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1、Unit 1-Unit2单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 n摘要2faith n信任；信心；信念faithful adj.忠实的faithfully adv.忠实地3aim n目标；目的 vi. & vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力4typical adj.典型的；有代表性的5adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养6possess vt.拥有；具有；支配possession n拥有7coincidence n巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合coincident adj.同时发生的；同一时间发生的8attempt n努力；尝试；企
2、图 vt.尝试；企图9predict vt.预言；预告；预测prediction n预言predictor n预言者10specific adj.确切的；特定的11exhibition n展览；陈列；展览会12preference n喜爱；偏爱prefer v喜爱13appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将上诉 n呼吁；恳求14civilization n文明；文化；文明社会civilize v使文明；使开化15visual adj.视觉的；看得见的invisual adj.看不见的16convey vt.传达；运送17concrete adj.具体的18flexible adj.灵
3、活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的19pattern n模式；式样；图案20tease vi. & vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄21eventually adv.最后；终于22transform vi. & vt.转化；转换；改造；变换transformation n转化23sorrow n悲伤；悲痛；懊悔sorrowful adj.悲伤的24appropriate adj.适当的；正当的25exchange n交换；交流；互换 vt. & vi.调换；交换26sponsor n赞助人；主办者；倡议者 vt.发起；举办；倡议重点短语1concentrate on 集中2as well as 也；还；而且3by
4、coincidence 巧合地4a great deal 大量5lead to 导致6Scores of. 大量的7on the other hand (可是)另一方面8in the flesh 活着的；本人9have a preference for 偏爱10.appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣11.lie in 在于；位于12.make sense有意义13.Cant take ones eyes off sb./sth. 无法将目光从某人 身上/某物上挪开14.stay up 熬夜，不睡觉；挺立15.take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容16.run out
5、of 用完17.make up of (多用于被动结构)构成18.transform into. 变成19in particular 尤其；特别20.try out 测试；试验21.let out 发出；放走经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1It is/was evident that从句But it_was_evident_that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
6、但是很显然在13世纪时(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种较为现实的风格来画宗教场景。2介词短语位于句首时，主句用完全倒装Among_the_painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were_the_Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。3the first/the second/the last(sb.)to do“最早、第二、最后做某事的人”The Impressionists
7、were the_first_painters_to_work_outdoors印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。4why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasonsThere are various reasons_why_people_write_poetry人们写诗有许多原因。5while表对比Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C)有些诗押韵(像B)，而也有些不是这样(像C)。必备语法（高级句型）非谓语动词（2）晨读范文背诵背诵这篇范文【宁夏银川一中2017届高三上学期第一次月考】你校将于2016年9月12号举行隆重的建校110周年的校庆
8、活动。届时将会有来自国内外的一些校友前来参加。假设你是学生会主席，现要代表学生会起草一份书面通知，就参加此次活动做简要阐述。内容包括：1. 欢迎大家参加此次活动；2. 活动时间：9月12号9：0017：00 活动内容和地点：文艺节目（学校体育馆）演讲、教学研讨会（教学楼）3. 活动期间应该注意的事项（至少两项）。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 文中不可透露个人姓名和学校名称。参考词汇：校友alumni【参考范文】NoticeThere will be a grand event to celebrate the 110th anniversary of
9、the founding of our school on September 12th, 2016 and some alumni from home and abroad are warmly welcome to our school to attend it. The celebration is planned to start at 9 am and end at 17 pm in the school gym. After enjoying the wonderful performances presented by teachers and students，you are
10、invited to attend speeches or teaching seminars to be held in the teaching building. First of all, be on time, please. Secondly, keep quiet and dont walk about during the celebration. However, taking photos and asking questions are allowed. Thirdly, whoever wants to make a speech about the subject s
11、hould get well prepared ahead of time.I believe you will have a wonderful time.Students Union语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1aim n目标；目的 vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力【教材原句】During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画家的主要目的是表现宗教主题。【例句研读】（1）Teamwork is required in order to achieve thes
12、e aims.要达到这些目标需要团队协作。（2）Theyre aiming_at_training/aiming_to_train everybody by the end of the year.他们力求在年底前人人得到培训。（3）The program is_aimed_at the teenage audience.这个节目针对的是青少年观众。【归纳拓展】miss ones aim 未击中目标have a high aim in life 胸怀大志achieve ones aim 达到目的take aim at 向瞄准without aim 漫无目的with the aim of doi
13、ng sth. 意在做某事aim at/for sth. 致力于，意欲，旨在aim to do sth. 旨在干；以为目标be aimed at 对象是；针对【即时巩固】(1)She went to London _ _ _ _ finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。(2)Bobs one _ _ _ is to earn a lot of money.鲍勃唯一的一个人生目标就是挣很多的钱。(3)Theyre _ _ training everybody by the end of the year. 他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。(4)These measures are _
