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1、2020 届彭泽第二中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A A 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor(市长)after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party(工党)member Rosie Corrigan was elec
2、ted as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire,on Monday.The students election was unchallenged to the mayoralty,following a year serving as deputy mayor.Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull.A political activist since secondary school,lifelong S
3、elby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious.As a member of the UK Youth Parliament,she co-founded the Selby Youth council,and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate(候选人)aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political a
4、wareness in the youth of Selby.By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory,Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views.“Its an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,”Corrigan told a newspaper.
5、“I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics students election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career,including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister(副首相)John
6、 Prescott.Simon Darvill said in an interview,“I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1.Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A.Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.
7、B.Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C.Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D.Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A.Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B.The people of Selby are passive
8、and have out-of-date views.C.Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D.Corrigan intends to increase Selbys youthspolitical involvement.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“backing”in Paragraph 4?A.Approval B.Appreciation C.Praise D.Support B In 2002,young Elon Mu
9、sk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back.Afterwards,the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life.In a very short time,and despite some failures,his company
10、 SpaceX launched Falcon 1,the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket,into Earths orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing,development was already underway for the Falcon 9.This much larger rocket,which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads（有效载荷）into orbit,is engineered
11、to return to Earth,ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk,space is the final destination.To help people get there,his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link peoples brains with computers.A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah.It consists of a chip（芯片）wi
12、th 256 threads（线程）that is placed between a persons skin and brain.The threads attach directly to brain tissue（脑组织）.Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralinks chips will have about 1,000 threads.A robot developed by the c
13、ompany will place up to ten chips under a persons skin.The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the persons ear.That device,in turn,will communicate with computers.The primary market for the technology will be for people that,because of injuries or bir
14、th defects,cannot control their hands and arms.With Neuralink product,theyll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.4.According to this article,what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A.Launch big satellites.B.Reach distant moons.C.Move around our pl
15、anet.D.Study the universe.5.What does the article explain about Neuralinks chips?A.How theyll be set up.B.What safety features theyll have.C.How much money theyll earn.D.Where theyll be produced.6.According to this article,who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A.Those who own great w
16、ealth.B.Those who are physically disabled.C.Those who travel internationally.D.Those who do research on plants.7.In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A.The Journal of Environmental Studies.B.Advances in Business and Technology.C.Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D.Consum
17、ers Guide to Outdoor Recreation.C What about your emotions?How do they help you to understand what you are reading?In Jane YolansOwl Moon,a girl explores with her father on a snowy night.She longs for this special night.And shes amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before?Amazement?Well
18、,if you have,it helps you have a sense of agreement.When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better.Our brain tells us,Oh,this girls experience is a bit like mine.And boom!We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.Pictures and images he
19、lp young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster.They are just pictures,but the feelings are real.This skill,to understand the thinking and feeling of others,is what researcher
20、s call theory of mind.For example,think about the faces of people and animals in stories.The Big Bad Wolfs scary teeth.The o shape of a surprised characters mouth.Or big,wide eyes like the girl inOwl Moon.By noticing the faces,readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.A
21、nd that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.But most young readers dont go into deep,scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the bookYo!Yes?two kids meet and play ball.The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on,they get close
22、r until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball,but they can read the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game,but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.8.What can we learn
23、from the second paragraph?A.Owl Moontalks about the exploration of the Moon.B.The feeling ofamazementis a sense of agreement.C.Readers are blessed with the ability to interpret others.D.Readers with similar experience understand the story better.9.Which of the following might help readers developthe
24、ory of mind?A.True feelings.B.Smiling faces.C.Picture books.D.Reading skills.10.Young readers can go deeper into a story by_.A.tracking the plot B.developing new skills C.sharing similar hobbies D.analyzing the background 11.What is the text mainly about?A.How thinking influences reading.B.How reade
25、rs improve reading skills.C.How emotions help enhance reading.D.How kids figure out the clues of stories.D Youve probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day,and as a general rule of thumb,that more is often defined as around 10,000 steps.With many Americans tracking the
