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1、Unit 3 The InternetDiscovering Useful StructuresTalk about something that has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The
2、Internet has greatly improved Jans life.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The students have cleaned the classroom.The classroom has been cleaned.You neednt clean it now.现在完成时现在完成时activepassive表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被
3、动语态现在完成时现在完成时被动语态被动语态have/has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态be donehave/has beenHow do we form the present perfect passive voice?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态肯定形式：肯定形式：His homework has been finished.否定形式：否定形式：His homework has not been finished.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Has his homework been finished yet?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：How long
4、 has his homework been finished?主语主语+have/has been done.主语主语+have/has not been done.have/has+主语主语+been done.?疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语主语+been done.?结构形式结构形式结构形式结构形式现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态用法用法用法用法1.现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态同同它它的的主主动动语语态态一一样样，强强调调过过去去的的动动作作对对现现在在造造成成的的影影响响或或结结果果，主主语语和和谓谓语语之之间间为为被被动动关关系系，通通常常与与alread
5、y,yet,just,never,recently等等副副词词连连用用。例：The machine has already been repaired.2.表表示示一一个个被被动动的的动动作作或或状状态态开开始始于于过过去去，持持续续到到现现在在，并并可可能能持持续续下下去去，常常与与for或或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long.?”句型中。句型中。例：Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.How long has this film b
6、een shown?3.用用在在时时间间或或条条件件状状语语从从句句中中，表表示示将将来来某某时时已已完完成成的的动动作作，即即用用现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态代替将来完成时的被动语态态代替将来完成时的被动语态。例：You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态注意注意注意注意1.现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别The machine has been r
7、epaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”）The machine is being repaired now.（说明动作正在进行）The machine was repaired yesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去）2.非非延延续续性性动动词词，如如borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等等构构成成的的现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态不不能能与与表表示示一一段段时时间间的的状状语语连连用用。若若要要表表达达相相应应的的意意思思，则则要要改改换换动动词词或或时态。时态。例：工程已开始三个月了。The p
8、roject has been started for three months.（F）The project has been on for three months.（T）现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态提示提示提示提示常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already 已经 yet 已经recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止for a long time 很长一段时间in recent years 在最近几年里in/during/
9、over the past/last years 在过去的几年里现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态强强调调一一个个发发生生在在过过去去的的被被动动性性的的动动作作，动动作作已已完完成成并并强强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。例：The door has already been locked.门早已经被锁上了。I have been employed at the job since 2015.自从2015年，我就做这份工作。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态2基本构
10、成基本构成：has/have been done。其他句式：肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done.?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态3.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。例：Tom has sold out all the magazines.All the magazines have been sold out
11、 by Tom.带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。We have given him the book.He has been given the book.The book has been given to him.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾
12、语补足语变为主语补足语。例：After decorating the Amber Room with jewels,the artists have made it more splendid.After being decorated with jewels,the Amber Room has been made more splendid.注意：带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。例：The boss has made his company offer more chances for people to work.H
13、is company has been made to offer more chances for people to work.动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。例：Its said that the problem has been looked into.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.Jack _ by his boss for his
14、 devotion to work.They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.A good place to build a temple in the village _.We havent yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.How to solve that difficult technological problem _ yet.当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。I will go home when my homewo
15、rk _.纸币已被使用了1000多年了。Paper money _ for over one thousand yearshas always been praisedhasnt been decidedhas been found巩固强化巩固强化has been finishedhas been used2.将下面句子变为被动语态将下面句子变为被动语态I have asked her to help you_We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years_He has sent me an email_She has been asked by me to help you.Many trees have been planted on the hill by us in the last 5 years.I have been sent an e-mail by him.An e-mail has been sent to me by him.巩固强化巩固强化Thank you!