面涂胶，黏结时严禁拉伸保温材料，胶水应均匀，且焊缝处应更牢固，保温厚度应满足设计要求和相关施工规范。Before and after the installation of pipeline removal of rust,paining and insulating the cold water pipeline shall be the key processes.Before doing the insulating make sure about the material and type selectio
24、n,clean up the pipes with exclusive detergent,apply glue on both sides.When bonding,it is strictly forbidden to pull/elongate insulation material.Glue shall be applied in an even manner and take care to make the bonding at weld joints all the more strong.Thickness of insulation shall meet the design
25、 requirement and relevant working norm.Page 4 of 18 2.2 塑料管道施工工艺 process technology of plastic pipeline 2.2.1 工艺流程 process flow:材料准备切削配管检查清洁接口涂抹清洁剂涂抹胶水（两次）管道连接固化检查清洁material preparing-cutting and preparing piping-check/clean the connections-apply detergent-apply glue(twice)-joining the pipes-check s
26、olidification-cleanup 2.2.2 粘结注意点：points of attention when bonding 1.接合表面须先软化并保持半潮湿状。Bonding surfaces shall be softened and be kept semi moist 2.须有足够的胶水填塞在管件和管配件的缝隙中。Adequate quantity of glue shall be filled in the gaps of piping and it fittings 3.管件与管配件的组合须在表面还湿及半潮湿状态下接合。Bonding of piping and its f
27、ittings shall be done when surfaces are moist or semi moist.4.接合的力量来自胶水固化时，在接合的部分，胶水会熔合，在空隙的地方，胶水会咬紧表面。Force of bonding comes from the solidification of the glue,where joining is the glue will do the alligation;where gaps are glue will stick tightly to the surface 单独用胶水或适当的清洁剂，或两者一并使用都可达到软化和熔接的作用。在特
28、定的产品，特定的情况下，必须使用清洁剂的。恰当的清洁可快速地软化和深入，另外，使用清洁剂可保证安装者的安全，因为这样使它可在不同的温度中达到适当的软化，例如，在冷天气下可能就需要多重复几次软化和深入的动作。承接处软松的地主一定要填上充份的胶水。除了填上充分的胶水，适当厚度的胶水须深入表面，并保持湿度直到接合完成。Either using glue alone or proper detergent or using both will achieve softening and alligation.Where a special product is involved under speci
29、al circumstances so that detergent must be used,the proper use of detergent can quicken softening and penetration.Besides use of detergent can ensure safety of the operators,because detergent softens it in different temperature.For instance,in cold weather repeated softening and penetration are need
30、ed.It shall be necessary to fill in adequate quantity of glue where it is soft.Apart from adequate quantity of glue an appropriate thickness of glue layer has to penetrate the surface and be kept moist until bonding is completed.若在管件和管配件还湿和半湿状态中接合，胶水会熔合只变一层。如果胶水还是湿的，表面底部分会是软的，使接合处更易熔合。若胶水失去胶化，接合较不易且
31、须使用更大的力气。If bonding is done when piping and fittings are moist or semi moist alligation is only one layer.If glue remains moist the surface is soft and alligation will be easy.If glue loses cohesion bonding will not be easy and the bonding work becomes harder.好的接合要求接合处的胶水完全变干后才施工作压，如此熔合处会产生力量，其他空隙处也
32、因胶水而有恰当的接合。Good bonding requires that working pressure does not apply until the glue at the bonding is completely stiff,as it is then that bonding is strong.Other gaps can also have good bonding because of the glue.2.2.3 溶胶接合步骤（使用清洁剂）steps in glue bonding(with use of detergent)1.组合适当工作材料（如胶水、清洁剂及合适配
