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1、 人教版教材补充词汇（与 2015 年中考考纲对照）*划线单词为课本完全没有学过，其他单词课本没有学过该中文意思。about adv.到处，四处 prep.在各处；四处 e.g.Lets look about for help.让我们四处寻求帮助 Lets plant trees about the house.我们在房子周围种树吧。ache vi.&n.痛，疼痛 e.g.I ache all over.我浑身疼痛。He has an ache in the back.他的背痛。act n.法令，条例 v.行动，做事 e.g.An Act forbidding the killing of r
2、are animals was passed yesterday.禁止捕杀珍稀动物的法令昨天通过了。Think before you act!三思而后行！advertisement n.广告 C(缩写 ad)e.g.The wall was covered with advertisements.墙上贴满了广告。afford vt.抽得出（时间）；提供 e.g.I am too busy to afford an hour for lunch.我忙得抽不出一小时吃午饭。Soccer is a sport affording good exercise.足球是一项使人获得良好锻炼的运动。agai
3、nst prep.反对 e.g.We won our match against that team.我们在比赛中赢了那个队。No one is against this bill.没有人反对这个议案。age n.时代 e.g.the Stone Age 石器时代 the computer age 计算机时代 the Ice Age 冰川纪 agreement n.协定 e.g.The agreement was signed during a meeting at the UN.这个协定是在联合国的一次会议上签订的。airline n.航空公司 e.g.international airli
4、ne 国际航线;国际航空公司 alone adj.单独的，孤独的 e.g.He was alone in the house.他独自一人在家里。along adv.向前，和在一起，一同 e.g.Pass the note along.请将条子传过去。A bill came along with the package.清单与包裹一并到达。among prep.在（三个以上）之间 e.g.Shenyang is among the largest industrial cities in China.沈阳是中国最大工业城市之一。answer n.&v.回信 e.g.Have you had an
5、 answer to your letter?你的信是否有了回信?area n.面积 e.g.Australia is large in area,but small in population.澳大利亚面积辽阔，但人口很少。article n.东西，冠词 e.g.The woman first bought a few small articles.这个妇女先买了些小商品 as adv.&conj.因为 prep.作为 e.g.As you are tired,you had better rest.(既然)你累了,最好休息一下。He worked as a teacher.他当教师。Asi
6、an adj.亚洲的，亚洲人的 n.亚洲人 e.g.The map shows 48 Asian countries with their capitals.这幅地图显示了 48 个国家及其首都。ask vt.邀请 e.g.Id like to ask them to dinner.我想请他们吃饭。available adj.有用的，有效的 e.g.These tickets are available for one month.这些票有效期一个月。awake(awoke,awoken)v.唤醒,醒来 e.g.Her voice awoke the sleeping child.她的声音惊醒
7、了睡着的小孩。I awoke from a deep sleep.我从沉睡中醒来。back adj.后面的 n.背后，后部；背 bank n.堤岸 e.g.He jumped into the river and swam to the opposite bank.他跳下河游到了对岸。beat v.跳动，打赢 n.（音乐）节拍 e.g.We couldnt beat them in last Sundays basketball game.上周日的篮球赛上，我们战胜不了他们。My heart beat quickly before the exam.考试前我的心跳得厉害。bee n.蜜蜂(小学
8、)behavior n.行为，举止 e.g.Everyone praises the childrens good behavior.每个人都赞扬孩子们的好行为。besides prep.除以外（还有）e.g.We have no other dictionaries besides these.除了这些辞典外,我们没有别的辞典了。bill n.账单，法案，议案；钞票，纸币 e.g.a 10-dollar bill 一张 10 美元的钞票 If you dont pay the bill,the telephone company may disconnect your telephone.如
9、果你不付电话费,电话公司就会切断你的电话线路。blow v.刮风 e.g.The winds blow across the sea,pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.风吹过海面,把小的波浪推向前进,变成越来越大的波浪。board n.委员会；（政府的）部 v.寄宿(学过 boarding school)e.g.The board of the directors agreed to give Mr White the job.董事会同意聘用怀特先生。boat v.划船 e.g.They were fond of boating.
