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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes languages points 1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.假设你的家开始晃动假设你的家开始晃动,你你必须立刻离开必须立刻离开Shake（shook,shaken)v.摇动摇动,摇摇,颤抖颤抖,震动震动n.摇动摇动,摇摇,颤抖颤抖,震动震动翻译翻译:服药前请摇动瓶子服药前请摇动瓶子Please shake the bottle before taking the medicine.当当火车经过时大地在剧烈地震动火车经过时大地在剧烈地震动When
2、the train passed by,the earth shook seriously这个可怜的孩子正冻得发抖这个可怜的孩子正冻得发抖The poor child was shaking with cold.联想记忆联想记忆:shake hands with sb.shake ones head/nod ones head shake sb by the hand=shake ones hand shake ones fist at sb right away=right now=at once=immediately 立刻立刻;马上马上 We must be off right away
3、/right now.Its eight.请立刻把这篇文章打出来请立刻把这篇文章打出来Please type this article out right away/right nowright away不可用于进行时态不可用于进行时态,right now还相当于还相当于 at this very moment;at present在此刻在此刻,此时此时,可用于可用于进行时态进行时态 他们正在录制唱片他们正在录制唱片 They are making the record right now翻译翻译:他此刻正在写一本小说他此刻正在写一本小说He is writing a novel right
4、now.现在是暑假我在农场上帮助爸爸干活现在是暑假我在农场上帮助爸爸干活Right now it is summer vocation and Im helping my dad on the farm.2.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.三天来三天来,村子的水井中的水位村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停升升落落不停.rise(rose,risen)vi.升起升起,起身起身,高耸高耸,增长增长,上上升升 n.上升上升,增加增加,上涨上涨,发生发生,出现出现Everyone knows
5、 that the sun rises in the east.He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.Prices continue to rise.raise reIz(raised,raising)vt.抬高；举起抬高；举起I will not raise a hand against you.我不会做任何不利于你的事。我不会做任何不利于你的事。提高；增加提高；增加to raise salaries提高工资提高工资他把手臂举过头顶。他把手臂举过头顶。He raised his arms above his head.他们坚决要求提高工
6、资他们坚决要求提高工资They insisted on raising salaries rise 与与 raise 上升，提高上升，提高The price of tomatoes has _(rise,raise)recently.The price of the tomatoes has been _ (rise,raise)recently.He _(rise,raise)the child from the groundThe child _(rise,raise)from the ground.roseraisedraisedrose3.A smelly gas came out o
7、f the cracks.发臭的气体发臭的气体从裂缝中冒出来。从裂缝中冒出来。smelly adj.有臭味的有臭味的 eg:The food was smelly.扩展扩展:n.+y构成形容词构成形容词 blood-mud-sun-cloud-rain-wind-taste-dream-ice-greed-fat-fog-4.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.tooto 太太以至于不能以至于不能(表否定表否定)口头翻译口头翻译:李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军L
8、i Pings brother is too young to join the army.=Li Pings brother is not old enough to join.听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来.Hearing the good news,he was too nervous to speak.“tooto”结构之前带有结构之前带有only,but,never,not,时，时，是强调是强调肯定肯定的表示法，译作的表示法，译作“非常非常”“十分十分”“实在实在”真是太真是太”等等I am only too happy to teach you.我我非
9、常高兴教你们。非常高兴教你们。He is but too glad to do so他他非常喜欢这样做非常喜欢这样做You can never be too old to enjoy a song.我们绝对不会老得不能获得歌曲带来的欢乐我们绝对不会老得不能获得歌曲带来的欢乐Tooto.结构中带有表示结构中带有表示心情心情或或描绘性描绘性的的adj/advEg ready,eager,satisfied,kind,willing,anxious etcShe is too ready to help other.他乐于助人。他乐于助人。I am too eager to have a world
10、 trip.我很想去环球旅行我很想去环球旅行扩扩展展修饰单数名词修饰单数名词 too+adj.+a+n:I think shes too kind a girl to refuse.扩扩展展:5.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在城市里在城市里,有些建筑物里的水管有些建筑物里的水管 出现裂缝或者破裂出现裂缝或者破裂.crack vi.使开裂使开裂,破裂破裂,eg:The ice cracked as I stepped onto it.玻璃制成的瓶子当从桌子摔落到地上时容易破碎玻璃制成的瓶子当从桌子
