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1、Unit 5Unit 5POEMS人教版（2019）英语 选择性必修三Discovering the rules目录目录Discovering the rulesStudying the rulesApplying the rulesExercise010203041.The Crescent Moon isperhapsthemostfamouscollectionofchildrenspoems.ItisknowntopeopleinChina.The Crescent Moonisperhapsthemostfamouscollectionofchildrenspoemsthatiskn
2、owntopeopleinChina.Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.2.Therearealsomanypoemswrittenfromachildsperspective.InthesepoemsthepoetTagoreshowsasympatheticunderstandingofchildrensfeelings.TherearealsomanypoemswrittenfromachildsperspectiveinwhichthepoetTagoreshowsasympatheticunderstan
3、dingofchildrensfeelings.Discovering the rules013.TheEnglishversionofthebookcontainsnearly50poems.Thefocusofthepoemsisontheparent-childrelationship.TheEnglishversionofthebookcontainsnearly50poems,thefocusofwhichisontheparent-childrelationship.4.Theinitialpoemswerewrittenfromtheperspectiveofamother.Th
4、emotherlovesherbabyatplayandatrest,inlaughterandintears.Theinitialpoemswerewrittenfromtheperspectiveofamotherwholovesherbabyatplayandatrest,inlaughterandintears.Discovering the rules015.Manypeoplelovetoreadthiscollectionofpoems.Thereasonisthattheycanfeelthewarmthofloveandenjoytheinnocenceofchildhood
5、.Thereasonwhymanypeoplelovetoreadthiscollectionofpoemsisthattheycanfeelthewarmthofloveandenjoytheinnocenceofchildhood.6.ItwaswrittenbytheIndianpoetTagore.TagorewasthefirstAsiantowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.ItwaswrittenbytheIndianpoetTagorewhowasthefirstAsiantowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Discoverin
6、g the rules01Thecorrectordertocomposeapassage_153462Put the sentences in the correct order to compose a passage.Discovering the rules01定义用作定语的从句类型限制性定语从句描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。非限制性定语从句对主句所描述的人或物提供附加情况，起补充说明作用；如省去，主句意义仍完整。关系词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词 when,where,why一、
7、定语从句概述Studying the rules02定语从句以及相关术语定语从句以及相关术语（1）定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般跟在它所修饰的名词之后。（2）先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as 等；关系副词有when，where，why 等。（4）关系词在定语从句中有三大作用：1）连接作用：连接主句与从句。2）成分作用：在定语从句中充当一个成分。3）替代作用：替代某一名词代词或某一句话。Studying the rules
8、02关系代词that指物和人在从句中作主语或宾语which指物在从句中作主语或宾语who指人在从句中作主语或宾语whom在从句中作宾语whose 指人和物在从句中作定语as指物在从句中作主语关系副词when指时间在从句中作时间状语where 指地点在从句中作地点状语why指原因在从句中作原因状语二、引导定语从句的关系词Studying the rules02 主语 宾语 定语指人 指物 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。The man（whom/who/that）you met just now
9、 is my old friend.你刚才遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。The number of people that/who come to visit the city each year reaches one million.每年来游览这座城市的人数达到一百万。I once lived in the house whose windows were much larger than usual.我曾经住在那个窗户比一般窗户大很多的房子里。who/that whom/who/that whosewhich/thatwhich/thatwhoseStudying the rules02 a
10、s 引导限制性定语从句as 既可指人也可指物。在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。它常用在such.as.，the same.as.等结构中，as 不能省略。Such reasons as we give can persuade him to give up this foolish plan.我们给出的这些理由可以说服他放弃这个愚蠢的计划。as 引导非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容。从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中间。as 引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：as we all know 众所周知 as is well known 众所周知 as you see 如你所
11、见 as we expect 正如我们预料的那样 as often happens 正如经常发生的 as I can remember 正如我所记得的 as has been said before 如前所述 as is/was expected 正如预料的那样 as can be seen 正如所见 as is often the case 情况常常是这样 As is often the case，girls like dolls while boys like guns.女孩喜欢玩具娃娃而男孩喜欢枪，这是常见的情况Studying the rules02关系代词as 与which 引导的非
12、限制性定语从句，其先行词都可以是整个主句，as/which 指代整个主句的意思。但as 和which 具有不同的词义、句法和用法。as 引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论。as仍具有“正如，像，由可知”等意思，翻译时有时可不必译出。as 引导的此类从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。As Napoleon once said，attack is the best method of defense.拿破仑曾经说过，进攻是最好的防御。which 引导的定语从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。which 此时指前面主句所提到的这件事，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。这时它引
13、导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。它引导的从句的位置不像as 引导的从句那样灵活，只能位于主句的后面。He changed his mind again，which（=and that）made us all angry.他又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。Studying the rules02关系副词的基本用法关系副词的基本用法地点状语 时间状语 原因状语（1）when 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词，如 time，moment，month，day，year 等，when 在定语从句中作时间状语。We dont know the exact time when he wi