10、他们喜欢划船。book v.预订，订（房间、车票）e.g.The hotel is fully booked up.旅馆房间已经全部给人预定了。breath n.气息，呼吸 e.g.How long can you hold your breath under water?在水下你能屏住气多长时间?breathe vi.呼吸(非黑)e.g.The doctor told him to breathe in deeply and then breathe out.医生叫他先深深吸一口气,然后再呼气。bright adj.聪明的 e.g.a bright child 一个聪慧的孩子 a brigh
11、t idea 一个聪明的见解 build vt.建筑，造 e.g.He built a model ship out of wood.他用木头造了个模型船。burn v.使晒黑 e.g.He burnt his face in the sun.他晒黑了脸。business n.工作，职业，职责，事业 e.g.Its a teachers business to make children learn.使学生学习是老师的责任。by prep.靠近，在旁，在时间，不迟于 e.g.She was standing by the window and watching the children pla
12、y.她站在窗户旁边看着小孩玩耍。Hell be here by 4 oclock tomorrow.他最迟明天四点就到这儿。can n.罐 e.g.Food in cans is called canned food.装在罐头里的食品叫罐头食品。Canadian adj.加拿大的；加拿大人的 n.加拿大人 cancer n.癌 e.g.Cancer is a common cause of death in modern society.癌症是现代社会常见的死亡原因。cap n.（瓶子的）盖；（钢笔等的）笔套 capital n.省会；大写；资本 e.g.Write your name in
13、capitals.用大写字母写你的名字。card n.纸牌，名片 e.g.Lets play cards.咱们打牌吧。（用复数形式）catch v.染上（疾病）e.g.Youll catch a cold if you dont put a sweater on.你不穿上毛衣会感冒的。cause n.原因，起因 change n.零钱，找头 v.兑换 e.g.I gave him one yuan,and he gave me 20 cents change.我给了他一块钱，他找了我两毛钱的零钱。Where can I change my Hong Kong dollars for US do
14、llars?我在哪儿可以把港币兑换成美钞?church n.教堂，教会 e.g.Many people go to church on Sunday,but others dont.星期天,许多人去教堂做礼拜,但有的人不去。clear adj.清晰的，明亮的，清楚的 e.g.clear water 清澈的水；bright,clear colors 鲜亮的色彩 It was clear that he wanted to be alone.很清楚，他想一个人待着。close v.关，关闭 e.g.The government closed the road for repairs.政府封闭公路进
15、行维修。When does the shop close?店铺几点关门？cloud n.阴影 e.g.under the cloud of night 夜色朦胧中 coach n.马车，长途车 coat n.涂层，表皮，皮毛 e.g.The dog has a thick coat of hair.这狗毛厚。He gave the wall a coat of white paint.他把墙壁涂上一层白漆。colour v.给着色，涂色 e.g.Olivia is coloring the picture in her book.奥莉维亚在给书上的画涂颜色。company n.公司 compl
16、ete adj.完成的，完全的（学过 completely）e.g.He is a complete stranger to me.对我来说，他完全是个陌生人。When will the work be complete？这项工作何时完成？cooker n.炊具 copy n.抄本，副本，一本 v.拷贝 e.g.Please send a copy of this letter to Mr Grey.请把这信的副本送给格雷先生。a copy of the Shantou Daily 一份汕头日报 He was punished for copying during the examinatio
17、n.他因考试时抄袭而被罚。country n.乡下 e.g.There are many differences between living in a big city and living in the country.生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同之处。cross n.十字形的东西 e.g.the Red Cross(Society)红十字会 Jesus died on the cross.耶稣死在十字架上。daily adv.每天 n.日报 e.g.He wrote to her almost daily.他几乎每天给她写信。dark n.黑暗，暗处，日暮 adj.深色的 e.g.
18、Some small children are afraid of the dark.有些小孩怕黑。We could not see in the dark.在黑暗中我们看不见（东西）。Be sure to come back home before dark.天黑之前务必要回家。date n.约会 depend vi.取决于 e.g.Happiness doesnt depend on who you are or what you have；it depends on what you think.幸福不在于你是谁或拥有什么，而是取决于你的心态。develop v.冲洗（照片）e.g.He
19、 is developing a photograph in the darkroom.他正在暗房里冲洗照片。difference n.不同 direct vt.指挥，指导，监督，管理，指挥，导演 e.g.It is known to all that ones thinking directs ones actions.众所周知，思想指导行动。The policeman directed the crowd to move back for safety.为了安全那个警察命令人群往后退。dish n.盘装菜，盘形物 e.g.The main dish is fish and potato c
20、hips.主菜是鱼和薯条。disturb vt.扰乱，打扰 e.g.Please dont disturb me while Im working.当我工作时，请不要打扰我。downstairs adv.在楼下，到楼下 e.g.He went downstairs to answer the front door.他下楼去开前门。dozen n.十二个，一打 e.g.-Eggs are sold by the dozen here.I want two dozen,please.“这里的鸡蛋是按打卖的。”“我要两打。”drop n.滴 v.投递，放弃 e.g.A few drops of ra
21、in landed on the roof.几滴雨水落在了屋顶上。She has dropped drinking and is getting better and better.她戒了酒，身体越来越好。drug n.药，药物，毒品 e.g.He does not smoke or take drugs.他既不抽烟也不吸毒。painkilling drugs 止痛药 dry v.使干，弄干，擦干 e.g.She dried her hair in the sun.她在太阳底下把头发晒干。duty n.责任，义务 e.g.Do not forget your duty to your pare
22、nts.不要忘记对父母应尽的责任。Only one doctor is on duty today.The other doctor is off duty.今天只有一个医生值班，另一位下班了。end v.结束，终止 e.g.The party did not end until midnight.晚会到半夜才结束。exam n.检查，审查 e.g.an eye exam 眼部检查 excuse n.借口，辩解 e.g.Stop making excuses for being late!别再为迟到找藉口了！experiment n.实验 e.g.We can learn by experim
23、ent that oil and water will not mix.我们可以从实验中看到油和水是不相溶合的。Many people do not like the idea of doing experiments on animals.许多人不赞成在动物身上做实验。fast adj.紧密的 adv.紧密地 e.g.The little girl held fast to her mothers hand.小女孩紧紧地抓住妈妈的手。fat n.脂肪 e.g.Fruits and vegetables can help you burn fat.水果蔬菜有助于燃烧脂肪。fight v.&n.
