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1、Review非谓语动词非谓语动词独立主格结构独立主格结构定语从句定语从句一、非谓语动词一、非谓语动词（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（theInfinitive）；动词的-ing形式(the ing Form)；过去分词（thePastParticiple）。1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。1.Thespeakerrais
2、edhisvoicebutstillcouldntmakehimself_.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard2.Onafternoon,MrsGreenwenttothemarket,_somebananasandvisitedhercousin.A.boughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.writing4._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.Shereachedthetopofthehillandst
3、opped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest7.-Imustapologizefor_aheadoftime.-Thatsallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow8.Ratherthan_onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding
4、5.Imthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.fordrinking6.Believeitornot,hewasseen_upstairsjustnow.A.togoB.togoingC.havinggoneD.go9.Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay10.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameouti
5、nthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written11.-Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregret_that.A.todob.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone12.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto13.-Whatdoyouthinkm
6、adeMarysoupset?-_hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing14.Shecanthelp_thehousebecauseshesbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned15.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin16.Whileshopping,peoplesometimecanthelp_i
7、ntobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.A.topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded17.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake18.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_.A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone19.WhenIgotbackh
8、omeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor_“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading独立主格结构具有两个特点：独立主格结构具有两个特点：1.独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独 立存在。立存在。2.独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。独立主格结构有三种类型：独立主格结构有三种类型：1.逻辑主语逻辑主语+非谓语动词非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）2.逻辑主语逻辑主语+(bein
9、g)+表语表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短名词、形容词、副词、介词短 语语)3.with/without+复合宾语复合宾语（不定式、现在分词、过去（不定式、现在分词、过去 分词、形容词、副词、介词短语）分词、形容词、副词、介词短语）【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】1.名词或代词名词或代词+不定式不定式其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作。其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作。2.名词或代词名词或代词+现在分词现在分词其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在进行）。有时现在分词不表
10、示进行，而表示一般情况进行）。有时现在分词不表示进行，而表示一般情况的状态或动作。的状态或动作。3.名词或代词名词或代词+过去分词过去分词其中的过去分词通常表示被动意义或完成意义。其中的过去分词通常表示被动意义或完成意义。Their room was on the third floor,its window overlooking the sports ground.他们的房间在三层楼上，窗户俯视着操场。他们的房间在三层楼上，窗户俯视着操场。The manager looks worried，many things to settle.经理看上去很着急经理看上去很着急,有这么多的事情要处理。
11、有这么多的事情要处理。（事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不（事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不定式定式to settle）The manager looks relaxed,many things settled.许多事情已经处理好了，许多事情已经处理好了，经理看上去很轻松。经理看上去很轻松。（事情已经处理好了，用动词（事情已经处理好了，用动词-ed形式形式settled表示动作表示动作已经结束）已经结束）【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】The food being cooked,the boy was watching TV.正
12、在做饭时，小孩正看电视。正在做饭时，小孩正看电视。（两个动作同时进行）（两个动作同时进行）The food cooked,the boy went to bed.饭做好了，小孩去睡了。饭做好了，小孩去睡了。（两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的）（两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的）【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】（二）无动词独立主格结构（二）无动词独立主格结构1._ no bus,we had to walk home.A.There was B.There being C.Because there being D.There were
13、2._,we all went swimming in high spirits.A.It being fine weather B.It fine weather C.It was fine weather D.It being a fine weather 3._,the hunter went into the forest.A.A gun on shoulder B.A gun was on his shoulder C.Gun on shoulder D.A gun being on shoulder 4.;we had to put the meeting off.A.Becaus
14、e the manager was ill B.The manager being ill C.The manager was ill D.Being ill5._,Ill go there with you tomorrow afternoon.A.Time permits B.If time permitting C.Time permitting D.Times permitting6._,we all went home happily.A.Goodbye was said B.Goodbye had been said C.Goodbye said D.When goodbye sa
15、id7.She stood there,_ from her cheeks.A.tears rolling down B.tears rolled down C.with tears rolled down D.tears rolling down【当堂检测】【当堂检测】1The thief stood before the policeman，_ admitting what he had done Awith his drooping head Bwith his head downCraising his head2_，he cant go out for a walk as usual