14、 _ preventing violent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。【答案】(1)with the aim of (2)aim in life (3)aiming at(4)aimed at 考点2possess vt.拥有；具有；支配【教材原句】Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings，so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人们想拥有自己的画作，这样他们就可以用来装饰自己豪华的宫殿和住宅。【例句研读】(1) The rare stamp
15、 is in the possession of an unknown collector.那枚珍贵的邮票为一位不知名的收藏家所拥有。(2) How did the painting come_into_your_possession？你是怎么得到这幅画的？(3) He is in lawful possession of a shotgun.他合法地持有猎枪。【归纳拓展】possession n. 拥有，占有，所有，财产come into ones possession 被某人占有；落入某人之手take/get/gain possession of 拿到；占有；占领in possession
16、 of 拥有；持有in the possession of sb./in ones possession 为某人所有be possessed of 具有(某品质)【温馨提示】in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被占有”。【即时巩固】(1)That top secret document has _ _ _ _.那份绝密文件已被她拿到。(2)Our forces _ _ _ the hill.我们的部队占领了那座小山。(3)He is _ lawful _ _ a shotgun.他合法地
17、持有猎枪。(4)The rare stamp is _ _ _ _ an unknown collector. 那张珍贵的邮票为一位不知名的收藏家所拥有。(5)He lost _ _ _ in the fire.在那场火灾中他失去全部财产。【答案】(1)come into her possession(2) took possession of(3)in of possession (4)in the possession of(5)all his possessions考点3attempt n努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图【例句研读】(1) Such an attempt to esta
18、blish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.在当时，试图在企业和公众之间建立良好的关系是不同寻常的。(2) I passed my driving test at_the_first_attempt我考驾照时一次就通过了。【归纳拓展】attempted adj. 未遂的attempt to do sth. 试图做某事(try/seek to do)make an/no attempt to do sth./at doing sth. 企图/没有企
19、图做某事in an attempt to do/at doing sth. 为了做某事at the first attempt 首次尝试an attempted murder/suicide 谋杀/自杀未遂【即时巩固】(1)He _ _ _ to climb the mountain but failed.他企图要爬上这座山，但失败了。(2)I _ _ _ but was stopped.我想走但被拦住了。(3)I passed my driving test _ _ _ _.我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。(4)He was accused of _ _.他被控告谋杀未遂。【答案】(1)ma
20、de an attempt(2)attempted to leave(3)at the first attempt (4)attempted murder考点4appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将上诉 n呼吁；恳求；吸引力【教材原句】It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。【例句研读】(1) Farmers have appealed to the government for help.农场主恳求政府帮助。(2) The
21、government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府正呼吁人人节约用水。【归纳拓展】appeal to对有吸引力；呼吁；上诉；引起的兴趣appeal to sb. for sth.请求某人某事appeal for sth.呼吁某事；请求给予某物appeal to/for sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事make an appeal for sb. to do sth.呼吁某人做某事【即时巩固】(1)Her sense of humour _ _ _ enormously.她的幽默感强烈地吸引住了他。(2)The government
22、 is _ _ the public _ help for those who lost their homes in the flood.政府正在呼吁公众对在水灾中丧失家园的人给予援助。考点5convey vt.传达；运送【教材原句】Others try to convey certain emotions.而有些诗则是为了传达某种情感。【例句研读】(1) Please convey my good wishes to your mother.请向你母亲转达我美好的祝愿。(2) I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.我觉得难以用言语表达
23、我的感情。【归纳拓展】conveyor (er) n. 运送者，传达者；运输设备convey sb./sth. from.to. 把某人/某物从运送到convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达/表达(思想、感情等)【即时巩固】(1)Pipes _ hot water _ the boiler _ the radiators. 管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里。(2)Words cant _ how delighted I was.言辞无法表达我内心的喜悦。(3)Please _ my good wishes _ your mother.请向您母亲转达的美好祝愿。【答案】(1)convey
24、from to(2)convey(3)convey to考点6exchange n交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi.调换；交换；兑换【例句研读】(1) Last spring，I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.去年春天，我有幸被选中参加一个交换生学习计划。(2) He exchanged an apple for an orange.他用一个苹果换了一个橘子。【归纳拓展】exchange sth. for sth.以换取exchange sth. with sb.和某人交换某物in
25、exchange for交换make an exchange交换exchange words争吵；吵架【即时巩固】(1)I took his camera _ _ _my watch.我用我的手表换他的相机。(2)They have offered to release the reporters, but what do they want _ _？他们提出可以释放记者，但他们想要什么作为交换？(3)Shall I _ seats _ you?我和你换一下座位好吗？【答案】(1)in exchange for(2)in exchange(3)exchange with考点7load n负担；
26、负荷物(尤指沉重的) v装载；加重【例句研读】(1) They hired more staff in order to spread the load.他们雇用了更多员工来分担工作量。(2) What he said took a load off my mind.他的一席话打消了我的顾虑。【归纳拓展】take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顾虑a load of/loads of 很多的a heavy load for sb. 对某人来说是一种重荷load sth./ sb. with sth. 用装载/使负担load sth. into/onto sb. /sth.