24、争论 e.g.He and his wife are always fighting about who will look after the children.他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。flat n.一套房间，公寓C fly n.苍蝇（flies），vi.飘动 vt.空运 e.g.They flew supplies to the area which was hit by a snow storm.他们给暴风雪地区空运物资。foreigner n.外国人 e.g.More foreigners are working in Japan than ever before.在日
25、本工作的外国人比以往任何时候都多。form n.表格 e.g.Please fill in the form.请填写这张表格。furniture n.家具 U e.g.This old Chinese square table is a very valuable piece of furniture.这张旧的中国八仙桌是一件很珍贵的家具。garden v.从事园艺 e.g.Gardening is good for your health.园艺对健康有益。gesture n.姿势,手势 e.g.He made an angry gesture when he heard the news.听
26、到这个消息，他做了个生气的手势。golden adj.金黄色的 goose(geese)n.鹅 grandson n.(外)孙子 granny n.老奶奶,祖母,外婆 greeting n.祝贺,问候（学过 greet）handwriting n.书法 e.g.Some students think handwriting is not important any more because of computers.有些学生以为因为有了计算机，书写不再重要。head n.才智,首脑,源头,标题 e.g.Peter said he had a poor head for mathematics.
27、彼得说自己没有数学头脑。Frank is now the head of a very large business company.弗兰克现在是一家很大的商业公司的老板。heaven n.天,天空 hold v.举行,进行 e.g.They are going to hold a yard sale this Saturday.本周六他们会举行旧货售卖会。honour n.荣誉,敬意 vt.尊敬,给以荣誉(非黑)e.g.I have cooked a special dish in honor of our visitors.我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来客表示敬意。He was honore
28、d for his courage in battle.他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬。hot dog n.热狗 hurt vt.伤人感情 e.g.Youll hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday.如果你忘了她的生日,那会伤她感情的。ice n.冰 immediately adv.立即 e.g.If there is something wrong with the recorder,we will change it for you immediately.要是录音机有问题，我们会马上为您更换。ink n.墨水,油墨 U insist v
29、i.坚持,坚持认为 e.g.They insisted that she should be invited.他们坚持要邀请她。interest n.利息 e.g.He lent me the money at 5%interest.他以百分之五的利息借给我这笔钱。introduction n.介绍,引进 e.g.He encouraged the introduction of new medical treatments.他鼓励采用新的医疗方法。Japan n.日本(小学)last v.持续 e.g.The meeting only lasted(for)a few minutes.会议只
30、持续了几分钟。lemonade n.柠檬水U lie n.谎言 vi.说谎 e.g.Im sorry I lied to you.我很抱歉向你撒了谎。Stop telling lies.别再撒谎了。lift v.(云,烟)消散 e.g.By afternoon the smog had lifted.到下午雾气散尽。light vt.点(火),点燃 adj.明亮的,轻的,浅色的（lit 或 lighted）e.g.We lit the candle and the candle lit the room.我们点着了蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。match vt 使相配,使配对 e.g.The colo
31、r of the shirt does not match that of the coat.衬衫的颜色与上衣不相配。matter n.物质 v.要紧 e.g.Everything we can see and touch is made up of matter.我们能看见和摸到的每件东西都由物质组成。It doesnt matter if I miss this bus.I can walk.如果我错过了公共汽车不要紧，我可以步行。mend v.修理,修补 e.g.Can you mend the hole in my shirt?你能补一下我衬衫上的洞吗？menu n.菜单 e.g.Le
32、ts see what is on the menu today.让我们看看今天菜单上有什么菜。mess v.弄乱,弄脏 e.g.Youve messed up the floor again by dropping bits of paper everywhere!你又把纸屑弄得到处都是，把地板搞脏。missing adj.失掉的,失踪的,缺少的 e.g.This book has 12 missing pages.这本书缺了 12 页。mistake(mistook,mistaken)vt.弄错，误认为 e.g.He mistook her for her twin sister.他把她误
