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1、状语从句状语从句状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语,修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词动词、形容词、副词或句子句子。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。1 1、时间状语从句、时间状语从句2 2、地点状语从句、地点状语从句3 3、原因状语从句、原因状语从句4 4、目的状语从句、目的状语从句5 5、结果状语从句、结果状语从句6 6、条件状语从句、条件状语从句7 7、方式状语从句、方式状语从句8 8、让让步状语从句步状语从句9 9、比比较状语从句较状语从句种类种类时时间间状状语语从从句句从属连词从属连词例例句句说说明明When I came into the room，he waswritin
2、g a letter.when 指的是“某一具体的时当我进屋时，他正在写信。间”.We shall go there whenever we arewhenever 指的是“在任何一free。个不具体的时间”。我们什么时间有空,我们就去那里。I was walking along the street whenwhen 意为“这时或“在那个suddenly someone patted me on the时候”，可以看作是并列句，shoulder from behind。我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后这种用法的 when 分句一般位于句末。面拍我的肩膀。While it was rainin
3、g，they went out。while 指“在某一段时间里”，天下雨的时候，他们出去了.I stayed while he was away.“在期间”,while 引导的动他不在的时候我在.作必须是持续性的。All of us are working hard while while he issleeping.（然而：并列连词)He hurried home，looking behind ashe went.as（一边。一边）引导持续他赶快回家，一边走一边向后看。性动作,强调主句和从句的动As time goes by，I like China better。作同时发生；随着.随着时间
4、的流逝，我越来越喜欢中国。Be a pupil before you become ateacher。before 译为“在之前，才，先做学生，再做先生。就”I finished my task before I went home。我做完作业才回家.He arrived after the game started。比赛开始后，他到了.We waited till（until）he came back。我们一直等到他回来。如主句动词是持续性动作持续性动作，常She didnt stop working until eleven用肯定式,表示“直到为oclock。止”；如主句动词是瞬间动词瞬间
5、动词,她到 11 点钟才停止工作.要用否定式，表示“直才”Until he had passed out of sight，she“在以前不”，从句放在句stood there。首表示强调，一般用 until她站在那里看着,直到看不见他的身影.whenwhenever比较比较并列连词whenwhileasbeforeaftertilluntil第 1 页 共 5 页地地点点状状语语从从句句原原因因状状语语从从句句Great changes have taken place in 主句动词应为持续性持续性的，从句China since 1978。动词为瞬间瞬间的。since自从 1978 年以来
6、中国发生了巨大的状语从句在主句之前时一般变化。用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,Illwrite to you.我一到上海就给你写信.Ihad hardly got home when it began toas soon asrain。hardlywhen我刚一到家,就下雨了。=Hardly had I hardlywhen 和 no soonerno soonergot home when it began to rain。than 的意义相当于 as soon as,thanNo sooner had we
7、 got to the station 但只表示过去发生的事情，主the moment,than the train left。句为过去完成时,从句为过去the instant,我们刚到车站，火车就走了。时，如 hardly 或 no sooner 位the second，Hardly had we begun when we were于句首时语气强，而且主句的immediately,told to stop。谓语要用部分倒装。directly,我们刚开始就被叫停。instantlyThe moment I heard the song，I feltcheerful.我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉
8、快every time，Every time I traveled by boat,I got在时间状语从句中，不能用将each timeseasick。来时或过去将来时,而要用一last time我每次乘船都晕船。next time。般现在时或一般过去时代替by the time，Next time you come，youll see him.将来时。下次你来的时候，就会见到他。Where there is a will,there is a way。有志者，事竟成。Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命.where与wherever意
9、义基本相whereYou are free to go wherever you want同,但后者语气较强，多用于whereverto.书面语。你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。Wherever you go,you must obey thelaw。无论你去哪都要遵守法律.I came back late yesterday because I because 用来回答 why 的问was on duty。because题，语气最强一般放在主句之昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。后Since everyone is here，lets begin our since 表示既然或全已知的理meeti
10、ng.since由,稍加分析即可表明的原因，既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。多放句首As he didnt know much English,helooked up the word in the dictionary。从句常放在句首，说明次要的as由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查原因，主句说明结果，常用于比较：阅这个单词.口语中。并列连词并列连词 forforIt must have rained last night，for thefor 连接的是并列句。ground is still wet.昨天一定下过雨,地第 2 页 共 5 页now that，seeing that，conside
11、ringthat，目目的的状状语语从从句句so thatin order thatlest=for fearthat结结果果状状语语从从句句，so thatsothatsuchthat条条件件状状语语从从句句ifunlessas/so long asin caseso/as far ason conditionthatprovided that还湿呢。Now（that)the weather has clearedup，we can start our journey.considering that,seeing(that)，鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。now that 和 since
12、 意义相似，Seeing(that）he was badly ill,we sent都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，for the doctor。that 可以省去.鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。I shall write down your telephonenumber so that I may not forget。我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记.Well tell you the truth so that you can目的状语从句中常用情态动词 may(might)canjudge for yourself。我把真实情况告诉你，以便你能自己（could）,should 等
