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1、 北师大版初三英语第15讲：unit 8 词汇篇学生版 第 2 页 Unit 8 词汇篇 _ _ 1.理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组 2.理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型 1.wish 希望 (1)wish 做动词时意为“想要，希望。wish to do sth./wish sb.to do sth.希望做某事/希望某人做某事，例如：I wish to see the manager.我希望见一见经理。All parents wish their children to be happy.所有的父母都希望自己的孩子开心。wish sb.+宾语补足语，例如：I wish you a happy jou
2、rney.希望你有个快乐的旅程。(2)wish 做名词意为“祝愿，例如：第 3 页 We all send our best wishes for the future.我们都对未来致以最好的祝愿。【知识拓展】wish 和 hope 的区别(1)hope 表示有可能实现的愿望；wish 表示实现的可能性较小的愿望。因此 hope 的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，wish的宾语从句可跟虚拟语气。例如：They hope that they will visit China some day.(will不能换成would)他们希望某天可以参观中国。How I wish I were a bird.(动词不
3、能用 hope)我多么希望自己是一只小鸟！(2)“希望某人做某事，应为“wish sb.to do sth.而不是“hope sb.to do sth.。(3)在祝福语种常有“wish sb.+宾语补足语，而 hope 没有这种用法。(4)在答语中通常有“hope so/hope not表示“希望如此/希望不是这样，wish 没有这种用法。第 4 页 第 5 页 The doctors were not able to treat his disease.医生治不了这种病。(3)款待，请客，常见短语 treat sb.to dinner。例如;Well treat you to dinner.
4、我们请你吃晚饭。4.succeed 成功 (1)succeed 表示“成功，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。例如：His plan succeeded.他的方案成功了。(2)succeed with sth.在某方面获得成功。例如：If you want succeed with your work,you must pay the price.如果想把你的工作做得成功，你必须付出代价。(3)succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。例如：She succeeded in getting the job.她成功谋得了那份工作。【知识拓展】success 表示抽象意义的“成功，不可数
5、名词。例如：第 6 页 I didnt have much success in finding a job.我找工作没什么结果。success 表示具体意义的“成功的人或事，可数名词。例如：He was a great success in business.他事业上很成功。successful 表示“成功的，形容词。例如：She is a successful writer.她是个成功的作家。successfully 表示“成功地，副词，例如：He finished the job successfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。5.fail 失败 fail to do sth.意为“未
6、能 做，没能 做，例如：The man failed to swim across the river.这个人没能游过这条河。failure 名词 Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之 第 7 页 母。6.yet 意为“还，尚，仍。(1)yet 通常用于现在完成时态的否认句和疑问句中，常放于句尾；already 用于现在完成时态的肯定句。例如：Have you heard from him yet?你收到他的信了吗？Has he come yet?他已经来了吗？Not yet.不，还没。(2)yet 作连词，表示转折，意为“但是，然而。例如：He sa
7、id he would be late,yet he arrived on time.他说他会迟到，但他却准时到了。7.lose weight 意为“减肥，例如：We should choose reasonable and wise methods to lose weight.我们应该选择明智合理的方法减肥。【与 weight 相关的词组】weight oneself 称体重 gain weight 体重增加 第 8 页 put on weight 体重增加 weight loss 减肥 8.not onlybut also 的特殊用法 (1)not onlybut also 连接句子时，
8、not only 可以置于句首表示强调，这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：Not only has he a first-class brain,but also he is a tremendously hard worker.他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子，而且工作时很能吃苦。(2)not onlybut also 结构一般只省略 also，但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略 but 的情形。例如：Not only was I tired,I was also cold.我不光困倦，还感到很冷。省去了 but 9.be able to 能，能够 able adj.有能力的；能够的。ability
9、n.能力 the ability to do sth.做某事的能力。capable adj.有能力的；be capable of doing 第 9 页 sth.有能力做某事。【be able to 与 can 的区别】两者表示能力时，是同义的。例如：She can/is able to speak two foreign languages.她能说两种外语。两者区别如下：(1)can 只有两种时态 can 和 could；be able to有多种时态，如 was/were able to;will be able to;has/have able to。例如：Ill be able to
10、drive the car in a week.一周之后，我就能开车了。(2)be able to 表示“通过某种努力做成了某事，而 can 没有这种用法。例如：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.所有人都能及时地逃出那场大火。(3)can 可以表示猜想或允许、请求，表允许时可以与 may 互换，be able to 那么不能。例如：Somebody is knocking at the door.Who can it be?有人在敲门，会是谁呢？第 10 页 -Can/May I sit here?-Yes,ple
