地球上的大气必背知识点总结.pdf

《地球上的大气必背知识点总结.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《地球上的大气必背知识点总结.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、1 地球上的大气必背知识点总结第一节冷热不均引起的大气运动1.大气受热过程太阳辐射地面吸收地面增温地面辐射大气吸收大气辐射大气逆辐射2.大气温室效应原理：包括大气的温室作用（大气对地面长波辐射吸收强烈）和大气逆辐射的补偿作用3.气温的水平分布全球气温的水平分布规律a、气温从低纬向高纬递减规律；b、南半球的等温线比北半球平直；c、北半球1 月份大陆等温线向南（低纬）凸出，海洋上则向北凸出（高纬凸出）；7 月份大陆等温线向北凸出，海洋上向南凸出。南半球1 月份大陆向南，7 月份大陆向北（冷的时候找热的地方，热的时候找冷的地方）；d、7月份世界最热的地方是北纬20 30的撒哈拉沙漠地区；1 月份，西

2、伯利亚是全球的寒冷中心，世界极端最低气温出现在南极大陆4.气温的影响因素：太阳辐射a、纬度位置决定太阳高度度的大小；b、季节：比较太阳高度和昼夜长短的季节差异；c、大气密度和天气状况影响大气的削弱作用和保温作用的强弱.大气环流：如北半球受偏北风影响气温低；受偏南风影响气温高；地面状况：海陆位置、沿海洋流、地势高低、迎（背）风坡等因素；人类活动：森林、水库、城市等因素5.等温线分布图的判读南北半球的判断：气温由低纬向高纬递减，向南温度升高的是北半球，反之是南半球；等温线不能相交，两条相邻的等温线可以相差一个温度等值距，也可以相等；等温线越密集，表示温度变化越大；两条等温线之间的闭合曲线：高于高的

3、，是高温中心，对应地形为洼地；低于低的，是低温中心，对应地形为山丘。等温线的走向若等温线与纬线平行，是受太阳辐射影响；若与海岸线平行，是受海陆位置影响；若等温线与等高线平行（如与山脉走向高原边缘平行），是受地形地势影响；等温线的弯曲大气对流层中，气温的水平分布规律是由赤道向两极递减，同纬度地区，南、北半球等温线遇高地向低纬凸出，遇低地向高纬凸出。南半球等温线遇山地向北弯曲，北半球遇山地向南弯曲；A、在陆地上，等温线向低纬方向弯曲，则弯曲处地势较高，气温较低；等温线向高纬方向弯曲，则弯曲处地势较低，气温较高。B、在海洋上，某海区，等温线若是凸向高纬度表示该海区水温高于两侧海区，有暖流经过；某海区

4、等温线凸向低纬度，表示该海区水温低于两侧海区有寒流经过；C、等温线经过海陆相间地区时，1 月大陆等温线向南凸出，海洋等温线向背凸出；7 月大陆等温线向北凸出，海洋等温线向南凸出。根据等温线判断地貌闭合等温线分布区域中如果等温线数值从里向外递减，即内高外低（气温），则地形一般为盆地地形，反之则为山地。6.气温垂直分布2 一般规律正常情况下，气温随高度增加而递减。海拔每升高100 米，气温下降约 0.6，但在下垫面性质、季节、气象等因素影响下，会发生一些变化逆温现象在一定条件下，对流层中也会出现气温随高度增加而上升的现象，或者地面上随高度的增加，降温变化率小于0.6.称为逆温。逆温现象与大气污染逆

5、温层的存在，造成对流层大气局部上热下冷，大气层结构稳定，阻碍了空气垂直运动的发展，使大量烟尘、水汽凝结物等聚焦在它下面，易产生大雾天气，使能见度变坏，尤其是工业区上空，凝结核多，易产生雾霾天气，有的甚至还造成严重大气污染事件，如光化学烟雾等7热力环流形成：太阳辐射（能量来源）近地面冷热不均（根本原因）气流的垂直运动（上升或下沉）近地面和高空在水平面上气压的差异（直接原因）大气的水平运动形成高低空热力环流8水平运动规律：一个力作用（气压梯度力作用）：风向与等压线垂直，由高压指向低压；二力作用（水平气压梯度力、地转偏向力）：风向与等压线平行，由高压方向左偏90（南半球）或右偏90（北半球）；三力作