13、放在动词之前,从句往往放在主句之做出判断.主从句之间不用任何标点They worked harder than usual in order 后，that they could finish the work ahead of 符号。注意 so that 和 in ordertime.that与so as to和in order to的他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提转换.前完成工作。Put on more clothes lest(=for fearthat)you should should catch cold。多穿点衣服，以免以免患感冒。We turned up the radio，s
14、o thateveryone heard the news。so that 前有逗号为结果状语我们把收音机的音量放大,结果大家从句。都听到了新闻。sothat 的 so 后面跟形容词He was so excited that he couldnt say或副词，但是何时接名词何时接名词？a word.他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来.He gave such important reasons that hewas excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。suchthat 的 such 后面跟名It is such an interesting novel that all
15、of词，如果名词是单数就要用us want to read it.It is so interesting a novel that all of ussuch a/anthat 还可以转换用 sothat,语气较强want to read it.这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。Difficulties are nothing if we are notunless 从句的谓语只能用肯afraid of them.定式.unless 和 ifnot 同如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什义,unless 是书面语，ifnot么了。是口语，通常二者可以换用.We shall go there t
16、omorrow unless it条件状语从句中的谓语动词rains.除非除非下雨，否则否则我们明天就去那里。的时态一般要用现在时或过=We shall go there tomorrow if it去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。doesnt rain。第 3 页 共 5 页So long as you work hard,you willsucceed.只要努力，你就会成功.只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。In case I forget,please remind meabout it。万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。So far as I know,the book will bepubli
17、shed next month。据我所知，那本书下月出版.Provided that you pay back money，you wont be put into prison.Draw a cat as I taught you yesterday.方方按照我昨天教你的画只猫。式式Do as you are told to.状状按照人家告诉你做的去做.语语She looks as if she is ill。此处 as 译为，按照或正如从从看上去她好像是生病了。as if 或 as though 的意义和用as句句as ifHe acted as if(though）nothing had
18、 法基本一样。从句中可以用现as thoughhappened.在时表示可能符合事实，也可他的行动就好像什么也没有发生.以用虚拟语气。They treat the black boy as if（though）he were an animal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口.Although（Though）he was over让让sixty，(yet）he began to learn 在句子中一般用了在句子中一般用了“虽然”“虽然”就就步步French。不能再用“但是”不能再用“但是”（butbut）但可）但可状状虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法 以与以与 yetyet 或或 stil
19、lstill 连用连用.though/though语语although语。although 意义相同，用法基本从从We were not tired though（although）一样,前者通俗，口语化，后句句we had worked all day。者正式多放主句的前面.虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累.Ill go even if（though)it rains even if 和 even though 的意思tomorrow.为“即使”“纵使”有退一步even ifeven though即使明天下雨，我也要去.设想的意味,多用于书面语中。Child as he is，he knows
20、a lot。虽然他是一个孩子,但他懂得很多。as 引出的状语从句多用于书面语,它比用Cold as it is,(=Though it is cold,）theaschildren play outdoors.though 或 although 引导的从虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。句，语气强，更有表现力,从Try as you might,you cant catch me。句常放在句首,语序部分倒装.尽管努力，你也抓不到我。Do it no matter what others say。no matter与 who-ever 引no matter(who,不管别人怎么说，尽管干。导的让步
21、状语从句意义基本what when，No matter how busy he was，he 一 样，no matter引导的where which,从句可是以位于主句前或主how）studied English every day。不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。句后。第 4 页 共 5 页比比较较状状语语从从句句No matter who takes up the matter forme,I shall be very grateful。不管谁为我处理这件事,我都将非常感激。Whatever happens/may happen,we whever 从句中的动词有时shall not
22、lose heart.可以和 may 连用.判断 whwhever无论发生什么,我们都不要失去信心.ever 引导的是状语从句还是（whateverWhoever comes，he will be welcome.名词性从句的一点是，名词性whoever无论谁来，都会受到欢迎.从句，主句中一定有一个成分whenever要在从句担任,一般从句与主whichever句之间没有逗号。however）不可将 no matter 与 whever连用Mary is as old as my sister。玛利和我姐姐一样大。He doesnt run so（as)fast as Jackasasnot
23、so/as（does).连词表示同程度级的比较，肯as他不如杰克跑得那样快.定句用 asas 否定句可用notthe sameHis book is the same as mine。asas 或 not soasas他的书和我的一样。suchasHenry is not such a good worker asPeter。享利这个工人不如彼得那样好.She has made greater progress this yearthan she did last year。她今年比去年进步更大。表示不同程度之比较，主句中He bought fewer books than I(did).th
24、an用比较级的形容词或副词。他买的书比我买的少。He runs less fast than me。他没有我跑得快。The more you read,the better youunderstand.你看的书越多,你懂得的就越多。the morethe more 意思为The more tickets you sell,the more越越，通常的语序为从句money you will get.你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。在前主句在后,这两个 the 都the more用在比较The harder you work，the greater是表示程度的副词，the moreprogress you will make。级的形容词或副词前面。你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。句子意思明显,句子的主语和动词都可省略。The sooner,the better.越快越好.The warmer，the better。越暖和越好。第 5 页 共 5 页