11、ase.我可以做在这吗？可以，请坐。10.above all 最重要的是，尤其是。above all 表示“首先，尤其是，最重要的是，可放句首或句中。例如：Above all,tell me what I have to do.首先告诉我该做什么。He loves music,and above all classical music.他喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。【与 all 有关的词组】after all 毕竟 in all 总共 first of all 首先 all in all 总而言之，头等重要的 1.At last,he succeeded_ the problem.A.to so
12、lve B.solve C.solving D.in solving 2.-Im sorry,sir.Ive made a lot of mistakes in the exam.-Never mind._,the exam is a little difficult.第 11 页 A.In all B.First of all C.After all D.Above all 3.I failed _the maths problem.A.to work out B.work out C.working out D.worked out 4.At last,she _ sing this En
13、glish song after practicing it many times.A.can B.could C.be able to D.was able to 5.Dont always treat me_ a little kid.A.as B.for C.in D.with 6.Not only_ writes the words for the songs,but also he composes the music.A.he B.did he C.does he D.he does 7.At three oclock,they had not _decided whether t
14、o play basketball or not.第 12 页 A.already B.yet C.still D.even 8.She wondered _the children was doing.A.when B.what C.how D.where 根底演练 一、短语互译 1.传 给 _ 2.热 烈 欢 送_ 3.和 相 似_ 4.致 辞 _ 5.带 来 问 题_ 6.做 的 实 验_ 7.颁 奖 _ 8.各 种 各 样 的_ 9.继 续 做 某 事_ 10.from then on _ 11.get the chance to do sth._ 12.make great prog
15、ress_ 第 13 页 13.很荣幸做某事_ 14.在某方面有天赋_ 15.关于发现更多_ 二、根据句意和首字母提示或汉语提示完成单词 1.There are three l _in our school;we can do many experiments in physics class.2.No one can predict exactly what will happen in the next c_.3.What_(发现)have influenced our lives most?4.DNA is the b_ block of life.5.Li Huas grandfath
16、er has been d_for 20 years.稳固提高 根据中文提示完成句子每空一词 1.三个世纪前，许多孩子很小就死于不同的疾病。Three centuries ago,many children died very young _ _different diseases.第 14 页 2.我认为 X 射线是最重要的发现之一。I think X-ray is_ _ _ _ _discoveries.3.科学家用了多久发现了 DNA 的结构？How long _ _ _ scientists _discover DNAs structure?4.X 射线能用于透视箱内物品。X-rays
17、 can_ _ _see things inside suitcases.5.如果你对象棋感兴趣，可以参加象棋俱乐部。You can join the Chess Club if you_ _ _chess.6.让我们热烈欢送 Dr Brown 的到来。_ _a warm round of applause to Dr.Brown.7.决定谁该获奖不是很难。_ _ _ _decide who will win the award.8.我想对我的家人表示感谢。第 15 页 I want to _ _ _ my families.9.相信大家都能想象得出 Dr.Brown 非常忙。_ _you c
18、an imagine Dr.Brown is a very busy man.10.我不仅对 3A 班，而且对我校所有的年轻科学家们取得的成绩表达深深地敬意。I have great respect for the achievements of_ _class 3A _ _ all the young scientists at our school.一、单项选择 1.I can see new progress as it has grown _than before.A.tall B.taller C.the tallest D.tallest 2.The little tree con
19、tinued _ taller.A.to grow B.grows C.grow D.growing 第 16 页 3.Green leaves have grown on the new plants,_they have not fully grown.A.because B.and C.but D.so 4.-Will you fix up the machine according to the _,David?-No problem.A.instructions B.inventions C.invitations D.interviews 5.You have to be _and
20、 wait until I finish my work.A.patient B.strict C.honest D.active 6.I really enjoyed your speech,_ there were some parts I didnt quite understand.A.because B.unless C.though D.after 7.The boy looked_ because he didnt pass his maths exam.第 17 页 A.sad B.sadness C.saddest D.sadly 8.At school,we are tau
21、ght _knowledge _how to behave well.A.neither;nor B.either;or C.not only;but also D.not;but 9.The“teacher-free exam means that students take their exams_ teachers.Students must be more honest.A.with B.without C.against D.through 10.Seeing my pot with potatoes under the soil,I wonder _later.A.how fast
22、 will it grow B.how fast did it grow C.how fast it will grow D.how fast it grew 二、完形填空 第 18 页 It all started at the beginning of the ninth grade.Carmen found she couldnt found she couldnt see things 1 all the time.She became very worried,but she hoped 2 would know that.When her mother asked her to s