11、摔落到地上时容易破碎The bottles made of glass easily crack when they fell into the ground from the table.n.裂缝裂缝,裂纹裂纹翻译翻译:今天别去滑冰了今天别去滑冰了-冰上有危险的裂缝冰上有危险的裂缝.Dont go skating today-there are dangerous cracks in the ice.镜子破裂了镜子破裂了The mirror cracked.墙上有个裂缝墙上有个裂缝There is a crack in the wall爆炸；胀裂；爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入突然而起；闯入bu
12、rst(burst,burst;bursting)The balloon burst suddenly.气球突然爆炸了气球突然爆炸了水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.(水库水库,堤坝等堤坝等)决决口口河水冲毁了堤岸，淹没了村子河水冲毁了堤岸，淹没了村子The river burst its banks and flooded the town.If you get much fatter you will burst your clothes.扩展扩展:burst into+n 突然突然.bu
13、rst into tears burst into songburst into leafburs into flower她突然闯进门。她突然闯进门。She burst into the door.突然哭起来突然哭起来突然唱起来突然唱起来长出叶子长出叶子开花开花burst out+v-ing :suddenly begin doing sthburst out cryingburst out laughingburst out singing 突然哭起来突然哭起来突然笑起来突然笑起来突然唱起来突然唱起来burst into the room 闯入房间闯入房间 a burst of applau
14、se/anger/tears 一阵一阵.6.It seemed that the world was at an end.似乎世界末日来临似乎世界末日来临 at en end 结束结束;终结终结The war was at an end.区分区分:at the end of;by the end of;in the end.There is a big bookstore _ this road.There is a pretty bird singing _ the tree.How many English words had you learned _ _ last term.He wi
15、ll be a scientist _.My father will return home _ _ this year.at the end ofat the end of by the end of in the end at the end ofbring/put.to an end 使终止使终止come to an end.结束结束end up with 以以.而告终而告终at the end(of):在在末尾，指时间和空间末尾，指时间和空间by the end of:到到末为止末为止in the end:最后，最终，不与最后，最终，不与of 连用连用其他词组：其他词组：7.In fi
16、fteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins在可怕的十五秒钟内在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟一座大城市变为废墟.ruin n.废墟废墟(c.n),毁灭毁灭(u.n)Vt.使毁使毁灭灭 in ruins 荒芜的荒芜的,成为废墟成为废墟,一般用作表一般用作表语语战争给这个国家带来了毁灭战争给这个国家带来了毁灭The war brought ruin to the country.Our plan is in ruins我们的计划泡汤了我们的计划泡汤了暴风雨摧毁了农作物暴风雨摧毁了农作物The storm ruined the crops.
17、那建筑物已断壁残垣那建筑物已断壁残垣 如果你继续这样愚蠢下去如果你继续这样愚蠢下去,你将自毁前程你将自毁前程You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish.The building is in ruins8.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤亡或受伤 injure vt.损害损害,受伤受伤 adj.injured 受伤的受伤的,受委屈的受委屈的He cant play
18、 today because hes injured his knee.因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。Among the dead and injured,there were six children.死伤的人中，有六名儿童。死伤的人中，有六名儿童。辨析辨析:hurt,injure,wound hurt受伤的一般用语受伤的一般用语,常指心灵的伤害常指心灵的伤害,也可指身体也可指身体的受伤或疼痛的受伤或疼痛.wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤指战场上的刀伤或枪伤 damage 指对物体的破坏或损坏指对物体的破坏或损坏 injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤一般指由于
19、意外或事故而受伤,也可以表示也可以表示“损害名誉损害名誉,伤害感情等伤害感情等”His words _her feelings.It _the eyes to read in the sun.More than 200 people were _in the car accident.The soldiers were _-in the battle.hurthurtsinjuredwounded9.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000.伤亡的人数达到伤亡的人数达到400 000.He
