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1、过去进行时一 定义及结构定义表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态.结构was/were+Ving二句型结构句型肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它We were having supper when the phone rang否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它答语：Yes,主语+was/were.或 No主语+wasnt/weren t.Were you playing basketball a
2、t four yesterday afternoonYes,we were./No,we werent.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它What were you doing at four yesterday afternoon时间标志this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at that time.last night,last saturday或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用My brother fell while h
3、e was riding his bicycle and hurt himself;It was raining when they left the station;When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.口诀主语在前were/was 在后,现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢.变一般很简单,把 were/was 提到句子前,否定句也不难,be 后要把 not 添.还有一点要注意,动作提问doing 替.三过去进行时的用法用
4、法用法例句1.表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作时间标志：then,at that time,when,while,as等.He fell asleep when he was reading.2.表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事.用于 come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作.He told me（that）he was going soon.3.表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与always,forever,continually,often,constantly
5、等副词连用They were always quarrelling.The girl was always changing her mind.4.表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气【注】一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更加不肯定如想问起一段时间怎样度过时.用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌.I was wondering if you can give me a lift.What were you doing before you came here（你来这里之前做什么工作）要比 What did you do before you came here听起
6、来有礼貌。另一方面,What were you doing in my room（你在我的房间里干什么来着）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里.但 What did you do in my room却毫无这种含义5.动词 be 的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态补充：when 的后面加一般过去时,而且动比较：He was friendly.他很友好（过去长期如此）He was being friendly.他当时显得很友好（指当词是短暂性动词,while 的后面加过去进行时,动词是延续性动词同省同留时一时的表现）6.过去进行时还可以和when 结构遥相呼应,含有意
7、外之意I was walking in the street when someone called me.不宜使用现在进行时的动词（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,think,know,hope,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need,prefer（B）表存在的状态的动词：appear,exist,lie,remain,seem belong to,depend on,own,be（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete（D）表
8、示感官的动词系动词时：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look但是,做实意动词动词时,可以用现在进行时.如果 hear 不表示“听见”的意思时,可用进行时.They are hearing an English lecture.他们在听一个英语讲座.The doll feels very soft.（系动词）注意have（has）当“拥有”讲时,无进行时态.但当 have（has）当“吃饭、开会?玩得愉快?”等意思时,可用进行时.We are having a good time.我们玩得很愉快.when、while、as 用法作用例句when可与
9、延续性和短暂性动词连用.Sorry,I was out when you called me.（call为短暂性动词）when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前,之后或同时When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.（finish先发生）发生.When I got to the airport,the guests had left.（got to后发生）在将来时从句中,常用 when,且从句需用一般时代替将来时.（主将从现）You shall borrow the book when I have finished read
10、ing it.When the manager comes here for a visit next week,I ll talk with him about this.when用于表示“一.就.”的句型中（指过去的事）Sb had hardly/scarcely done sth.when=Hardly/Scarcely had sb done sth.whenI had hardly/scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly/scarcely had I closed my eyes when so
11、meone knocked at the door.Be doing.whenBe about to do.whenHad just done.whenWe were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to go out/on the point of going out when it suddenly began to rain heavily.He had just finished his work when the clock struck 12.as只和延续性动词连用.The student took note
12、s as they listened.（listen为延续性动词）as 从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.She came up as I was cooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)主从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as,这时 as 表示“随着.”“一边.一边.”As the time went on,the weather got worse.（随着）The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the h
13、eight increases.（随着）As years to by,China is getting stronger and richer.（随着）The little girls sang as they went.（一边.一边.）The sad mother sat on the roadside,shouting as she was crying.（一边.一边.）while只和延续性动词连用.Strike while the iron is hot.（is 为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态）while从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.While he is writing
14、 on his textbook,I am eating an apple.(同时发生)表示转折You like tennis,while Id rather read.（然而）主句和从句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,三者都可以使用When/While/As we are dancing,a stranger came in.（dance 是延续性动词）When/While/As she was making a phone call,I was writing a letter.（make为延续性动词）四过去进行时与一般过去时的区别过去进行时与一般过去时的区别时态一般过去时过去进行
15、时动作完成否表示某一动作已经完成She wrote a letter to her friend last night.（信写完了）表示动作在持续或未完成（延续性动词）She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在给朋友写信（信不一定写完）时间标志句中有 a moment ago 之类的短语一般用一般过去时句中有 at this time last Sunday,from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时五 现在分词的变化规则现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing.直接加、去e 加、双写加.
