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1、Unit 6 过去完成去完成时态l一、构成：一、构成：had+过去分词过去分词l二、用法：表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已二、用法：表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是是“过去的过去过去的过去”。l如如:He said he had finished doing his homework.(“做做”作业发生在过去的作业发生在过去的“说说”之前）之前）l凡是说明凡是说明“过去的过去过去的过去”的时间、动作、概念的时间、动作、概念等，都是过去完成时的最佳等，都是过去完成时的最佳“标志标志”l1、介词、介词 by+过去时间过去
2、时间l如：She had finished doing her homework by yesterday.lEdison had built his own chemistry lab by the time he was ten.l2、时间状语从句。、时间状语从句。l 在含有状语从句的复合句中，若两个动作在含有状语从句的复合句中，若两个动作都发生在过去，后发生动作用一般过去时，都发生在过去，后发生动作用一般过去时，先发生的动作用过去完成时。如：先发生的动作用过去完成时。如：lWhen he was only ten,he had already learned 2000 English w
3、ords.lWhen he got to the station,the train had already left.l3、宾语从句（间接引语、宾语从句（间接引语)l 当主句是过去时态，直接引语或单独使用的当主句是过去时态，直接引语或单独使用的句子本身是一般过去时或现在完成时，在改成句子本身是一般过去时或现在完成时，在改成间接引语或宾语从句后，一般要用过去完成时间接引语或宾语从句后，一般要用过去完成时态。如：态。如：l The teacher told us that China had sent up another man-made satellite into space.l She
4、said she had sent five e-mails to her friend in one month.l如果直接引语中含有具体的过去时间，在变如果直接引语中含有具体的过去时间，在变成间接引语或宾语从句时，仍用一般过去时成间接引语或宾语从句时，仍用一般过去时态，而不用过去完成时。如：态，而不用过去完成时。如：l Her mother said that she went to Shanghai in 2005.lHe said he was born in 1970.l三、几点注意事项：三、几点注意事项：l1、当我们在描述过去一连串的动作时，动作、当我们在描述过去一连串的动作时，动
5、作虽然有先后之分，但就事件而言，却都是在虽然有先后之分，但就事件而言，却都是在同一段时间内发生的动作，通常用一般过去同一段时间内发生的动作，通常用一般过去时。如：时。如：lAfter breakfast,I took off my sleeping clothes,put on my school clothes,carried my schoolbag on the back,said goodbye to my parents,left the house in a hurry and went to school.l2、as soon as,while 等引导的状语从句，因等引导的状语从
6、句，因为连词本身所强调的就是两个或多个紧接着的为连词本身所强调的就是两个或多个紧接着的动作，因此往往用一般过去时态。如：动作，因此往往用一般过去时态。如：lI went to see your father in hospital as soon as I got to Shanghai.l3、在、在before,after 等引导的状语从句中，连词等引导的状语从句中，连词本身已经说明动作的先后之分，一般应用一般本身已经说明动作的先后之分，一般应用一般l过去时。但若主句有说明动作发生多久，或完过去时。但若主句有说明动作发生多久，或完成了多少等的短语时，应用过去完成时态。比成了多少等的短语时，应
7、用过去完成时态。比较下列句子：较下列句子：lHe learned English before he went to middle school.lHe had learned 2000 English words before he went to middle school.l4、当主句的时态是过去时态，在宾语从中，、当主句的时态是过去时态，在宾语从中，有明确的过去时间状语时，仍用一般过去时。有明确的过去时间状语时，仍用一般过去时。如：如：lShe said she was born in 1992.Unit 6 Exercises 一、单项选择 【】1 When Tom hurried
8、home,he found that his mother already to hospital.A has,been sent B had,sent C has,sent D had,been sent 【】2 We five English songs by the end of last term.A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learnedDA 【】3 Helen told me she lunch,so she was very hungry.A has had B hasnt have C have had
9、D hadnt had 【】4 By the end of 2005,many buildings built In the city.A have been B have C had been D will 【】5 She her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband home.A has left,comes B had left,would come C had left,came D leaves,had comeDCC 【】6 He said that it was at least ten years sin
10、ce he a good drink.A enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoyed 【】7 The meeting when Mr Wang there.A has begun,get B has been on,get C had begun,got D had been on,got 【】8 Why didnt you go to visit the Summer Palace with them?Because I there several times.A have been B had been to C ha
11、d beenACC 二、用所给的词汇的适当形式填空 1、When I returned home,he (leave).2、By ten oclock yesterday evening,she (finish)writing the letter.3、He (study)English for five years before he came here.4、It (stop)raining when I woke up this morning.5、I (not read)the book because I had read it before.6、She said she (be)bo
12、rn in 1995.had lefthad finishedhad studiedhad stoppeddidnt readwas 7、When he (come)to China two years ago,he found people didnt understand him at all though he (learn)some Chinese in his own country.8、I saw Mary yesterday.We (not see)each other since she left Beijing.9、When I got to his home,he (go)to bed.10、She asked if Mr Smith already (come)back.camehad learnedhadnt seenhad gonehadcomeThe end