26、ir stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables,or even just by carrying their phone,more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living.Dr.Dreg Hager,professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins,decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule,and he found that using
27、itas a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man,when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 st
28、eps as a number”Hager said.According to Hager,asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions,making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise,even if its walking.The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for
29、 some and too few for others.He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance.It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.A more recent study focused on ol
30、der women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity(长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72.Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40%less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years:Interesti
31、ngly,women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.12.What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 1 refer to?A.The phone recording.B.The 10,000-step rule.C.The healthy living.D.The fitness-tracking method.13.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A.H
32、ow many steps a Japanese walks.B.How we calculate the number of steps.C.If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.D.Where 10,000 steps a day came from.14.Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?A.Senior citizens.B.Young short-legged people.C.Healthy long-legged peo
33、ple D.Weak individuals.15.How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?A.4,400 steps.B.10,000 steps.C.2,700 steps.D.7,500 steps.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Endangered species An endangered species is a group of animals that could s
34、oon become extinct._16_Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face ofthe earth very soon if we dont do anything to save them.There are many reasons why species become endangered.Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways.Whe
35、n humans move into a new area,the animals habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms._17_Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals homes and food supplies._18_Animals have bee
36、n brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat,fur,bones or skin,or just for sport.Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species._19_We should take care not to pollute natural areas,and farmers or com
37、panies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties.The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals body parts.Governments can help,too,by making it against the law to hunt,fish or trade in endangered species.They can also provide funding for ani
38、mal sanctuaries,to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals,which they later release into the wild._20_ A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution.B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.C.Eventually,all the creatures on Earth will en
39、joy being together.D.Recent changes,however,have helped to improve the situation.E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species?F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.G.If we all cooperate and take these steps,we will prot
40、ect these animals for future generations.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I was 16 years oldand on a weeklong trip to visit a Seminary college inIowa.On the_21_,our group had stopped inChicagofor a few days.We were staying in a building_22
41、_by the church on the south side of the city and had been_23_not to go out alone.It wasnt long,though,before I was feeling_24_and decided to sneak out(溜出去)for a short walk.I was_25_down a street when I saw a man_26_on the sidewalk,whose clothes were worn(破旧的)and skin was_27_.I had never seen a_28_pe
42、rson before.Then my mind flashed back and I realized I had_29_a homeless person once before:Me.It was a summer night in my 11th year when the home where I_30_caught fire in the middle of the night.I can still remember all of us standing outside while the_31_destroyed everything we owned._32_,our sma
43、ll town community helped us,offering us_33_and care.They fed us,brought us_34_,and within a few days helped our dad to_35_a temporary(暂时的)house.A few months later our community helped us to finance a_36_home.I could remember feeling loved and blessed even after_37_so much.The homeless man sitting in
44、 front of me,however,had no one to love and help him.I could see the_38_and despair in his eyes.I only had a few dollars left in my_39_but I didnt hesitate.I bent down and_40_it to him,talked with him,touched his hand,and wished him well before I left.21.A.street B.route C.way D.path 22.A.owned B.de
45、signed C.selected D.decorated 23.A.forced B.warned C.informed D.led 24.A.bored B.disappointed C.nervous D.excited 25.A.running B.driving C.jumping D.walking 26.A.standing B.lying C.sitting D.dancing 27.A.sensitive B.smooth C.soft D.dirty 28.A.hopeless B.homeless C.careless D.selfless 29.A.seen B.dre
46、amed C.rescued D.performed 30.A.thought over B.ran around C.fell down D.grew up 31.A.fire B.rain C.storm D.earthquake 32.A.Gradually B.Actually C.Thankfully D.Properly 33.A.pity B.love C.source D.finance 34.A.food B.clothes C.water D.fruit 35.A.rent B.buy C.check D.search 36.A.personal B.mobile C.se
47、cure D.new 37.A.devoting B.charging C.losing D.requesting 38.A.determination B.relief C.tiredness D.sadness 39.A.hand B.box C.wallet D.room 40.A.sent B.handed C.packed D.rewarded 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A supermarket employee in Illinois is being called a hero
48、 after_41._(run)across the stores parking lot to save a baby_42._was in a runaway shopping cart(购物车).Ben Mazur,who was a worker at a Schnucks supermarket in Alton,was pushing shopping carts_43._he heard a car horn honking(喇叭鸣响)repeatedly.“It turns out,the owner of the car was trying to get someones
49、attention because there was a runaway cart_44._(roll)down the stores parking lot,”according to the supermarket manager.Mazur quickly noticed it wasnt just a cartthere was also a baby placed in the child seat.“The mom was putting her other kids in the car and didnt realize_45._was happening,”Mazur ex
50、plained.“I stopped what I was doing,_46._(run)across the lot and pulled the cart back before it rolled into a stop sign.”Now,both the manager_47._customers speak highly of Mazur.“We have a slanting(倾斜的)parking lot so carts can get rolling fast,”said Alton Co-Manager Tom Moore.“Quick thinking on Bens