27、 把装入(到)/使负担load up (使)载满load off ones mind 消除某人的思想负担【即时巩固】(1)The truck is carrying _ _ _ apples.那辆卡车运载着苹果。(2)Her mothers recovery _ _ _ _ her mind.她妈妈的康复使她心中卸下重担。(3)The truck _ _ _ bananas.那卡车装载着香蕉。(4)He helped me to _ my furniture _ the truck.他帮我把家具装上车。【答案】(1)a load of(2)took a load off(3)was loade
28、d with(4)load onto重点短语精讲考点1a great deal大量；许多【教材原句】In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。【例句研读】(1) He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.他花费了大量时间在村里漫步。(2) A great deal of
29、/Much of/Plenty of/A lot of/Lots of/A large amount of their work is unpaid.他们很多工作都是没有报酬的。【归纳拓展】a great/good deal of不可数名词许多；大量a large amount of不可数名词许多a great/good many可数名词许多a great/good number of可数名词许多plenty of可数/不可数名词许多a lot of(lots of)可数/不可数名词许多【温馨提示】a great deal 大量，非常(多做宾语，也可修饰形容词以及副词的比较级)a great
30、deal of 很多，大量(后接不可数名词)【即时巩固】(1)He knew _ _ _ more than I did.他懂的比我多得多。(2)He is _ _ _ more experienced in it than I.这方面他比我的经验多得多。(3)_ _ _ _ their work is unpaid.他们很多工作都是没有报酬的。考点2run out of用完【教材原句】If we hadnt run out of energy.如果我们没有筋疲力尽。【例句研读】（1）Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemth
31、eir phosphate was running out.很快人们意识到他们遇到了一个严重的问题他们的磷酸盐快用完了。（2）He ran after her，calling her name.他叫着她的名字在后面追她。（3）Youve got to stop running away，and learn to face your problems.你不能再逃避了，要学会面对问题。【归纳拓展】Sb. runs out of sth. 某人用光某物。Sth. is run out of. 某物被用光。Sth. is running out. 某物快用光了。Sb. uses up sth. 某人用
32、光某物。Sth. is used up. 某物快被用光。Sb. runs short of sth. 某人快用光某物了。Sth. runs short. 某物快用完了。Sb./Sth. gives out. 某人精疲力尽/某物用完。【易混辨析】run out of/run out/give out/use uprun out of意为“用完了”，是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。run out意为“用完了”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。give out意为“用尽；精疲力竭”，可以表示人的力气“用完”或者人“筋疲力尽”，为不及物动词短语。还指(食物、燃料等)用尽；
33、用完，这时与run out可换用。use up意为“用完；消耗尽”，为及物动词短语，相当于run out of。They ran_out_of/used_up money and had to abandon the project.他们的钱用光了，不得不放弃这个项目。Our food soon ran_out我们的粮食很快就吃完了。Both my strength and money gave_out我的力气和金钱都用尽了。Making soup is a good way of using_up leftover vegetables.把剩下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。【即时巩固】(1)
34、Tom had _ _ _ money and he had to write a letter asking his father to send him some by post.汤姆用完了钱，不得不写信让父亲汇些来。(2)Food in the flooded area _ _ fast since more and more people became homeless.由于愈来愈多的人无家可归，洪灾区的食品很快就用完了。(3) His strength _ _ after he ran that long distance.跑完那么长一段距离，他已筋疲力竭。(4)They have
35、_ _ their money.他们已经把钱花光了。【答案】(1)run out of(2)ran out(3)gave out(4)used up考点3be made up of由构成；由制造【教材原句】Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain，a poem made up of five lines.另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。【例句研读】（1）He made up some excuses about his daughter being sick.他编造
36、谎言说他女儿病了。（2）She determined to work twice as hard as before to make_up_for the lost time.她决定加倍努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。（3）I cant make_out what the article says.我无法理解这篇文章讲的是什么。【归纳拓展】make up 组成；编造；化妆；补偿make up for 弥补make out 听出，看出，辨认出be made of/from 由制成be made out of 由制成；用改制而成be made into 把做成be made in (某物)产于某地【
