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1、非谓语动词非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的基本概念和形式一、非谓语动词的基本概念和形式在句子中做谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语在句子中做谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。动词。非谓语动词分为非谓语动词分为4种形式：不定式、种形式：不定式、ing形式、形式、过去分词过去分词不定式的形式：不定式的形式：语态语态时态时态一般式一般式完成式完成式主动主动被动被动to doto have doneto be doneto have been done动名词和现在分词的形式动名词和现在分词的形式语态语态时态时态一般式一般式完成式完成式主动主动被动被动doingbeing donehaving do
2、nehaving been done过去分词：过去分词：done否定形式：否定形式：not+不定式，不定式，not+动名词，动名词，not+现在分词现在分词二、非谓语动词在句子中的成分二、非谓语动词在句子中的成分主语：不定式、动名词主语：不定式、动名词He told us whether to have a picnic was still underdiscussion.When and where to hold the meeting has not beendecided yet.Missing this train means waiting for another hour.Bei
3、ng friends means learning from and helping each other.Toms being late again made his teacher angry.表语：四种非谓语动词都可做表语表语：四种非谓语动词都可做表语Please remain seated until the plane has come toa complete stop.The story is very interesting,so children are interested in it.宾语：动名词、不定式宾语：动名词、不定式宾补：不定式、现在分词、过去分词宾补：不定式、现
4、在分词、过去分词Ask sb.to do-;order,persuade;want;permit;Allow;forbid;force;beg;demand-Keep sb.working all the day;Leave the door closed定语：都可以作定语定语：都可以作定语不定式只能做后置定语；不定式只能做后置定语；单个动名词、现在分词、过去分词可以做前置定语单个动名词、现在分词、过去分词可以做前置定语其构成的短语作后置定语其构成的短语作后置定语a swimming pool;reading room-a sleeping baby;a running car-fallen
5、leaves;the flood-hit/stricken area The meeting held yesterday was a success.The meeting being held now is very important.The meeting to be held next week will be very important.非谓语动词短语做后置定语是定语从句的省略，要注意非谓语动词短语做后置定语是定语从句的省略，要注意非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词的时态和语态状语：不定式、现在分词、过去分词状语：不定式、现在分词、过去分词不定式只做目的状语和意外结果状语不定式只做
6、目的状语和意外结果状语目的状语，可位于句首和句末；目的状语，可位于句首和句末；I hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.做意外结果状语只能位于句末做意外结果状语只能位于句末only to be told非谓语动词作状语是状语从句的省略非谓语动词作状语是状语从句的省略If Im not tired from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.If not tired from work,I will-.When you are crossing the stree
7、t,you should be careful.When crossing the street,you should-.Because the postman were bitten twice,he refusedto deliver our letters unless we chainded our dog.Bitten twice,the postman refused to-.After he had been told many times,he finally understood it.Having been told many times,he finally-.A sma
8、ll plane crashed into a hillside five miles eastof the city and killed all four people on board.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles eastof the city,killing all four people on board.三、非谓语动词解题步骤三、非谓语动词解题步骤1.解析句子结构，判断考谓语动词还是非谓语动词；解析句子结构，判断考谓语动词还是非谓语动词；2.解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的成分；解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的成分；3.找准设空动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是找准设空动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是 什么关系（主动还是被动）；什么关系（主动还是被动）；4.搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当 形式；形式；5.将该选项置入空中，看能否做到字从意顺，传达有效将该选项置入空中，看能否做到字从意顺，传达有效 信息、完成交际任务。信息、完成交际任务。