33、管尺寸之涂抹工具。）collect proper material for the job(glue,detergent,and applying tools that suit the piping dimensions)2.切削配管时应尽可能平直切削：可使用机械或细齿锯和斜口锯箱等切削，尽量便配管表面能够有最大的结合区。Cutting of piping shall be as much straight as possible,it is possible to use Page 5 of 18 machines or fine tooth saw for cutting job.Do
34、it in such a manner that the piping surface will have max bonding area.3.轮式塑胶管切断器亦可使用于切削配管。无论如何，切管于管口所产生毛边及必须被去除，否则会在管及管配件接合时擦掉胶水。Wheel-type plastic hose cutting-machine may also be used for cutting purposes.Any way burr as a result of cutting must be removed from the pipe orifice,as that will wipe
35、off glue when it comes to bonding.4.可使用刀、去角工具或锉刀来去除管口内外毛边，并可顺便刮除部分会被软化或吊架区域痕迹。Use knife,hand tool for removal of edges or file to remove the burring inside and outside the pipe orifice 5.擦拭掉配管端部的灰尘、油脂以及水气。完全擦拭干净及干燥较粗的表面通常是有效的（水气会降低接合力、灰尘、油脂会影响粘着）。Wipe off dust,grease and moisture at the end of the p
36、ipes.It is of proven value to thoroughly clean up and dry up the surfaces that are rough(moisture will reduce bonding force and dust and grease affects cohesion)6.检视管及管配件胶合前是否为干燥状态及合适与否，管应能容易的插入到管配件 1/43/4 的位置。且不希望太紧，因组合时必须将配管推到配件底部，如果配管与配件彼此皆非真圆时，调整接合角度以符合，如果管与配件彼此接合有空隙时，请确认所有管与配件是否符合有关规范。Check to
37、see the pipes and fittings are in a dry state and are the right ones;pipes should be easily inserted into fittings for 1/43/4 of the length.It is also expected to be not too tight,as when bonding the pipe will have to be pushed to the end of the fitting.If pipes and fittings are neither of them trul
38、y round adjust their angles so as to align them.If,when joined the pipe and fittings have clearancec between them be sure to check all pipes and fittings to see if they conform to required norms.7.使用适当的涂抹工具是非常重要的，涂抹工具尺寸应等于配管直径约 1/2 左右。It is important to have proper applying tools,which shall be the
39、size approx 1/2 of the pipe diameter.8.清洁剂之使用：使用清洁剂目的在集中及软化接合表面使结合顺利，适量使用并确认表面以软化适合接合，可于正式涂抹或天气变化剧烈前先在一小片上测试，用刀或利器刮拭，小量清洁剂表面应可刮下，因为气候状况会影响清洁剂及胶水效果，重复测试应有必要，在冷天气软化需要较长时间。The use of detergent:the purose of use of detergent is to soften the surface for bonding to make bonding easier.To determine the ex
40、tent of softening one may make a test before formally applying or before drastic change of weather by applying on a small piece.Use a knife to scrape,a small quantity of detergent ought to be scraped off.Weaterh can influence the effect of detergent or glue so repeated test is necessary.In cold weat
41、her softening will take longer time.9.用适当大小的涂抹工具将清洁剂涂于管配件套节的内部，重复沾抹，直到整个表面都已软化，在冷天及坚硬之表面需涂抹更多次。Use a proper sized applying tool to apply detergent to the inner side of the pipe connection,apply repeatedly until the whole surface is softened.In cold weather or if the surface is hard repeat the applyi
42、ng even more.10.重要涂抹清洁剂于管口外部，涂抹区域至少需至管配件 1/2 深度结合区域。Repeatedly apply detergent to the pipe outer orifice,area of application of detergent shall minimum 1/2 of the depth of bonding.11.如可行，建议在管配件内再涂抹一次清洁剂。If possible apply detergent once again to the inner surface of the pipe fittings.12.趁配管表面仍有粘性时，尽快涂抹适合的胶水。While fitting surface is still sticky lose no time to apply glue.13.涂抹胶水：（胶水在使用前需先摇一摇）用适当大小的涂抹工具将胶水涂于管外部，重复沾抹与管配件结合区域，尽可能勿涂抹太薄否则将很快干掉。Applying glue:(shake the glue bottle