37、即时巩固】(1)Are all animal bodies _ _ _ cells?所有动物的身体都是由细胞组成的吗？(2)Nothing can _ _ _ the death of so many people.什么也弥补不了这么多人的死亡。(3)Books _ _ _ paper, while paper _ _ _ wood.书是由纸做成的；而纸是由木头做的。【答案】(1)made up of(2)make up for(3)are made of；is made from 考点4. let out发出；放走【归纳拓展】let sth. out泄露(秘密等)；发出(叫喊等)；放宽；放大
38、(衣服等)；让跑掉let sb. out放出去，释放let sb. down让某人失望let sb./sth.in让某人/某物进来let alone更不用说【即时巩固】(1)Dont _ _ _ about my losing job.别把我丢了工作一事泄露出去。(2)Hes getting so fat that his trousers have to _ _ _ round the waist.他越来越胖，裤腰都得放宽了。(3)The baby cant even crawl yet, _ _ walk.这孩子连爬都不会，更不用说走了。【答案】(1)let it out(2)be let
39、 out(3)let alone经典句型剖析考点1 序数词the first/second/last(sb.)to do结构【教材原句】The Impressionists were the_first_painters_to_work outdoors.印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。【句法分析】序数词the first/second/last(sb.)to do是一种常见结构，表示“最早、第二、最后做某事的人”，其中的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关系，不定式应使用被动结构。【归纳拓展】用不定式作定语的几种情况：(1)不定式表将来。(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，al
40、l，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。(3)用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。【例句研读】(1) To tell the truth，he was the last person to be met with by the manager.说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。(2) I was the first in my family to go to college.我是我们家第一个大学生。(3)
41、 Do you have the ability to read and write in English？你具备读写英语的能力吗？(4)The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。【即时巩固】(1)我一直认为我姐姐会第一个结婚。I always thought my sister would be_.(2)他是做这个工作最好的人选。He was the best man_【答案】(1) the first to get married (2) to do the job 考点2 while的用法归纳【教材原句】Some rhyme(
42、like B)while others do not(like C)有些诗押韵(像B)，但也有些不是这样(像C)。【句法分析】while的用法归纳：(1)while 用做并列连词，构成并列句，意为“然而，但是”，相当于 and/but, 强调前后两种情况的对比或转折，此时while 一般位于句中。(2)while 用做从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候；和同时”，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。(3)while 引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管”“虽然”，比 although或 though 语气要轻。(4)while 引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其
43、意思和用法相当于 as long as。while 可位于句首，也可位于句中。(5)while 引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有 be，则从句主语和 be可以省略。while 后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。【拓展归纳】while 引导时间状语从句时，指一段时间，不用来表示时间点；when引导时间状语从句时，既指时间段，也指时间点。如：(1)When/While I was in middle school, I liked English very much.我上中学时非常喜欢英语。(2)When he entered, I was watching TV. (
44、不能用 while)当他进来时我正在看电视。【例句研读】(1)You like sports, while I prefer music.你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。(2)I was reading the book while you were talking to me.你对我说话的时候，我正在看书。(3)While it is very cold today, we decide to go out for a walk. 尽管今天天气很冷，我们还是决定出去走走。(4)While a spark of life remains, it is a doctors duty to save the patient.只要病人还有一线生机，医生就有责任抢救。(5)You have to be very careful while (you are) driving.你开车时必须很小心。【即时巩固】(1)In some places women are expected to earn money