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1、Unit 5 First aid for burnsIts a great honor to save a life.honor荣幸Reading and thinkingAccidents Accidents Accidents Accidents can can can can happenhappenhappenhappen any time any time any time any time.accidentsaccidentsdrowndrowningingchokchokingingburns/firesburns/firescutscutselectric shockelect
2、ric shockpoisonpoisoninginga a sprainsprained ed ankleanklenosebleednosebleedtraffic accidentstraffic accidentsSo we will find ourselves in theSo we will find ourselves in the situation wheresituation where first aidfirst aid is needed.is needed.What is First aid?First aid is a kind of help given to
3、 someone who suddenly _ or _before a doctor comes.falls illgets injured Hot Beverage!Caution,Steam!Flammable!Danger,Electricity!Radiation!Caution,POISON!Part 1(Para.1-2):the story of a choking incidentPart 2(Para.3-5):the introduction of the Heimlich manoeuvrePart 3(Para.6):comments on the choking i
4、ncident Para 1The skin is an essential必不可少 part of your body and is its largest organ rn器官.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease,toxins毒素,and the suns rays re光线.It also helps control your body temperature,prevents your body from losing too much water,warns you when things are too hot or cold,a
5、nd gives you your sense of touch.As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most inrportant step in the treatment治疗 of burns is giving first aid.CAUSES OF BURNSYou can get burnt by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation reden,the sun,electricity,ac
6、ids sd酸,or other chemicals.皮肤是人体的必不可少的组成部分，是人体最大的器官。你的皮肤是抵抗疾病、毒素和太阳光线的屏障。它还有助于控制你的体温，防止你的身体失去太多水分，提醒你什么时候太热或太冷，并给你触觉。你可以想象，被烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步是急救。烧伤的原因你会被各种各样的东西灼伤:灼热的液体、蒸汽、火、辐射、太阳、电、酸或其他化学物质。Para 1prevent 人 from 事You should prevent him from smoking again.Why do your parents prevent you f
7、rom marrying the handsome帅 boy?It was money that prevented him from going touniversity.Para 1get edShe got burnt in the cooking.He got employed in a big company.His parents were very happy.I am glad I get invited to my friends party.Ignore me.I get hurt today.Para 2TYPES OF BURNSBurns are divided in
8、to three types,depending on the depth of skin damage损伤.First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres mili,mi:t毫米 of the skin.These burns are not serious.Examples include mild轻度 sunburn and burns caused by other minor man household家庭 incidents事故.Second-degree burns These go below the t
9、op layer表层 of the skin.They are serious and take a few weeks to get better.Examples include bums caused by hot liquids.Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin,and sometimes the tissue组织 under it.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks触电,burning clothes,or petrol fires.These
10、bums cause very severe internal injuries and the victim vktm受害者 must go to the hospital at once.烧伤类型 根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三种类型。一级烧伤 这些只影响皮肤最上面的几毫米。这些烧伤不严重。例如轻度晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的灼伤。二级烧伤 它们位于皮肤表层以下。他们是严重的，需要几个星期才能好转。例如由热液体引起的烧伤。三度烧伤 它们会影响每一层皮肤，有时还会影响皮肤下面的组织。例子包括触电、衣服或汽油着火火引起的烧伤。这些烧伤会造成非常严重的内部伤害，受害者必须立即去医院。Para 2
11、 be divided into被分成The students were divided into three groups.School textbooks are divided into 5 units.My speech is divided into three parts.The volunteers were divided into two groups to take part in different farm work.Para 2 depend onOur success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.Whe
12、ther we will go on a picnic depends on the weather.The quality of teaching depends on whether teachers have a right teaching method.Para 3CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNSfirst-degree burnsdry,red,and mildly轻 度 swollen肿胀mildly painful疼痛turn white when pressedsecond-degree burnsred and swollen肿;blisters水泡;wat
13、ery surface表层渗液；extremely painful烧伤特点一级烧伤干、红、轻度肿胀；轻度疼痛；按下时变白二级烧伤CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNSthird-degree burns black and white swollen;the tissue underneath皮下组织 can often seen little or no pain if nerves神经 are damaged受损;may be painful around the edges of the burn.红肿的;水泡;表层渗液;极度疼痛三级烧伤发黑与变白；肿胀;皮下组织可以经常看到；
14、如果神经受损，很少或没有疼痛;烧伤的边缘可能会疼痛。Para 4FIRST-AID TREATMENT 1 Place(put)burns烧伤部位 under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.The cool water stops the burning灼烧 process过程 and reduces the pain and swelling肿胀.2 Dry the burnt area烧伤部位 gently with a clean cloth.3 Remove剪掉 any clothes using
15、scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric fbrk布料 sticking to粘 the burnt烧焦的 skin.急救治疗1 将烧伤部位置于冷水中，尤其是在第一处十分钟。冷水可以阻止灼烧过程，减少疼痛和肿胀。2 用干净的布轻轻擦干烧伤部位。3 如果有必要，用剪刀把衣服剪掉，除非你看到布料粘在烧焦的皮肤上。Para 4_24 Cover the burnt area with a loose lus透气的（松）clean cloth.Applying涂 oil油膏 to the injured areas is a bad idea,as