23、ee the eye doctor,she didnt 3 .But her mothers mind was made up.Three days later,Carmen got new glasses and instructions from her doctor.“All of the kids will think Im silly.Carmen said.Her mother 4 and shook her head.“You look just as beautiful as before,she said.But Carmen didnt believe her.The ne
24、xt day,Carmen kept the 5 in her pocket as she walked into the schoolyard.Suddenly,she heard her friend Theresa shout.Carmen ran over to the other girls.“Whats the matter?she asked.“My ring is gone!Theresa cried.“My sister sent it to me from California.Its very 6 and I cant lose it.Carmen and her fri
25、ends began to 7 the ring in the grassy area of the playground.Carmen realized that she could do better if she could see better.She took the glasses out and put them on.第 20 页 6.A.special B.common C.cheap D.heavy 7.A.ask for B.wait for C.look for D.pay for 8.A.new B.dirty C.strange D.different 9.A.ea
26、rs B.eyes C.feet D.hands 10.A.still B.ever C.never D.often _ _ 一、单项选择 1.Im hungry.I want_ to eat.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing 第 22 页 A.What B.When C.Who D.Where 7.Bill is very popular and he is _student in the class.A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.most outgoing D.the most outgoing 8.-_
27、you please buy a newspaper for me?-Sure.A.Could B.Must C.Need D.May 9.Bob_a lot since we met last year.A.changes B.changed C.has changed D.will change 10.The International Kite Festival _ in Weifang every year.A.holds B.held C.is held D.was held (附：6-10，2022 年海淀区九年级英语期中考试试题)二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)第 23 页 11
28、.经常做实验，对我们学习理科有好处。Doing experiments regularly_ our study on science.12.乘车时我总是将座位让给需要的人。I always_anyone who needs them on the bus.13.我认为参加课外活动很重要。I think_the after-class activities.14.芸芸父母的身体不好。她既要上学还要帮助他们做家务。Yunyuns parents are in poor health.She_goes to school _helps her parents do the housework.15
29、.我给同学们展示如何打篮球。I _ play basketball.三、翻译以下句子 16.These discoveries werent made easily.第 24 页 _ 17.Its an honor to be here tonight as we present the award._ 18.Now,lets give a warm round of applause to our chairman._ 19.我认为我需要更耐心点才能完成这件事。_ 20.看到新生命诞生，真是件令人快乐的事。_ 四、完形填空 An Imperfect Painting 第 25 页 My pa
30、rents always wanted me to be“on top,so from early on I had the 21 to be the best in everything,from getting the highest score in a spelling test to running fastest in a race.In middle school,I realized how many other smarter and faster people there were,It became 22 that I was not the best any more,
31、but my parents still held on to their hope and forced me to try hard.To their disappointment,I became less confident and didnt want to work harder because,to me,there was no point in making any more 23 if I was unable to be number one.My grades began to fall;I never practiced the piano;I 24 painting
32、.It was all because motivation(动力to do anything had dropped much.When high school started,I was at a new school in a new city.I 25 to get back my motivation and start over.So I picked up my ever favorite hobby again and enrolled(报名)myself in the art course,26 our art teacher,Mr.Grady,gave us more fr
33、eedom with our art projects.He would always encourage us to realize our potential(潜力).第 26 页 My first painting was simply a bee sitting on a sunflower,I tried my best,but still found it hard to feel satisfied with it.I knew it was not 27 and could hardly get a good grade.But I showed it to Mr.Grady.
