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1、七年级下册U1-4复习一、句型精讲1.There are twenty restaurants in town. 镇上有二十家餐馆。There are about 8,000,000 people living in London. 大约有八百万人住在伦敦。表示某地有，用there be 句型，谓语动词就近原则。There _(be) an art room, a music room and two computer rooms in our school.表示有事情要做，用there be sth to do。 There are lots of things _(see) in Beij
2、ing.表示有某人正在做某事，用there be sb doing sth.。On game shows, there are always famous people_(talk) about their lives.2. I hope to visit your home some day. 我希望有一天能去你家看看。hope to do sth.希望去做某事hope +(that)从句，上句等于I hope I can visit your home some day. some day 将来有一天，总有一天 只用来指将来one day 某一天 可以指过去，也可以指将来the other
3、 day 前几天 常用于一般过去时He writes such wonderful stories that he _(become) a good writer some day.I_(happen) to meet him in the street the other day.3. I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend. 我想邀请我的朋友在周末和我一起看电影。invite vt. 邀请(1)invite sb for 邀请某人John invited me for dinner.(2
4、)invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事He invited a singer to sing for his friends.(3)invite sb to sp邀请某人到某处Linda invited me to her home.invite的名词形式为invitation，意为“邀请，请柬”。Millie received an invitation to the party.4. Im afraid they wont welcome visitors like you. 我恐怕他们不会欢迎像你这样的拜访者。Im afraid意为“恐怕”，是一种提出异议的委婉说法，后接
5、that从句，that 可以省略。恐怕他不会来了。 be afraid of sth 害怕某物很多孩子都怕狗。 be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事；担心做某事 那个女孩害怕游泳。 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事那个女孩不敢独自一人呆在家里。 Im afraid so.恐怕是的。 Im afraid not. 恐怕不是这样的。welcome sb. 欢迎某人 welcome to sp.欢迎来到某地like vt. 喜欢 like doing sth prep. 像 be like= look like 长相He is strong. （提问） wha
6、ts he like? / what does he look like? do sth like this/ that 像这样/那样干某事 Like his father, he likes watching films. 表列举（同such as.)like（喜欢）eating all kinds of fruit,like (像) tomatoes and mangoes. 5. broken adj. 损坏了的;破碎的broken 用作形容词，在句中作表语或定语。The TV is broken. I will have it repaired this afternoon.broke
7、n的动词形式为break，意为“打破;打碎”。Take care not to break the cup.She is eager to break the record.【与break 相关的短语】break down (机器)坏了;(计划、谈判)失败:(谈话、通讯)中断break into 破门而入;打断(谈话);占用break off突然停止;中断(谈判);断绝(关系)break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾等)爆发break up散会;(学期)结束;驱散(集会);(精神上)垮掉6. I have my own bedroom and bathroom, and I like the b
8、alcony best. 我有自己的卧室和卫生间，我最喜欢阳台。have ones own.=have sth. of ones own 意为“拥有某人自己的.”每个人都有他们自己的梦想。 = own作动词时，意为“拥有”，相当于 have，owner 意为“拥有者，物主”。sb. own(s)/have(has) sth.= sb. be the owner of sth.= sth. belong(s) to sb.do sth. on ones own=do sth. by oneself=do sth. alone意为“独自做某事”。7. -There are twenty resta
9、urants in town. Which is your favourite?-The biggest one in Fifth Street!【辨析】one与it(1)one 表示泛指，指代上文出现过的同类事物。I cant find my hat. I think I must buy a new one.(2)it 表示特指，指代上文出现过的同一事物。I cant find my hat. I dont know where I put it.最高级的构成及用法单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般在词尾加-est(longest, tallest);以字母-e结尾的词,加-st(larges
10、t, nicest);以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 变y为i,再加-est(busiest, heaviest);重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母结尾时,先双写辅音字母,再加-est(biggest, hottest)。多音节词和部分双音节词:在原级前加most(most useful, most beautiful)。(1)结构为: the+形容词/副词最高级+其他+of/in/ among+比较范围。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(2)词组 one of (其中之一)后加the加最高级,表示“最的之一”。one of
11、 the largest cities, one of the most famous scientists(3)序数词后加最高级,表示“第几的”。the second biggest island, the third longest river 8. Theres something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出故障了。There is something wrong with意为“出故障/有毛病”，相当于“Something is wrong with.”或“doesnt work.”或“is broken.”。There is nothing wrong
12、with意为“没有毛病”。9. I want to help sick people. 我想要帮助生病的人。ill和sick 都有“生病的，有病的”之意，但在用法上有所不同。(1) ill表示“生病的;有病的”，在句中一般用作表语，不作定语；而sick 在句中既可以作表语又可以作定语。病人 a sick man或the sick但不能说成an ill man或the illShe is ill/sick in bed.She is looking after her sick father.(2)sick 还可以表示“恶心的，厌倦的”，ill 无此义。The smell makes me si