16、 AWith so much work to do BWith so much work doing CWith so much work done DWithout so much work to do 3Its quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _ Aclosed；open Bclosed；opened Cclosing；open Dclosing；opening B BA AA A4All things _，the plan trip will have to be called off Abe
17、 considered Bconsidered Cconsidering Dhaving considering 5_，we have to get down to business right away AAs there was no time left BThere is no time left CThere being no time left DThere to be no time left 6_ yesterday，we went out for a walk AAs a fine day BIt was a fine day CIt being a fine day DFor
18、 it was a fine day B BC CC C7Theoldmanstoodthere，_AwithbackagainstthewallBwithhisbackagainstthewallCwithbackagainstwallDhisbackagainstwall8._nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherewasB.TherebeingC.Becausetherebeing9._,Illgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Timesper
19、mittingB BB BC C10._,weallwenthomehappily.A.GoodbyewassaidB.GoodbyehadbeensaidC.GoodbyesaidD.Whengoodbyesaid11._,weallwentswimminginhighspirits.A.ItbeingfineweatherB.ItfineweatherC.ItwasfineweatherD.Itbeingafineweather12._,thebusstartedatonce.A.ThesignalwasgivenB.ThesignalgivingC.ThesignalgivenD.Whe
20、nthesignalgivenC CA AC C13.Shestoodthere,_fromhercheeks.A.tearsrollingdownB.tearsrolleddownC.withtearsrolleddownD.tearsrollingdown14._,theleavesareturninggreen.A.WhenspringcomingonB.SpringcomingonC.SpringcameonD.Springbeingcomeon15._,Ihadtobuyanewone.A.MydictionarylosingB.MydictionaryhavingbeenlostC
21、.MydictionaryhadbeenlostD.BecausemydictionarylostD DB BB B16.Iusedtosleepwiththewindow_.A.openedB.openC.openingDtoopen17._,thehunterwentintotheforest.A.AgunonshoulderB.AgunwasonhisshoulderC.GunonshoulderD.Agunbeingonshoulder18._productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.
22、ThroughB BD DC C19.Withalotofwork_,Ihavetosituptonight.A.doB.doingC.doneD.todo20.Hestoodtheresilently,hislips_.A.tremblingB.trembledC.weretremblingD.weretrembling21._,hersuggestionisofgreatervaluethanyours.A.AllthingsconsideringB.AllthingsconsideredC.AllthingswereconsideredD.Withallthingswereconside
23、redD DA AB B22._,wewillsurelysucceed.A.TheteacherhelpingusB.TheteachertohelpusC.TheteacherwillhelpusD.Withtheteacherhelping23Fordtrieddividingthelabor，eachworker_aseparatetaskAassigningBassignedCwasassignedDwouldbeassigned24Thelecture_，helefthisseatsoquietlythatnoonecomplainedthathisleavingdisturbed
24、thespeakerABeganBbeginningChavingbegunDbeingbeginningA AC CC C25Such_thecase，therearenogroundstojustifyyourcomplaintsAbeingBisCwasDtobe26Darkness_in，theyoungpeoplelingeredonmerrymakingAsetBsettingChassetDwasset27Withallfactors_，wethinkthisprogrammayexcelalltheothersinachievingthegoalAbeingconsidered
25、BconsideringCconsideredDareconsideredA AA AA A定语从句练习题定语从句练习题1.Theplace_interestedmemostwastheChildrensPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystaye
26、dA AC CD D4.Doyouknowtheyear_theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday_Illneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory_wellvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhichC CA AC C7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_wearework
27、ing.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook_theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalkedC CA AA A10.Thepen_heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inw
28、hichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof_satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer_myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhomA AC CD D13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass_familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whose14.Iminterestedin_youhavesaid.A.alltha
29、tB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary_wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.asD DA AA A16.Heisntsuchaman_heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,_weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,_totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhi
30、mC CB BB B19.Idontlike_asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,_isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whoC CB BD D22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof_a
31、rewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.Youretheonlyperson_Iveevermet_coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,_Icantremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthatC CC CA A25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,_Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Iha
32、veboughtsuchawatch_wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_weworkedtogetherandtheday_wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;whenC CA AA A28.Thisisthemagazine_Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich29.Thisisthereason_hedidntcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,_formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.IhavelookedafterD DD DB B