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1、被动语态被动语态The Passive Voice(中考链接中考链接)Zhuang XiaoxiaLuoyang Middle SchoolThe jacket of wool.(make)It for keeping warm.(use)It in Guangzhou.(make)Please complete the sentences.is madeis madeis used主动语态和被动语态：主动语态和被动语态：英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示
2、主语是动作的执行者，）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语动作的承受者。如：被动语态表示主语动作的承受者。如：被动语态（被动语态（The Passive Voice）eg.We use a knife for cutting(主动句主动句).A knife is used for cutting(被动句被动句)。构成：构成：be+Vt.PP（过去分词）（过去分词）【考例考例1】The Olympic Games _every four years.南京市南京市 A are held B were held Care holding Dwill hold【考例考例2】Today C
3、hinese _by more and more people around the world.（南通市）南通市）A.was spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.speak 【考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结构构一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态 表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在时的被动语态。时的被动语态。其构成为：其构成为：amisare+Vt.PPAB【考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结构构【考例考例3】一一Did you hear that water in Tai
4、 Lake smelt terrible?一一YesIn fact，it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around盐城盐城 A polluted B was polluted C has polluted D was pollute【考例考例4】Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden(南京南京)Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere plant
5、ed一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。被动语态。其结构为其结构为 ：waswere+Vt.PPBD【考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结构构【考例考例5】Some famous paintings _in the hall next week.淮安市淮安市 A.will show B.were shown C.is shown D.will be shown【考例考例6】A talk on developments in science and technology _
6、 in the school hall next week.A.given B.will be given C.has been given D.gives （徐州市）（徐州市）一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时的被动语态。的被动语态。其结构为其结构为:willshall be+Vt.PP或或amisare going to be+Vt.PPDB【考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结构构【考例考例7】Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang
7、 _ Goodwill Ambassadors（亲善大使）（亲善大使）for Shanghai.A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named （2006江苏徐州）江苏徐州）【考例考例8】My English book _.I cant lend it to you.（连云港）（连云港）A.has been lost B.was lost C.has lost D.lostBA现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该动作
8、的结果对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态动作的结果对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态。其结构为：其结构为：havehas been+Vt.PP【考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结构构含有情态动词的被动结构含有情态动词的被动结构情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词must/can/could/may/might/have to+be+vt.p.p【考例考例9】Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.扬州扬州 A.allow B.be allow C.allowed D.be all
9、owed【考例考例10】-What should we do first if we want to develop our village？-A lot of new roads _，I think.（苏州）（苏州）A.have to build B.must build C.have built D.must be builtDD【考点二考点二】动词动词不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态be asked to dobe told to dobe invited to dobe chosen to dobe encouraged to dobe allowed to doask sb.to d
10、otell sb.to doinvite sb.to dochoose sb.to doencourage sb.to doallow sb.to do主动主动被动被动sb.【考例考例1】Students are told _(not copy)others homework.【考例考例2】张老师总是鼓励我们尽可能多讲英语。张老师总是鼓励我们尽可能多讲英语。We _ English as often as possible by Mr.Zhang【考例考例3】他们允许在这里吸烟吗他们允许在这里吸烟吗?_they _ smoke here?not to copy are always encou
11、raged to speak Are allowed to【考点三考点三】省略省略“toto”的不定式的被动语的不定式的被动语态态【考例考例1】Mary _ the song every lunchtime.(无锡市无锡市)A.heard sing B.is heard singing C.is heard to sing D.is heard sing【考例考例2】The students in Grade 9 _ their homework for more than three hours every weekend.(淮安市淮安市)A.are made do B.are made t
12、o do C.were made do D.were made to do BChear sb.dohear sb.doseesee sbsb.do.dowatch sb.do.watch sb.do.make sb.domake sb.dolet sb dolet sb dohave sb.dohave sb.dofeel sb do feel sb do notice sb do notice sb do 主动主动被动被动主动语态中省略主动语态中省略“to”的不定式，在被动语态中要加上的不定式，在被动语态中要加上“to”，如，如hear（听）；（听）；see、watch（看）；（看）；ma
