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1、 七选五七选五任务型阅读解题技巧 Gap-filling 临泽县第一中学临泽县第一中学陈明华陈明华2018.6.26 Gap-filling ContentsnPre-class 七选五考试题型及考查重点nIn-class 七选五解题技巧（方法及步骤）n Sample&Sum-upnActivity Exercise&Check(Team work)nPost-class Homework七选五高考题型七选五高考题型THINGS THAT WE MUST KNOW:1.考察方式（考试题型）：考察方式（考试题型）：给出一篇缺少5个句子个句子的短文和7个选项个选项。要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的
2、句子填入相应空白处。有两个多余选项有两个多余选项。2.考纲解读（考察重点）：考纲解读（考察重点）：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）3.选材特点选材特点：短文一般为300词左右的说明文说明文或议论文议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。4.设空类型设空类型 主旨句主旨句（标题类（大小标题），主题句类）过渡性句子过渡性句子（文章结构，段首，段中，段尾）细节注释性句子细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义，词汇衔接）七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧解题步骤：解题步骤：（在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读（在高考的现场如果
3、考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试以下四步走。以下四步走。)n1.先读文章的开始部分文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后前后句寻找并画出关键词关键词。（一名(名词名词)袋（代词代词）鼠（数词数词）很特殊（特殊疑问词特殊疑问词），连（连词连词）蹦（动词动词）带跳很彪（标点标点/标题标题）悍。）n2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：为三种：结构衔接、词汇衔接、逻辑衔接结构衔接、词汇衔接、逻辑衔接。可按这
4、几个。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。n3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。n4.将选项选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）n n1.标题型标题型 短小精悍短小精悍n n（多为（多为名词性短语、祈使句名词性短语、祈使句）n n2.首句型首句型n1)首段首段首句首句n2)中间段中间段首句首句n3)末段末段首句首句文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应靠上下文承接做题靠上下文承接做题总结下文总结下文 本段主题本段主题文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，
5、首尾呼应Be an inventor The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it!Perhaps this sounds crazy,but its true.Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing,so read on to discover the truth.What to expect at high school Are you super worried about what to expect at high school?Well,guess wha
6、t?Everyone is!The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day!Spring picnic With spring in full swing,theres no better way to celebrate the season than with a picnic.大标题大标题大标题大标题大标题大标题短小精悍，大写短小精悍，大写1小标题小标题短小精悍，结构一致短小精悍，结构一致 Be on time When meeting someone for.Introduce yourself
7、and ask for names Make sure you properly.Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!小标题小标题小标题小标题2 Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!_ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.A.Change!B.Ask
8、a question!C.Class work is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.B 2 Be fun!_ Think about the people you most enjoy being
9、 withusually they are always on the up and up.Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you.It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what
10、happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.G段首段首段首段首概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。3 How fast can a home remodeling(改造改造)project be completed?_ At le
11、ast,thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces（交换空间）（交换空间）.A.About 48 hours.B.Wow!Thats great!C.But you didnt see that on the show.D.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.E.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.F.But one couple in Portland,Oregon,ha
12、ted their new room.G.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.4A段中段中承上启下承上启下 They work a lot more.Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more.They have long lists of things they want to get done._A.They avoid the crowd
13、s.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up.D.So they have to put in lots of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt controlling.F.Successful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.5D段尾段尾段尾段尾总结，总结，总结，总结，承上启下承上启下承上启下承上启下Part IIPassag
14、e 1 _ Universities in Britain are a magnet for overseas students.There are currently over 200 000 from outside Britain studying at British universities.The largest single group is Chinese students.There are currently 50 000 in the UK.A.Universities in the UKB.It is very simple to become an internati
15、onal student in the UKC.Scholarships in Universities 标题标题1.（新课标全国卷）（新课标全国卷）n 73_nWhen a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.nA.Show your true interest.nB.Restate the question with respect.nC.Some ideas can be qui
16、te concrete.2.(辽宁卷）辽宁卷）nGo for a walk.n Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical are blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._ 74_nA.This can be especially harmful to the age
17、d.nB.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.nC.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.AC Ex.10 _ Every day,when she comes back home from work,she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture,and putting ever
18、ything in order.She seems to be busy all the time.Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.A.she enjoys listening to class music.B.She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C.My mother is hardworking and never wa
19、stes money.D.As a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.Part IIPassage 4 Not all past predictions have been proved wrong._ Some great thinkers predicted the arriveal of the credit card,the fax machine and even the internet-years before they happened.A.Predictions of the FutureB
20、.A few of them have been surprisingly accurate.C.It hasnt appear yet.段中段中Part IIPassage 3 Nowadays in China,parents care about their childrens education more than anything else.They spend a lot coaching(训练训练)their children in their studies.Some even hire teachers for their children.Many have their c
21、hildren sent to after-class schools._.A.It seems as if a better education is all that parents expect for their children.B.Skills and knowledge means competition.C.Skills and knowledge doesnt mean all.段尾段尾小结一小结一 Structure 文章结文章结 构构 n 大标题大标题n 小标题小标题n 段首段首n 段中段中n 段尾段尾15432Step 2 Key words关键词关键词 The sci
22、entists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age pe
23、ople lived a simple life.BBut today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case,they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.1.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used
24、to suffer from diseases of civilization.sicknessessicknessesE同词复现同词复现On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those
25、disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However?反义词复现反义词复现Dont fear people _.The reason most people dont take ris
26、ks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve,you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.A.Focus on your own talents and strengthsB.Never let others opinions guide your choices.C.Stay fearless in everything you will have
27、to do.派生词复现派生词复现C2A birthday surprise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen.He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._ Where was his birthday cake?Did his family forget his special day?A.And there was nobody.B.Where were his birthday presents?C.All he saw was a
28、 not no the ground.B同构复现同构复现小结三小结三 Key words 关键词关键词n词汇复现词汇复现n复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对不同的位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述。描述。n复现关系，主要是指复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现，同构复现（注意主从复合句结词复现，同构复现（注意主从复合句结构）等构）等。Everybody gets stressed t
29、ime to time.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives.72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test,or the death of a belove
30、d pet.A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.C.Different people feel stress in different ways E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+亲戚亲戚+朋友（同范畴）朋友（同范畴）F 73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry an
31、d to recognize the real cause of the anger,B.He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.A.Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyA72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.