13、ck.(3)ill 作定语修饰名词时，还可译为“坏的，邪恶的”。He is an ill man. 10. family, house 和 home(1)family意为“家人，家庭成员”。family作整体概念的“家庭”讲时，看作单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式; 作“家庭成员”讲时，看作复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The whole family are watching TV. (2)house意为“房屋”，侧重居住的建筑物。There is a river behind the house.(3)home意为“家”，侧重个人出生、被抚养长大的环境或居住地，含有“家乡;故乡”的
14、意思。它具有house 所没有的感情色彩(如团聚、思念等)。Her home is far away.11. Are you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home? 你在担心穿什么去参加聚会或者如何设计你的家吗？worry about sb. / sth.= be worried about sb. / sth. 为某人/某事担心worry about doing sth 担心做某事 His mother is worried about his health.He worries about bei
15、ng late for school.疑问词+to doI dont know who _(ask) for help.Do you know when _(start)?12. Is it enough for a tin of dog food? 那够买一罐狗粮吗？enough + n. enough修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。adj./adv. + enough enough修饰形容词时放在其后。We dont have enough time to do the homework well enough.be .enough for. 对.足够.The room is big eno
16、ugh for three hundred people.be + adj.+ enough to do sth. 足够.可以做某事Lin Tao was brave enough to save Mrs. Sun from the fire.13. Why not visit our local theatre and enjoy Beijing opera? 为什么不去参观我们本地的剧院并欣赏京剧呢?“Why not+动词原形?” 意为“为什么不呢?”。该句型是用来提出建议的交际用语，相当于“Why dont you+动词原形?”。【英语中其他表示提建议的句型】(1)What/How ab
17、out doing sth? 做某事怎么样?(2)Lets do sth! 让我们做某事吧!(3)Shall we do sth? 我们做某事好吗?(4)You had better(not)do sth你最好(不)做某事(5)Would you like(to do)sth? 你想要某物/做某事吗?(6)Would you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗?14. I can smell flowers and hear the birds sing.我能闻到花香，听见鸟唱歌。(1)hear sb do sth 意为“听到某人做某事”，指动作已经结束或动作经常发生。I often
18、 hear Millie sing in the next room.(2)hear sb doing sth意为“听到某人正在做某事”，指动作正在进行。When I passed the classroom,I heard a girl singing in it.【拓展】在see、feel、watch、notice等表示感知的动词后，既可接v.ing构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的动词不定式构成复合宾语。这两种结构的区别与hear的用法类似。15. elder和older(1)elder 表示“年纪较长的”，仅用于同一家庭里的成员的比较; older则不限于此。My younger son
19、is five and my elder son is nine.Tom is two years older than me.(2)elder在句中只作定语，不作表语；older两者皆可。My elder sister does her homework all by herself.I think his mother is older.(3)elder只能用来修饰人;older既可修饰人，也可修饰物。This dog is older than any other dog here.16. remember to do sth 与remember doing sth(1)remember
20、 to dosth意为“记得要做某事”，指这个动作在说话时还未做。Remember to close the door, please.(2)remember doingsth意为“记得做过某事”，指说话时动作已完成。I remember closing the door.forget意为“忘记”，与remember的用法类似。17. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School. 阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。north/south/east/west对应的形容词分别为northern/southern/eastern/westernA is
21、to the north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西面(A在B范围之外,不接壤)A is on the north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西面(A在B范围之外，接壤）A is in the north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西面(A在B范围之内)Wuxi is to the north of Shanghai.Wuxi is on the north of Suzhou.Wuxi is in the south-east of China.Taiwan is the so
22、uth of China.Hangzhou is the south of Taizhou.China is the south of Russia.18. cross, across, crossing和through(1) cross为动词，意为“穿过，横过”，指从一个平面通过，常用于过桥、河、路、街道等。Look left and right before you cross the street.(2) across 为介词，意为“横跨;横穿;穿越”，常与动词walk，run,go,jump等连用，与cross 基本同义。Go across the road. and you will
23、 find the post office on your left.(3) crossing 为名词，意为“十字路口;交叉处”。Turn left at the second crossing.(4) through 为介词，意为“穿过:通过”，指从物体的内部穿过。He walked through the forest alone.19.Would you like to live in a palace., Eddie? 埃迪，你想住宫殿吗?would like常用于委婉地提出请求、建议或某种看法。would like sth 想要某物would like to do sth想要做某事w
24、ould like sb to do sth 想要某人做某事-Would you like some coffee? -Yes. please./No. thanks-Would you like to go with me? -Yes, Id like/love to.20. Go straight on, and youll find the Panda House.一直向前走，你们就会看到熊猫馆。这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。and 连接的两个句子是一种顺承关系，祈使句表示条件或假设，陈述句表示结果或推论。Study hard, and youll make great progr
25、ess.【拓展】“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构可以和if引导的条件状语从句互相转换。Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed.Work hard,or you will fail the exam.=If you dont work hard, you will fail the exam.21. How do I get there? 我怎样到那儿?表达问路的常用句型还有:(1) Excuse me, where is.?(2) Can/Could you tell me the way to.