16、 it will keep the heat in the wounds伤口 and may cause infection.5 If burns are on the face,make sure the victim can still breathe.6 lf the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns,there is an urgent dnt紧急的 need to take him/her to the hospital at once.4 用一块干净的透气的布盖住烧伤部位。把油膏涂在受伤的地方是一个坏主意，因
17、为它会保持伤口的热量（阻碍散热），并可能导致感染。5 如果烧伤是在脸上，要确保受害者还能呼吸。6 如果伤者是二级或三级烧伤，需要立即送他/她去医院。Para 4be covered withIn winter the lake is covered with ice.The mountain tops are covered with snow.The tables were all covered with dust.Para 4apply to适用The study method applies to everyone here.The laws apply to everyone.The
18、 rules of safe driving apply to everyone.Para 4suffer from遭受.痛苦Some students may suffer from depression情绪低落.People are more likely to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.Many people especially teenagers suffer from a lack of confidence.语法填空语法填空 As an e
19、ssential part and 1_largest organ of our body,the skin has many important 2_(function).Therefore,3_(get)burnt can lead to very serious injuries,which need first aid in time.We can get burnt by a 4_(various)of things,like hot liquids,fire or some chemicals.Depending on the depth of skin damage,burns
20、can 5_(divide)into three types:first-degree burns,second-degree burns and third-degree burns.thefunctions gettingvarietybe divided语法填空语法填空For first-degree burns,first,place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.Second,dry the burnt area 6 _(gentle)with a clean cloth.
21、Meanwhile,remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,7_ you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Dont apply oil 8_ the injured areas,as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.It is important 9_(take)the victim 10_ is su
22、ffering from second or third-degree burns to the hospital right away.gentlyunlesstoto takewhoEx 3,P51 True or false 1 Your skin gives you protection from many dangerous things.2 A first-degree burn has this name because it is the most serious.3 Second-degree burns can be the most painful kind of bur
23、n.4 It is important to use cool water to stop the heat from remaining in the wound regardless of the degree程度 of the burn.5 Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease iz缓解 discomfort.1 T2 F3 T4 F5 FComplete the table to summarise the information.The top few millimet
24、ersevery layer below the top layertissuesswollenpainfulwhiteblisterswaterypainfulthe tissue underneathnervescool running waterdryremovecoverbreathehospitalEx 5,P51 Answer the following questions in groups.1 How are people most likely to get burnt?2 What steps can be taken to help prevent these burns
25、?3 What other advice do you know of about first aid for burns?ls it good advice or bad advice?Why?1 How are people most likely to get burnt?2 What steps can be taken to help prevent these burns?Ex 3,P51 True or false 1 Most people are likely to get burnt in the kitchen,by picking up a hot 1 Most peo
26、ple are likely to get burnt in the kitchen,by picking up a hot pan,or by getting cooking oil spilt on themselves.pan,or by getting cooking oil spilt on themselves.2 2 Being Being aware aware of of the the danger danger is is a a good good first first step.For step.For example,example,you you should
27、should check check to to see see if if the the burner burner is is on on before before touching touching a a pan pan on on the the stove.stove.You You should should also also use use oven oven mitts mitts when when touching touching a a hot hot pan.pan.If If you you are are using using cooking cooki
28、ng oil,oil,you you should should make make sure sure that that the the pot pot is is set set firmly firmly on on the the stove stove so so that it cannot spill,and that it is not too full of oil.that it cannot spill,and that it is not too full of oil.3 What other advice do you know of about first ai
29、d for burns?ls it good advice or bad advice?Why?Ex 3,P51 True or false 3 I had an uncle who said that you should put vinegar on burns.3 I had an uncle who said that you should put vinegar on burns.I think that this is terrible advice,because it can cause pain and I think that this is terrible advice
30、,because it can cause pain and can dry out the skin.can dry out the skin.the imperitivesprofessional structure:logical and clearEnough detailsEnough detailsspecificWritten in second&third person voiceobjectivepassive voiceobjectivethe-ing formthe-ing formthe-ing form to make the sentences conciseThese writing techniques make the passage objective,factual and informational.Do the exercises in your workbook.