33、认作她的孪生姐姐了 moment n.片刻,瞬间 e.g.Ill be back in a moment.我立刻回来。There is not a moment to be lost.刻不容缓。monitor n.班长,纠察生,监视器 monkey n.猴子(小学)motorcycle n.摩托车 note n.钞票,纸币,音符,音调 e.g.I changed a ten-yuan note at the bank,because I needed some coins for the ticket machine.我在银行拿十块钱的纸币兑换了零钱,因为我需要一些硬币投入自动售票机。oper
34、ation n.手术,操作 e.g.The operation of a washing-machine is easy.洗衣机容易操作。Doctors are performing an operation on her stomach.医生们正给她的胃做手术。out adv.熄 e.g.The fires gone out.火熄灭了。over prep.越过,遍及 adv.越过,结束 e.g.jump over a wall 跳过一堵墙 go over ones notes 从头到尾看笔记 When we arrived the film was over.当我们到达时，电影结束了。pac
35、kage n.一包,一袋,一盒 e.g.Large packages are sometimes left beside the door.大的包裹有时就放在大门旁边。paint n.油漆U v.绘画,油漆 e.g.Theres paint on your clothes.你衣服上有油漆。He painted the wall light yellow.他把墙漆成浅黄色。party n.党派 passage n.通道,走廊 e.g.Sarah was waiting in the passage outside the doctors room.萨拉正在医生房间外的走廊等候。past n.过去
36、,昔日,往事 prep.走过某处 e.g.We know nothing of his past.我们一点也不知道他的过去。The boys ran past us.这些男孩子跑到我们前面去了。playground n.操场,运动场 pleasant adj.令人愉快的,舒适的 e.g.We spent a pleasant day in the country.我们在乡下度过了愉快的一天。please v.使人高兴,使人满意 e.g.Its difficult to please everybody.很难使每个人满意。He is pleased with his new job.他对新工作很
37、满意。pocket n.口袋 poor adj.不好的,差的 pork n.猪肉U practice v.练习,实践 e.g.You wont become a good singer if you dont practice singing.如果你不练习歌唱，你就不会成为一名好歌手。prove vt.证明 e.g.Can you prove where you were on May 3rd?你能证明你 5 月 3 日在何处吗？purse n.钱包 e.g.A heavy purse makes a light heart.谚袋里有钱,心里不慌。race n.种族,民族 rather adv
38、.相当,宁可(非黑)e.g.Id rather play tennis than swim.我宁愿打网球，不愿游泳。recite v.背诵 e.g.By the age of 5，he was able to recite over 300 Tang poems.到了五岁他就能背诵三百多首唐诗。recorder n.录音机 remain vi.余下,留下保持,仍是 e.g.Peter became a soldier but John remained a fisherman.彼得当了士兵，但约翰仍然是个渔民。How many weeks will you remain stay here?你
39、将在此停留几个星期?rest n.剩余的部分,其余的人(物)e.g.The rest of the evening passed pleasantly.晚上剩余的时间过得十分愉快 retell vt.重讲,重复,复述 right n.权利 adv.正确地,恰恰,完全地 e.g.The accident happened right over there.事故正好发生在那里。We want the same rights as the white people in the city.我们要求和这个城市的白人一样的权利。rope n.绳索 rose n.玫瑰花 round adv.转过来 pre
40、p.环绕一周,围着 e.g.Turn the picture round.将这幅画转过来。The children stood round the teacher.孩子们围着老师站着。rubber n.橡胶,合成橡胶U rule vt.统治,支配 e.g.Try not to let your heart rule your head.别让感情支配理智。The king has ruled the country for over 30 years.国王统治这个国家已有三十多年了。run vi.褪色 e.g.The color of this dress will not run when y
41、ou wash it.这裙子洗了也不会掉色。Russia n.俄罗斯,俄国 e.g.Alaska was bought from the Russians in 1867 阿拉斯加是在 1867 年从俄罗斯人手里购买的。sail n.航行 v.航行,开航 e.g.She sailed the boat without any help.她在没有任何帮助的情况下驾船航行。How many days sail is it from Dalian to Guangzhou?从大连到广州有几天的航程?satisfy v.使满意,满足,符合 e.g.I wasnt satisfied with our