26、?(3) Which is the way to.?(4) Can/Could you tell me how to get to.?(5) Can/Could you tell me how I can get to.?常用的指路的句型:(1) Go along the street until you come to the traffic lights(2) Turn right/left at the second crossing(Take the second turning on the right/left.)(3) Walk/Go along/down the road.(4
27、) Go straight on, and you can see.on your left/right22. raise vt.饲养Most students in our school raise pets. 【拓展】(1) raise 还可译为举起，升起，提起，抬起(某物)”，常用搭配:raise ones hand 举手He raised his eyes from his work.(2) raise还有“募集”之意。常用搭配:raise money for. 为募集资金Well hold a charity show to raise money for poor children
28、.二、语法精讲一、基数词20以下的基数词0= zero7= seven14= fourteen1= one8= eight15= fifteen2= two9= nine16= sixteen3= three10= ten17= seventeen4= four11= eleven18= eighteen5= five12= twelve19= nineteen6= six13= thirteen20及20以上的基数词20= twenty21= twenty-one30= thirty22= twenty-two40= forty23= twenty-three50= fifty24= twe
29、nty-four60= sixty25= twenty-five70= seventy26= twenty-six80= eighty27= twenty-seven90= ninety28= twenty-eight100= hundred29= twenty-nine注意：20以上100以内的整十数，均以ty结尾；20以上的非整十数，书写时要在十位和个位之间加连字符。百位数 (百= hundred)234 two hundred and thirty-four注意：百位和十位之间要用and，and轻读。千位数 (千= thousand)2,345 two thousand three hu
30、ndred and forty-five注意：在非正式文体中，2,300也可以写作twenty-three hundred。1,000以上的较大数字(百万=million)23,456 twenty-three thousand four hundred and fifty-six234,567 two hundred and thirty-four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven注意：在用阿拉伯数字记录较大数目时，通常用逗号或空格将大数目分隔，从个位开始，三个一组。二、序数词我们通常用序数词来谈论日期，楼层，位置等。The summer holid
31、ay starts from the first of July.I live on the eleventh floor. Sandy always comes first in her class.1st = first10th = tenth19th = nineteenth2nd = second11th = eleventh20th = twentieth3rd = third12th = twelfth30th = thirtieth4th = fourth13th = thirteenth40th = fortieth5th = fifth14th = fourteenth50t
32、h = fiftieth6th = sixth15th = fifteenth60th = sixtieth7th = seventh16th = sixteenth70th = seventieth8th = eighth17th = seventeenth80th = eightieth9th = ninth18th = eighteenth90th = ninetieth注意:1. 一般的序数词的构成是在基数词词尾加上th，而first、second、third是特殊的。2. 以ve结尾的基数词，ve要变f，再加th。如: five-fith， twelve-twelfth。3. 以ty
33、结尾的基数词，y要变为ie，再加th。如: twenty-twentieth;，thirty-thirtieth。4. 十位或百位的基数词，只将其个位上的基数词变为序数词。如: fifty-five一fifty-fifth，two hundred and sixty-one一two hundred and sixty-first。5. 序数词也可以用以上表格中的缩写形式。如: fourth一4th，twenty-third一23rd。【举一反三】1. There are days in a week. A. the seven B. seventh C. the seventh D. seve
34、n2. David, how old is your father this year? _. And we will have a special party for his _ birthday next weekend.A. Fortieth; forty B. Forty; forty C. Forty; fortieth D. Fortieth; fortieth3. Now, please turn to Page_ and look at the_ picture.AFifth；five BFive；fifth CFifth；fifth DFive；five4. Today is
35、 Jacks birthday. He is _ years old now.AfourteenthBfourteen Cthe fourteenthDthe fourteen5. He is _ and he has an _ sister.Aten-year-old; eight years oldBten years old; eight-year-oldCten year old; eight-years-oldDten-year-old; eight-year-old6. All of us study in a building with _ floors and our clas