16、还有一点要注意ie 要用 y 来替.现在分词变化规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwash,catch,sleep,study,work,jump,go,push,play,cook,look,speak.washing,catching,sleeping,studying,working,jumping,going,pushing,playing,cooking,looking,speaking.以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，先去掉 e,再加-ingmake,ride,take,dance,write,arrive,drive,move,live,come,have.making
17、,riding,taking,dancing,writing,arriving,driving,moving,living,coming,having.以重读闭音节（重读闭音节是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音）结尾的动词，如 果 末 尾 只 有 一 个 辅 音 字母,应先双写这个字母,再加-ingsit,get,swim,cut,put,begin,open,listen,stop,run,fit,forget.sitting,getting,swimming,cutting,beginning,opening,listening,stopping,running,fitting,forg
18、etting.少数几个以ie 结尾的动词，要变 ie 为 y,再加-ingtie,die,lietying,dying,lying.以 ic 结尾的动词,要把 ic 变成 ick 再加 ingpicnictrafficpicnickingtrafficking【大展身手】1 Hey，look where you are going!0h，I m terribly sorry A I m not noticing B 1 wasn t noticing CI havent noticed DI dont notice2He his leg when he in a football match
19、against another schoo1 Abroke；played B was breaking；was playing Cbroke；was playing D was breaking；played3 Excuse me，sir Would you do me a favor of courseWhat is itI if you could tell me how to fill out this form Ahad wondered Bwas wondering Cwould wonder D did wonder4Mary a dress when she cut her fi
20、ngerAmake Bis making Cwas making DMakes5The last time I Jane she cotton in the fields Ahad seen；was picking B saw；picked Chad seen；picked D saw；was picking6Tom into the house when no one Aslipped；was looking B had slipped；lookedCslipped；had looked D was slipped；looked7.The reporter said that the UFO
21、 _east to west when be saw it.（2000全国）Awas travelling Btravelled C had been traveling Dwas to travel.8.You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh,I _ for a friend from England at the airport.（04 福建）Awas waiting B had waited Cam waiting Dhave waited9.Sorry to have interrupted you.Please go on.Wh
22、ere was I You _ you didn t like your fathers job.（04 北京春季）A.had said B.said C.were saying D.had been saying10.What s wrong with your coat Just now when I wanted to get off the bus,the man next to me _ on it.（05重庆卷）A.sat B.had sat C.had been sitting D.was sitting11.The manager had fallen asleep where
23、 he _,without undressing.（05 安徽卷）A.was laying B.was lying C.had laid D.had lied12.Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _.（05 辽宁卷）Ahas done Bhad done Cwas doing Dis doing13.Has Jack finished his homework yet I have no idea；he it this mor
24、ning.A.was doing B.had been doing C.has done D.did14.Did he notice you enter the room I don t think so.Heto the radio with his eyes shut.A.listened B.was listening C.has listened D.had listened15.Look at this!I some magazines and this letter.A.was looking through；found B.am looking through；find C.lo
25、oked through；had found D.had looked through；finding 16.Can you give me the right answer Sorry,I .Would you repeat that questionA.hadn t listened B.haven t listened C.dont listen D.wasnt listening17.Remember the first time we met,Jim Of course I do.You in the library.A.were reading B.had read C.have read D.read18.Good heavens!There you are!We anxious about you,and we you back throughout the night.A.are；expect B.were；had expectedC.have been；were expecting D.are；were expectingKeys：1-5 BCBCD 6-10 AAACD 11-12 BCABA 16-17 DAC