14、ll return.（He will return at the time.at the time 作时间状语）我们不知道他回来的确切时间。（2）where 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词，如school，house，place，village 等，where 在定语从句中作地点状语。She worked in Japan for a few years where she taught English.（She taught English in Japan.in Japan 作地点状语）她在日本工作了几年，在那里她教英语。when whywhere Studying the ru
15、les021.当先行词为all、little、much、few、every、everything、any、anything、no、none等不定代词或由它们修饰时，关系代词多用that而不用which。egIsthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?All(that)Iwantisyouradvice.Thereisnothingthatcanbedone.定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的几种情况：Studying the rules022.先行词前有序数词修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。egThefirstthing(that)weneedtodo
16、istoworkoutaplan.3.先行词前有形容词或最高级修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。egThatwasthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.4.先行词前有thevery、theonly、thesame、theright等修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。egTherewerenotreesgrowingonAntarcticaandnooil,sotheonlyfuel(that)wecouldusewasanimalfat.Studying the rules025.当主句是以which、who、what开头的特殊问句时，引导定语从句的
17、有关系代词一般用that，而不用which。egWhatisthemainenvironmentalissue(that)youwanttoaddress?Whichofthosebooksthatareonthedeskbelongstoyou?Studying the rules021.当“介词+which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，可以用相应的关系副词when,where和why来替换。关系副词when在从句中通常作时间状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。关系副词where在从句中通常作地点状语，也可用“介词+which”来替换。关系副词why在从句中通常作原因状语，可用f
18、orwhich来替换。“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句Studying the rules022.在“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句中，which用于指物，whom用于指人。注意：“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句时，介词的选用和它前面的先行词或它后面的从句中的谓语动词的搭配有关。egThisistheteacherfromwhomwevelearntalot.(from和先行词theteacher构成搭配)Thematerialofwhichthetablewasmadewasveryexpensive.(of和wasmade构成搭配)Studying the
19、 rules02Read the introduction about the Brownings.Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise,using relative clauses if necessary.If you study the history of English literature,you will find the names of Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning,who were one of the most romantic literary co
20、uples of the Victorian era.Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of six.Applying the rules03In 1844,Elizabeths Poems brought her great success and also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Browning.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal co
21、rrespondence.The couple exchanged many letters,which obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.Elizabeth had been ill for many years.She stayed at home and almost never saw victors.Browning was sure about his love,so he found a way to visit her,and immediately convinced her to become hi
22、s bride.Applying the rules03However,their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret because her father was dominant and selfish man who would refuse to let his daughter go.The couple moved to Italy in 1846,where Elizabeth lived for the rest of her life.Browning had a great influence on Elizabeth
23、s writing.The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese that were written during the time when she was in love with Robert Browning.Applying the rules03Work in pairs.Describe your favourite Chinese poets using sentences that contain relative clauses.Bai Juyi was one of the great
24、est Chinese poets who ever lived.He was born during the mid-Tang Dynasty,which was a period of rebuilding and recovery for the Tang Empire.Applying the rules03ExerciseExercise1.Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot_itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.(2020新课标全国I卷)2.Inancient
25、Chinalivedanartist61._paintingswerealmostlifelike.(2020新课标全国III卷)wherewhose3.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum_openedin1759.(2020全国新高考I卷)which/thatExercise044.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from_studentscanchooseforfree.(2020江苏卷)A.whoseB.
26、whichC.whenD.whomB5.Thankyouforyourletter,whatreallymademehappy.(2020课标全国II卷短文改错)6.Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodwhatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.(2020课标全国III卷短文改错)whichthatExercise047.Wehaveenteredintoanage_dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(2019江苏卷单项填空)A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that8.Theirchildisatthestage_shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.(2019天津卷单项填空)A.whyB.whereC.whichD.whatCBExercise04Thank youThank you！