6、用（气压梯度力、地转偏向力、摩擦力）：风向与等压线呈夹角（气压梯度力与等压线垂直，地转偏向力与风向垂直，摩擦力与风向相反）9.风向的判断规律：风向是指风来的方向。找高低压，定气压梯度方向，由高压指向低压定半球判断地转偏向力方向南左北右画风向与气压梯度力方向呈45 度即风向10.常见热力环流：城市风、海陆风（海陆热力性质差异）、山谷风等11.等压面的判读垂直递减：同一地点，随着高度增加气压降低。“高凸低凹”：因地面冷热不均，导致同一水平面出现气压差异，进而使等压面即文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3

7、T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q

8、6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G

9、4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4

10、X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S

11、5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL1

12、0G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9

13、R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G23 等压面凸向高处为高压，凹向低处为低压。“高低相反”：近地面与高空高低气压相反，等压面凹凸方向相反。12.等压线的判读：等压线的排列和数值低压中心，等压线数值中心小四周大；高压中心，等压线数值中心大，四周小高压脊，由高压中心向低压突出的部分。低压槽，由低压中心向高压突出的部分等压线的疏密程度（决定风力大小）等压线密集气压梯度力大风力大；等压线疏密气压梯度力大风力小。风压定律（北半球）：背风而

14、立，低压在左前方，高压在右后方；迎风而立，高压在右前方，低压在左后方第二节气压带和风带1.三圈环流的形成：主要影响因素是高低纬受热不均和地转偏向力2.气压带、风带的名称、位置和成因：气压带、风带的名称、位置气压带、风带的分布规律：气压带高低相间分布；气压带、风带南北对称分布。气压带、风带的成因分析：赤道低压带、极地高压带热力原因形成；副热带高压带、副极地低压带动力原因形成。风带在高低气压带之间，水平气压梯度力使风从高压吹向低压，地转偏向力偏转后形成。3.气压带、风带的移动规律判断季节气压带、风带位置随太阳直射点的移动而发生季节变化，就北半球而言，气压带、风带位置大致是夏季北移，冬季南移。文档编

15、码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V

16、6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7

17、 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文

18、档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J

19、9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6

20、X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G

21、2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G24 4.气压带与风带影响下的世界降水的地区差异5.气压带与风带影响下的世界气候的地区差异热带雨林气候赤道地区气流上升，终年高温多雨热带草原气候赤道低气压与东北信风交替控制热带沙漠气候副热带高压与东北信风带交替控制地中海气候副热带高压与西风带交替控制温带海洋气候西风带控制

22、亚寒带针叶林气候受极地气团控制苔原气候受极地气团或冰洋气候控制冰原气候受冰洋气团控制热带季风气候亚热带季风气候温带季风气候受冬夏季风交替控制温带大陆性气候距海远终年受大陆气团控制6.海陆分布对气压带、风带的影响大陆上：亚洲低压（印度低压）7 月，副热带高压被切断大陆的亚洲低压切断海洋上：太平洋高压（夏威夷高压）海陆热力大西洋高压（亚速尔高压）性质的差异显著大陆上：亚洲高压（蒙古西伯利亚高压）1 月，副极地低压被大陆的亚洲高压切断海洋上：太平洋低压（阿留申低压）大西洋低压（冰岛低压）7.东亚季风和东南亚季风的比较东亚南亚主要成因海陆热力性质差异气压带、风带季节移动（为主）和海陆热力性质差异风向源

23、地及性质冬西北季风，亚欧大陆内部，寒冷干燥东北季风，亚欧大陆，温暖干燥夏东南季风，副热带太平洋，高温湿润西南季风，印度洋，高温湿润8.从冬夏季风的风向、源地和性质分析对气候的影响受控气压带与风带大气运动状况降水多少与类型赤道多雨带赤道低压带上升为主多，对流雨为主副热带少雨带副热带高气压带下沉为主少，大陆东岸例外温带多雨带西风带和副极地低压多锋面、气旋活动多，锋面雨与气旋雨极地少雨带极地高气压带下沉为主少文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9

24、V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X

25、7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2

26、文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8

27、J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T

28、6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6

29、G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4

30、O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G25 东亚南亚温带季风气温亚热带季风气候热带季风气候气温7 月高温高温高温1 月寒冷、0暖热，150降水冬少较少干季：10 月-次年 5 月夏多，集中在7、8 月多，集中在 6-9 月雨季，6-9 月全年500-600mm 800mm 1500-2000mm 第三节天气与气候1.冷锋、暖锋、准静止锋和天气的分析对比类型冷锋暖锋准静止锋气团运动特征冷气团长驱直入，暖气团被迫抬升暖气团主动爬升，冷气团被迫后退冷暖气团热力相当，锋面来回移动锋面坡度较大较小很小天