13、ke、let、have（让）；（让）；Feel（感觉）；（感觉）；notice（注意）等，（注意）等，口诀：一听二看三让一感觉一口诀：一听二看三让一感觉一口诀：一听二看三让一感觉一口诀：一听二看三让一感觉一注意。注意。注意。注意。sb.be heard be heard toto do do be seen be seen toto do dobe watched be watched toto do dobe made be made toto do dobe let be let toto do dobe had be had toto do dobe felt be felt toto
14、do dobe noticed be noticed toto do do【考点四考点四】带双宾语的被动语态带双宾语的被动语态 tell sth to sb.give sth.to sb.show sth to sb.pass sth.to sb.sell sth.to sb.lend sth.to sb.bring sth.to sb.buy sth.for sb.make sth for sb.be told to sb.be given to sb.be shown to sbbe passed to sb.be sold to sb.be lent to sb.be brought t
15、o sb.be bought for sb.be made for sb.主动主动被动被动sth.（点拨：带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词（点拨：带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词toto还是还是forfor）【考例考例1 1】The results of the exam _ the students parents in three days.A.were told B.were told to C.will be told D.will be told to【考例考例2 2】爸爸给我做了个风筝。爸爸给我做了个风筝。A kite _ by my father.Dis made for me【考点五考
16、点五】注意短语动词的完整性注意短语动词的完整性 look for look for sb.sb.look look after after sb.sb.take care take care of of sb.sb.laughlaugh at at sb.sb.speak to speak to sb.sb.listen to sb.listen to sb.be looked be looked forforbe looked be looked afterafterbe taken care be taken care ofofbe laughed be laughed atatbe sp
17、oken be spoken totobe listenedbe listened to to主动主动被动被动【考例考例1】这个生病的孩子必须好好地照顾，以便他不久能去上学。这个生病的孩子必须好好地照顾，以便他不久能去上学。The sick child must _ so that he can go to school soon【考例考例2】Must old people_ politely?A.speak B.spoken C.be spoken D.be spoken tosb.（注意：短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意）（注意：短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意）be take
18、n good care ofbe looked after wellDhand sth.inhand sth.insth.sth.be handed be handed inin【考点六考点六】过去分词短语作定语过去分词短语作定语 过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后，表过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后，表示完成和被动的意义，作用相当于定语从句。示完成和被动的意义，作用相当于定语从句。【考例考例1】He is reading a novel （write）by Lu Xun.【考例考例2】Some of the people (invite)to the party cant come.w
19、ritten(=which was written)(=who have been invited)invited【考点七考点七】不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况不及物动词不及物动词 happen,take place(发生发生),break out（爆发）（爆发）come out(出版出版,开花开花)没有被动语态没有被动语态某些感官动词和某些感官动词和 系动词如系动词如look,sound,taste,smell,feel后加后加adj.做表语，做表语，主动形式表被动意义主动形式表被动意义。【考例考例1】The woman still doesnt know what _ (happen
20、)in her hometown while she was away.【考例考例2】His new novel _ next month.A.come out B.will come out C.will be come out D.came out【考例考例3】Whats wrong with the orange?It terrible.A.is tasting B.is tasted C.tastes D.tasted【考例考例4】The water (feel)very cold.happenedCfeelsB【考点七考点七】不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况某些可和某些可和wel
21、l,easily等副词连用的动词，如等副词连用的动词，如：sell,wash,write,ride【考例考例5】This kind of books well.They out yesterday.A.is sold,sold B.sell,sold C.is sold,were sold D.sells,were sold【考例考例6】I bought a pen yesterday.It (write)as well as yours.need,want(需要）需要）,be worth等后用动名词表被动。等后用动名词表被动。【考例考例7】My watch doesnt work.It ne
22、eds (repair).【考例考例8】这本书对我很有用，值得一读。这本书对我很有用，值得一读。This book is me and it .Dwritesvery useful tois worth reading.repairingneed doing=need to be doneto be repairedSum-up【考点一考点一考点一考点一】各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态结结结结构构构构一般现在时一般现在时:一般过去时一般过去时:一般将来时一般将来时:现在完成时现在完成时:含有情态动词含有情态动词:am/is/are+am/is/are+
23、Vt.p.pVt.p.pcan/may/might/must/should/have to+can/may/might/must/should/have to+bebe+Vt.p.pwill/shall+will/shall+bebe +Vt.p.pam/is/are going to am/is/are going to be be+Vt.p.p+Vt.p.phave/has+have/has+beenbeen+Vt.p.pwas/were+was/were+Vt.p.p【考点二考点二考点二考点二】动词动词动词动词不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态【考点三考点三考点三考点三】省略省略“toto”的不定式的被动的不定式的被动语态语态【考点四考点四考点四考点四】带双宾语的被动语态带双宾语的被动语态带双宾语的被动语态带双宾语的被动语态 【考点五考点五考点五考点五】注意短语动词的完整性注意短语动词的完整性【考点六考点六考点六考点六】过去分词短语作定语过去分词短语作定语【考点七考点七考点七考点七】不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况