34、He didnt 28 it in a rush.Instead,he gave me advice which only motivated me to work harder on it.For the first time I was happy with the 29 of my painting rather than disappointed about its imperfection.I finished all the other projects with higher grades,but I hung the first painting in my room at t
35、he end of the term.My parents thought 30 me to be number one would motivate me.Instead,it discouraged me much when I was not number one,for I had gone to school only to get a grade,not knowledge,let alone progress.Actually,it is okay not to be the best at everything as long as you continue to try yo
36、ur best.21.A.ability B.chance C.goal D.way 22.A.strange B.obvious C.acceptable D.impossible 第 27 页 23.A.efforts B.choices C.promises D.wishes 24.A.regretted B.considered C.continued D.stopped 25.A.failed B.refused C.decided D.waited 26.A.Naturally B.Similarly C.Normally D.Luckily 27.A.famous B.moder
37、n C.perfect D.special 28.A.name B.grade C.hang D.finish 29.A.progress B.meaning C.style D.title 30.A.instructing B.helping C.encouraging D.pushing 五、阅读理解 A What would happen if you tried to blow a soap bubble in freezing weather?Would it freeze solid(固体)and fall to the ground?Would you have to hit i
38、t to break it?These questions happened to me on a 第 28 页 cold winter day.It was too cold to play in the snow,but it was a perfect time to experiment with blowing frozen bubbles.To blow frozen bubbles,I used dishwashing soap and a drop of glycerin甘油 to make it even better.I chose a place out of the w
39、ind,and blew bubbles the same way I always do.I watched to see what would happen.Heres what I learned.If the temperature is low enough,the skin of the bubbles frosts over(结霜),becoming cloudy instead of clear.And what about those rainbow swirls 旋转you see in soap bubbles?The rainbow colors stay even w
40、hen the bubbles frost,but they dont swirl anymore.The bubbles still stay in the air.They dont fall to the ground any faster than they would on a warm summer day.When these frozen bubbles break,they dont turn into small water drops as summer bubbles do.They turn into flashing rainbow confetti 碎屑 and
41、move slowly to the ground.Sometimes a frozen bubble will roll across the snow without breaking.If nothing disturbs the bubble,it may stay there for a 第 29 页 long time.Sometimes I could catch a bubble and hold it until the heat of my hand made it pop.I learned another thing about blowing frozen bubbl
42、es.Its so interesting that I want to try it again next year.31.It is the perfect time to blow frozen bubbles on a _day.A.cold winter B.warm spring C.hot summer D.sunny autumn 32.When the frozen bubbles break,_.A.they make a big sound B.they turn into small drops C.they fall to the ground like rain D
43、.they become rainbow confetti 33.The purpose of the passage is _.A.to learn how to do a science experiment 第 30 页 B.to show the experiment of blowing frozen bubbles C.to discover games that are fun to play in the snow D.to invent a new kind of soap that makes stronger bubbles B Michelle,a famous lad
44、y,has found that more than 25%students are too fat in her country.It is a very serious problem.So she starts a health program to deal with it.The health program is to reduce the amount(数量)of fat students today and in the future.The program will get families,schools,newspapers,magazines and TVs to jo
45、in together and deal with the students obesity(肥胖症)so that students will be at a healthier weight.The program includes:Food stores should sell healthier foods.Schools should serve healthier meals with less fat and should also offer gym classes.The lady is trying to fight the students obesity all ove
46、r the country because it can cause illnesses 第 31 页 and higher health cost.She wants the students to eat right,exercise more and control their weight.She also wants the students to understand it is important to have less sweet food,and drink water,milk and fresh juices,but not to choose cokes.At the
47、 same time she has also set a good example by planting a vegetable garden.She hopes that the garden will encourage more people to plant one,too.The health program is really helpful to the students today and in the future.As she says,we cannot always build the future for youth,but we can build our yo
48、uth for the future.34.In Michelles country over of the students are too fat.A.75%B.a quarter C.a half D.15%35.What does the lady want the shops to do?A.To offer gym classes.B.To plant a vegetable garden.C.To serve meals with less fat.D.To sell healthier foods.第 32 页 36.Michelle encourages fat students to have .A.more vegetables B.sweet food C.many cokes D.much fat 37.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.The lady introduces healthy drinks.B.The lady cares about food cost.C.The lady fights obesity in students.D.The lady feel worried about the height.