31、气图锋面符号雨区位置主要在锋后暖锋前部延伸到锋后很大范围天气特征过境前单一暖气团控制，温暖晴朗单一冷气团控制，低温晴朗单一气团控制，天气晴朗过境时暖气团被冷气团抬升，常出现阴天、雨雪、刮风、降温等天气暖气团沿冷气团徐徐爬升，冷却凝结产生连续性云雨天气或雾暖气团平衡抬升或爬升，形成阴雨连绵天气文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 Z

32、E6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编

33、码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V

34、6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7

35、 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文

36、档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J

37、9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6

38、X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G26 过境后冷气团替代了原来暖气团的位置，气压升高，气温和湿度骤降，天气晴朗暖气团占据了原来冷气团的位置，气温上升、气压下降、天气转晴单一气团控制，天气晴朗我国典型天气快行冷锋：北方夏季的暴雨；北方冬春的大风或沙尘天气冬季寒潮一场春雨一场暖夏初，长江中下游地区的梅雨；冬半年贵阳多阴雨冷湿天气2.锋面天气分析方法：描述天气的要素：气温、气压、阴晴状况、风向及风力等不论是冷锋还是暖锋，云雨区都出现在冷气团一侧能否带来降水，取决于暖气团中水汽的含量，如果暖气团的水汽含量小，就不会出现降水天气。冷锋和暖锋的判断方法：可根据冷暖气团移动方向（锋面天气图）、锋面符号、雨区位置、锋

39、面坡度，过境前后气压和气温变化等分析判断。在北半球冷气团在北暖气团在南。南半球相反3.气旋、反气旋与天气分析对比气旋反气旋气压状况气压中心低、四周高（高气压）气压中心高、四周低（低气压）气压梯度力方向从四周垂直指向中心从中心垂直指向四周气流流向北半球北半球右偏逆时针方向中心北半球右偏顺时针方向四周南半球南半球左偏顺时针方向中心南半球左偏逆时针方向四周中心气旋辐合上升（北半球）辐散下沉（北半球）天气状况多云雨天气多晴朗天气文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:C

40、L10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 H

41、Y9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE

42、6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码

43、:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6

44、 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7

45、ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档

46、编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G27 我国典型的天气夏秋季节东南沿海地区经常出现的台风天气长江流域7、8 月份的伏旱，冬季干冷天气主要气候类型的特征、成因及分布分析对比：气温带气候类型气候特征分布规律分布地区形成原因热带：(南北纬30 之间，T最冷月15)1、热带雨 林 气候全年高温多雨南、北纬 10o之间非洲刚果河流域、亚洲印度尼西亚等地、南美亚马孙河流域全年受赤道低气压带控制下，盛行上升气流。2、热带草 原 气候全年高温，分干湿两季南、北 纬 10o南、北回归线之间

47、非洲中、南部、澳大利亚北部和东部、南美巴西高原等地受赤道低气压带和信风带交替控制。3、热带季 风 气候全年高温，分明显的旱雨两季南、北 纬 10o南北回归线 之 间 的 大陆东岸亚洲中南半岛、印度半岛等地受气压带、风带季节移动和海陆热力性质差异影响4、热带沙 漠 气候全年高温少雨南、北 回 归线30 o大陆内部和西岸非洲北部地区、亚洲阿拉伯半岛和澳大利亚大沙漠区受副热带高压带或信风带控制亚热带南 北 纬30 40间T最 冷月0)1、亚热带季风气候夏季高温多雨，冬季低温少雨南、北 纬 25o 至 35o间的大陆东岸我国秦岭以南、北美大陆、南美大陆和澳大利亚大陆东南部海陆热力性质差异，夏季风和冬季

48、风交替控制2、地中海气候夏季炎热干燥，冬季温和多雨南、北 纬 30o 40o之 间的大陆西岸地中海沿岸，南、北美洲 大陆西岸，非洲大陆和澳大利亚大陆西南 等地副热带高压和西风带交替控制温带(南 北纬40 60 1、温带季 风 气候夏季高温多雨，冬季寒冷干燥南、北 纬 35o 55o之 间的大陆东岸我国华北、东北，俄罗斯远东地区，朝鲜半岛北部海陆热力性质差异影响，受夏季风和冬季风交替控制2、温带大 陆 性气候冬冷夏热，降水稀少南、北 纬 40o 60o之 间大陆内部亚欧大陆和北美大陆内部，南美东南部深居内陆，受海洋影响小文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q

49、6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G

50、4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4X3T6X7 ZE6U1S5Q6G2文档编码:CL10G4O8J9V6 HY9R4