42、treatment at that hotel.我不满意我们在那家旅馆受到的待遇。secretary n.秘书,书记 separate vt.使分开,使分离 e.g.A fence separated the cows from the pigs.围栏把奶牛和猪分开。set vt.释放,安置,设置 n.装备,设备 e.g.I set the table for dinner.我在桌上摆好餐具准备开 a bedroom set 一套卧室家具 a new set of false teeth 一副新的假牙饭。shelf(shelves)n.架子,搁板,隔层,大陆架 e.g.He took the
43、cup off the shelf.他把杯子从架子上拿走。ship vt.用船装运 e.g.The company ships its goods all over the world.公司把货物运往世界各地。shop n.车间 shower n.阵雨 e.g.The weather becomes cooler after a shower.阵雨之后天气凉快一些 sight n.情景,风景,视力 e.g.She lost her sight in an accident.她在一次事故中丧失了视力。The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world
44、.长城是世界名胜之一。single adj.单一的,单个的 e.g.a single room 单人房 a single bed 单人床 smart adj.时髦的 帅的 e.g.My sister always looks smart.我妹妹看上去总是很时髦。She always wears smart clothes.她总穿漂亮的衣服。soap n.肥皂 e.g.She washed her hands with soap.她用肥皂洗手。a cake of soap 一块肥皂 soldier n.士兵,战士 solid adj.结实的,固体的 n.固体 e.g.She had someth
45、ing to drink but she did not eat any solid food.她喝了一些饮料,但不吃任何固体食物。stairs n.楼梯 e.g.He walked up the stairs slowly.他慢慢地走上楼梯。steam n.汽,水蒸气 e.g.There was steam coming from the cooking-pot.水蒸汽从锅里冒出。stick(stuck,stuck)vi.粘住,钉住,坚持 e.g.Remember to stick a stamp on the letter.记得把邮票贴在信上。stick to ones words 遵守诺
46、言 straight adv.直接地 e.g.The children went straight home after school.孩子们放学后直接回家。Ill say it to you straight:youre wrong.我坦率地告诉你：你错了 study n.书房 subject n.题目,主题 主语 supper n.晚餐,晚饭 supply vt.&n.供给,供应 e.g.That company supplies paper to the printers.那家公司向印刷商提供纸张。symbol n.象征,标志,符号(非黑)tale n.故事,传说 tent n.帐篷(非
47、黑)thin adj.薄的,稀的 e.g.thin air 稀薄的空气 thin soup 稀汤 thought n.思考,思想,念头 e.g.After much thought he decided not to buy the car.经过仔细考虑后他决定不买汽车了。Shes a quiet girl and doesnt share her thoughts.她是个内向的女孩，不表露她的想法。tongue n.舌,舌头 e.g.Our tongue helps us to talk and to taste things.我们的舌头帮助我们说话，也帮助我们尝东西（的味道）。toothb
48、rush n.牙刷 toothpaste n.牙膏U towel n.毛巾 train v.培训,训练 e.g.Runners train for races.赛跑者为比赛而训练。treatment n.治疗,疗法 e.g.The doctors treatment saved his life.医生的治疗救了他一命。UK abbr.联合王国(小学)upon prep.在上面（其意与 on 相同，但语气较为正式，在口语中多用 on）e.g.The village stands upon a hill.这个村庄坐落在一座小山上。upstairs adv.在楼上,到楼上 used adj.用过的
49、e.g.Jack bought a used car at a low price.杰克以低价购买了一辆二手车。useless adj.无用的 e.g.This is a useless knife the handle has broken!这是把没用的小刀，刀把坏了。vehicle n.运输工具，车辆 e.g.Cars and trucks are vehicles.小汽车和大卡车是交通工具。way n.方式,手段 e.g.We had no way to get in touch with her.我们没办法联系上她。weak adj.差的,淡的 e.g.weak tea strong
50、tea Lucy is weak in geography.露西的地理学得不好。wheat n.小麦U wild adj.野蛮的,狂野的 e.g.He was roping a wild horse.他正在用套索套一匹野马。Shes wild about racing cars.她对赛车有狂热的兴趣 wine n.酒U wise adj.聪明的,英明的,有见识的 e.g.No one is wise at all time.智者千虑必有一失。课标中还有这些词（课本里出现过，考纲没有）France French hi stomachache toothache writer 词 组 a bit(