32、They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._73_E.In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G.Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.GESummary:七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧3：代词提示代词提示 英语表达中代词出现
33、的频率极高，代词的作用无非英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。确而快速地解题。it:单数名词或整个句子；单数名词或整个句子；they/them:复数名词；复数名词；one:单数可数名词；单数可数名词；that:不可数名词或句子；不可数名词或句子；this:单数名词或句子；单数名词或句子；these/those:前句的复数名词。前句的复数名词。4)数字线索数字线索包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇包括具体数字
34、以及和数字相关的词汇诸如诸如ratio,rate等等。作者列出数字，除了等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。用数据来说明一个观点。Sixty years ago,people asked about your astrological sign._ These days,having a web address is almost as important as a street address.A.Start simply.B.Nowadays,they want to know your website.C.
35、At the top of the page is a banner Graphic.Sixty years agoNowadaysStep 3 Logical relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系n1._ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市),in India.nA.Sometimes they even write the script by hand.nB.Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood,in the USA.B转折转折n2._ This is be
36、cause some people have certain qualities,which others do not.nA.Some people succeed,while others may not.nB.As the famous saying goes,“No pains,no gains.”A因果因果n3._ In the other words,when you are in love with someone,you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.nA.Another proverb says“Love i
37、s blind.”nB.Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.A解释解释n4.Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.nA.You must write your notes
38、on separate paper.nB.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.B并列并列（顺序）（顺序）转折转折：however,still,though,yet,in spite of,in any case,on the contrary,otherwise,but,while.解释解释：in fact,actually,for example,in other words,as a matter of fact,that is t
39、o say.递进递进：further,furthermore,more over,whats more,besides,in addition,not onlybut also小结三小结三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系n转折转折n因果因果n解释解释n并列（顺序）并列（顺序）Lets review 回顾回顾nMethods 方法方法nSteps 步骤步骤1)词汇复现法（词汇复现法（复现、复现、复现、复现、3)线索线索4)线索线索5 线索线索1)如果问题在段首、标题（段落如果问题在段首、标题（段落 句）句）Conclusion:细节类：细节类：篇章结构类篇章结构类2)
40、如果问题在段尾（如果问题在段尾（语句）语句）2)词汇同现法（与此词汇最接近的词同一领词汇同现法（与此词汇最接近的词同一领域的词汇）域的词汇）同义词同义词近义词近义词反义词反义词复现等）复现等）代词代词数字数字过渡词过渡词主题主题结论、概括性结论、概括性 SummarizingSummarize methodsPronounPronoun代词代词Time时间词时间词Article冠词冠词Similar相同词相同词The sameThe same相近词相近词Key wordsBefore blankBefore blank空前空前After blankAfter blank空后空后choicech
41、oice选项选项ForetellingCompoundCompound并列并列Cause Cause and effectand effect因果因果TransitionTransition转折转折Interpre-Interpre-tationtation解释解释Connectionpunctualpunctual标点标点我爱七选五（一）我爱七选五（一）我爱七选五（一）我爱七选五（一）Part IPassage 1Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are s
42、urrounded by people who think that way._A.There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.B.Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.C.On the contrary,if you are around people who are happy,their emotional state will be infectious.are aroundSurround词
43、汇复现词汇复现Part IPassage 2 _ The image includes the way you look,the way you act,the way you talk and the way you think.Interestingly,our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.A.Always love yourself.B.Self-image is your own minds picture of yourself.C.Dont allow doub
44、ts to occur in it.self-imagesSelf-imageimage词汇复现词汇复现Part IPassage 3 _ Improved thinking abilities will help them to understand more both in academic sense and in as an individual.Always love yourself.A.Thinking is a skill.B.Creative thinking techniques can develop childrens mind.C.Thinking is a tool
45、,and it is something that can be sharpened.themchildren代词线索代词线索Part IPassage 4 _ They give more background and details.They also let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest.A.Both television and the Internet have many disadvantages.B.Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadva
46、ntages.C.Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.TheyNewspapers and magazinesread代词、词汇代词、词汇同现同现Part IPassage 6 Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies.Firstly,players are actively involved in violence,and may be
47、gin to use weapons as second nature._ A.Children are most likely to become addicted to violent videogames.B.At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked to an addiction with violent video games.C.Secondly,violent games provide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by more killing.Fi
48、rstlySecondly过渡词；递过渡词；递进进Part IPassage 7 _ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai,in India.Mumbai used to be known as Bombay,and so the film industry there is called“Bollywood”A.Sometimes they even write the script by hand.B.Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood,in the
49、 United States.C.They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same clothes.However转折过渡词转折过渡词Part IIPassage 2 _ When a person does a certain thing again,he is impelled(迫使迫使)by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly;thus a habit is formed.Once a habit is formed,it
50、is difficult,and sometimes impossible,to get rid of.A.It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.B.Habits,whether good or bad,are gradually formed.C.Whether good or not habits are,they are easy to get rid of.段首段首段落主题句段落主题句Part IIPassage 3 Nowadays in China,parents care