36、sroom is on the _ floor.Afifth, threeBfifth, thirdCfive, thirdDfive, three7. -How old is your sister? - _. We had a special party for her _birthday last Sunday.A.Nine;ninth B.Nine;nine C.Ninth;nine D.Ninth;ninth8. -People in our town planted _trees on Tree Planting Day.-Good job! Everyone can do som
37、ething to make our town greener.A.hundred B.hundred of C.hundreds D.hundreds of1-5 DCBBB 6-8 CAD三、一般将来时（will/shall）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况，它常常由助动词、情态动词和动词来构成。它常和表示将来时间的短语连用，如：tomorrow, next week, next month, the day after tomorrow, in the future, in a few days 等。一般将来时的主要结构：will+动词原形；shall+动词原形；be going to
38、+动词原形。1. 当将来一定会发生的事或已经计划好的事用will。 在“will+动词原形”结构中，主语可以是第一、二、三人称。You will fail the test if you dont work hard.We will have a charity show next week.有时既表示将来，也表示“意愿或意图”。I will do it, if you like.2. be going to更侧重于计划打算或很快就要发生的事，还可以表示预见，表示很有可能即将发生的事，即“现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将要发生的某种情况”。 【注意】there be句型的一般将来时“there
39、will be /there is(are)going to be”There _a football match in our school next week.A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D are going to beIt _my brothers birthday tomorrow. He _a party.A. is going to be; has B. will be; is having C. will be; is going to have D. will have; is going to beI
40、t is so cloudy. I think it _(rain).3. shall可用于第一人称I/we, 替代will表示一般将来时，但shall更多用来表示建议或带有说话人的主观态度和看法。We shall know the result next week.Shall we go shopping?【否定句和疑问句】否定句：will/shall + not + do(缩略形式：wont/shant +do) am/is/are + not +going to +do疑问句：Will/ Shall + 主语+ do ; Am/Is/Are +主语+ going to do【举一反三】
41、He will invite us to his home .他会邀请我们去他家。否：He _ us to his home. 疑：_us to his home? Yes, _. No, _. We shall take a bus to school next week. 我们下星期将乘公交车上学。否：We _ a bus to school next week. 疑：_ a bus to school next week? Yes, _. No, _. He is going to make a fire. 他打算生火。否：He _ make a fire. 疑：_ make a fir
42、e? Yes, _. No, _. 四、名词所有格我们常用名词所有格来表示人或物的所有关系，它分三种形式：(1)s所有格。主要用于有生命的东西，但有时也可用于无生命的东西;(2)of所有格；(3)既有s又有of的双重所有格。1. s所有格的构成方法：(1)一般情况单数名词的所有格形式是在其后加s。the womans daughter todays newspaper(2)以s或者es结尾的复数名词的所有格形式是在其后加上。the twins parents the students hometown 注意：带词尾s的单数名词，通常仍加s。如：the bosss plan(3)带词尾s的人名在
43、其后加上s。Dickens novels Charless job(4)不以s或es结尾的不规则变化的名词复数，其所有格形式是在后面加s。Childrens Day the Peoples Republic of China 注意：用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，这时只在最后一个名词后加s。This is Lily and her sisters bedroom.表示分别拥有各自的物品时，两个名词在词尾都加s。These are Lilys and Lucys school bags.2. of 所有格用法：凡不能加s的名词，都可以与of构成短语来表示所有关系。There is a
44、 tall maple tree at the end of the road.3. 双重所有格：指名词所有格或名词性物主代词与of构成的所有格，即“of+名词所有格”。a friend of my wifes a friend of Jims 五、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词我们常用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词来表示人或物的所有关系。This is my book. These are our books.This book is mine. Those books are ours. 注意：形容词性物主代词后一般带有名词。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词归纳如下:六、冠词a/an/the冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某人或某物，定冠词the常用来指特定的某人或某物。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加