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1、短文改错专题短文改错专题短文改错专题短文改错专题目的目的:测试发现、判断和纠正错误的能力。测试发现、判断和纠正错误的能力。要求要求:考查我们词法、句法和在语篇中综合考查我们词法、句法和在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。运用英语的能力。历年高考难点：历年高考难点：考点考点综合性综合性强，覆盖面广，强，覆盖面广，错项设置类型多。错项设置类型多。应对方法：应对方法：加强基础知识的积累；提高语篇加强基础知识的积累；提高语篇的整体理解能力；应该对错项设置的基本情的整体理解能力；应该对错项设置的基本情况有所了解，从而提高解题的正确率。况有所了解，从而提高解题的正确率。口诀：口诀：短文改错口诀短文改错口诀：动词形
2、，名词数，注意是形还是副；动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。一一 动词形动词形 主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓 不一致的错误。不一致的错误。My favorite sport is football.I was a member of our school football team.（NMET98）Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.
3、（NMET00）关键：关键：先关注动词先关注动词amare二二 名词数名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。典型典型将名词复数写成单数。将名词复数写成单数。so that Ill get good marks in all my subject.（NMET01）三三 区分形和副区分形和副 高考短文改错的常考点高考短文改错的常考点Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.（NMETNMET9595）Unfortunate,there are too many people in my family.（NMET99）注意
4、注意:形容词形容词 用来做定、表、补语等，用来做定、表、补语等，副词副词 只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词或整个句子。subjectswonderfulUnfortunately四四 非谓语动词细辨别非谓语动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词及不定式的错误。词及不定式的错误。in my spare time,I am interesting in football.（NMET97）Play football not only makes us grow up tall
5、and strong but also（NMET98）My parents love me and will do all they can make sure（NMET01）区别：区别：现在分词（主动或动作正在进行），过去分词（被动或完成），现在分词（主动或动作正在进行），过去分词（被动或完成），不定式（不定式（动作没发生）动作没发生）五五 习惯用法要记住习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。是历年主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。是历年高考的常考点高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。多词、少词和搭配错误。加tointerestedp
6、laying It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and （NMET96）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves.（NMET98）六六 句子成分多分析句子成分多分析They eager to know everything about China and(NMET96)I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China.(NMET97)七七 逻辑错误须关注逻辑错误须关注与上、下文
7、不一致或相矛盾的，属于逻辑性错误。与上、下文不一致或相矛盾的，属于逻辑性错误。for 改成ofInstead后加of前加 wereWhere改成whichThe Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（NMET96）First,let me tell you something more about myself.（NMET97）常考的逻辑错误形式还有：连词常考的逻辑错误形式还有：连词but,and,or和和so的混用。的混用。She was smiling but nodding at me.（NMET00）It looks as if my
8、 parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.（NMET01）试做下面试做下面2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错。较全面地反映了口诀。年全国高考试题中的短文改错。较全面地反映了口诀。their去掉moreandor 英语改错训练英语改错训练 Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiMountain in Sichuan.As everyone knows,its famous 76._mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The we
9、ather 77._was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78._the mountain,three of them were very excited.As we 79._ climbed the mountain,we saw monkeys,visiting temples 80._and told stories.On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._since the scenery was so beautiful.Time passes quickly.82._
10、Evening came down.We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83._of the mountain.The food was expensive and the service was 84._good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85._head touched the pillow.答案与简析：答案与简析：76.famous前加上前加上a。（名词数）。（名词数）。77.正确正确 78.we前面加前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。，引导一个时间状语从句。（句
11、子成分多分析）（句子成分多分析）79.them us（逻辑错误须关注）（逻辑错误须关注）80.visiting visited（非谓动词细辨别）（非谓动词细辨别）81.picture pictures（名词数）（名词数）82.passes passed（动词形）（动词形）83.去掉去掉down（习惯用法要记住）（习惯用法要记住）84.and but（but,and,or和和 so）85.去掉去掉at（句子成分多分析（句子成分多分析/习惯用法要记住）。习惯用法要记住）。短文改错的训练方法短文改错的训练方法三步法：三步法：1.通读全文，掌握大意通读全文，掌握大意2.逐句分析，找出深层错误逐句分析，
12、找出深层错误3.复读全文，检查调整复读全文，检查调整英语改错训练（二英语改错训练（二)When you are traveling abroad,it is importance to follow1._ the customs of the country where you are visiting.If you are invited 2._ to a home in Britain,here is some advices.As soon as you are invited,3._ it is good manners to refuse or accept an invitatio
13、n,either by 4._writing or by telephoning.When you go to the party,it is polite 5._ to arrive at on time.It is good manners to shake hands with your 6._ host and any guests.You can take a present if you like,7._ possible a bottle of wine,a box of chocolates or some flowers.8._ However,it was not bad
14、manners to take nothing.It is not polite 9._ to stay too late before the other guests have gone.Of course,10._ it is good manners to write or telephone a day or two later to thank your host.答案与简析答案与简析 1.Importance important。属句型。属句型It is+adj.+to do sth.。2.where which2./that或去掉或去掉where。先行词在定语从句中作宾语。先行
15、词在定语从句中作宾语。3.advices advice。3.advice 为不可数名词。为不可数名词。4.an the。此处的。此处的“请柬请柬”是特指。是特指。5.本行无错。本行无错。6.去掉去掉at。arrive 后没宾语。后没宾语。7.guest前加前加other。表与其他客人握手。表与其他客人握手。8.possible possibly。修饰。修饰take。9.was is。时态一致。时态一致。10.before after。根据上下文，此处表达根据上下文，此处表达其他客人走后。其他客人走后。短文改错训练短文改错训练(三三)Know what to do in case of fire
16、 is important.1._ If the fire broke out,what would you do?First,you 2._ should warn everyone in the house about the dangerous.3._ Dont panic（惊慌）（惊慌）or start shouting.Be calmly and 4._ act fast.Second,you and all the others should go out of 5._ the house.Dont stopped to take anything with you.Once 6.
17、_ you are out of the house,stay out.Do not come back 7._ for any reason.Finally,before you are out of the house,8._ call the fire department.Do not try to put out of the fire 9._ yourself.That can very dangerous.10._.答案与简析答案与简析 1.Know Knowing。动名词短语作主语。动名词短语作主语。2.the a。此处。此处fire 属泛指。属泛指。3.Dangerous d
18、anger。名词作介词宾语。名词作介词宾语。4.calmly calm。用形容词作表语。用形容词作表语。5.本行无错。本行无错。6.stopped stop。这是祈使句的否定式，动词应该用原形。这是祈使句的否定式，动词应该用原形。7.Come go。从上下文语义可知。从上下文语义可知。8.before when或或after。9.去掉去掉of。put out 是及物动词短语。是及物动词短语。10.can后加后加be。缺谓语动词。缺谓语动词。Homework:Correct the mistakes in the two articles.短文改错口诀短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副；动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。