20、 sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18.Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.Weve got to reach an agreement about this question.The boy wasnt tall enough to reach the branches.The park reaches as far as the river.达到达到(指某种数目指某种数目)抵达抵达,传到传到达成达成(协议协议)得出得出(结论结论)伸手够到伸手够到(某物某物)vi
21、.延伸延伸10.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看人们无论朝哪里看,哪里一切都几乎被哪里一切都几乎被毁坏了毁坏了.everywhere=wherever=no matter where在这里做连词用在这里做连词用,引导状语从句引导状语从句.如如:Everywhere he appeared,he was popular.无论他出现在哪里，他都是受欢的无论他出现在哪里，他都是受欢的无论他去哪，他的狗都跟着他。无论他去哪，他的狗都跟着他。Everywhere he goes,his dogs follows
22、 him.everywhere pron.到处，处处到处，处处我们到处找你。我们到处找你。We have looked everywhere for you.到处是深谷到处是深谷 Everywhere are deep valleys.11.Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了tens of thousands of 数以万计的数以万计的 hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的成百上千的 hundreds of thousands 数以十万计的数以十万计的 tho
23、usands of 数千计的数千计的 millions of 数百万计的数百万计的 scores of 许许多多的许许多多的 dozens of 许多，大量许多，大量 12.People were shocked.人们感到震惊人们感到震惊.I was shocked at the news of her death.He was shocked to know he had been cheatedLiu xiang shocked the whole world (2)n.打击打击,震惊震惊,休克休克The shock of the failure in the exam made her
24、ill.It gave me quite a shock to learn that he had married again.The patient went into another shock.shock vt.&n.(1)vt.Cause a shock to sb.使某人吃惊使某人吃惊,使愤慨使愤慨13.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中困在废墟中rescue vt.援救援救;营救营救 rescue sb from sb/sth救出一
25、孩子免于溺毙救出一孩子免于溺毙rescue a child from drowning解放军战士从即将倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太。解放军战士从即将倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太。The PLA man rescued the old lady from the falling house.n.援救援救,营救营救a rescue team;a rescue mission.救援队；营救任务救援队；营救任务trap(trapped,trapped)n.陷阱，圈套陷阱，圈套vt.使受限制使受限制(困困)于于;诱骗诱骗The car was trapped in the deep snow.15.peop
26、le began to wonder how long the disaster would last.人们开始困惑这灾难要持续多久人们开始困惑这灾难要持续多久disaster(c.n.)灾难灾难,灾祸灾祸,灾害灾害 adj.disastrous adv.disastrously16.The army organized teams to dig out those who are trapped and to bury the dead.军队组成救援队军队组成救援队挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。bury vt.(1)place(a dead body)in th
27、e ground埋埋葬葬 eg:He was buried with his wife.(2)hide 掩埋掩埋 隐藏隐藏,Our dog buries its bones in the garden.She buried her face in her hands and wept.她双手掩面哭了起来她双手掩面哭了起来.(3)短语短语:bury oneself in the country 隐居乡间隐居乡间bury oneself in sth 埋头于某事物埋头于某事物,专心致志于某事专心致志于某事 be buried in thoughts/memories of the past 沉思沉
28、思/回忆往事回忆往事dig out 掘出掘出;发现发现 eg:他把狐狸从洞中掘出来了，他把狐狸从洞中掘出来了，He dug out the fox from/dug the fox out of the hole.to dig information out of books 从书本挖掘知识从书本挖掘知识 to dig out truth 寻求真理寻求真理17.To the north of the city,most of the 10 000 miners were rescued from the coal mines.在城市的北部在城市的北部,一万矿工中的大多数从矿井中被救一万矿工中的
29、大多数从矿井中被救出。出。表表方位介词方位介词in,to与与onin表示表示“在其中在其中”,在境内在境内;to表示表示“向向”的意思的意思,在境外在境外 on 表示与境界相接表示与境界相接.Japan lies _ the east of Asia.Japan lies _ the east of China.Fujian lies _the northeast of Duangdong.intoon18.Fresh water was taken to the city by trainfresh adj.新鲜的新鲜的,无经验的无经验的,生的生的,(水水)淡的淡的 fresh water-salt water fresh fruit/air/vegetables a fresh hand(新手新手,初学者初学者)freshman-sophomore-junior-senior