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1、 人教版高中英语必修三 1-5 单元重点词汇和语法(完整版)精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 第一单元 1.take place 发生 take away 拿走、带走；使离开、使消失 take back 送回，收回 take down 拿下，记下，取下 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 开始花时间做，开始对感兴趣 2.in memory of 纪念；追念 3.dress up 盛装，打扮；装饰 4.trick n 诡计；恶作剧 Vt.欺骗；诈骗 play a trick on 搞恶作剧 5.lead（）to 领往；通往；导致 You see the path on y
2、our right？It leads to the village.看见右边的小路了吗？它通向村子。6.in the shape of 呈现某种形状，以某种形式呈现出来 7.look forward to 盼望，后面接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式 I am looking forward to his being back.我盼望他回来。8.as though 好像；仿佛似的 与 as if 同义 He acts as though he didn t know anything about it.他表现得好像对这件事一无所知.9.have fun with 玩得开心 10.keep/los
3、e ones word 守信/失信 11.turn up 到场；出现；（声音等）调大 turn on 开 turn off 关 turn down（声音等）调小 turn over 移交 turn to 开始对感兴趣 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 12.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 13.set off 出发；点燃 set about 开始着手 set down 使坐下；放下；写下；抄下；制定（规划、原则等）set out 出发，启程，布置，安排，陈述，说明 set up 竖立；建造，装配；提出（建议等）14.remind 提醒；使想起 remind sb of
4、 sth 让某人想起某事 第二单元 1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.王鹏坐在他空空的餐馆里很沮丧 feeling very frustrated.现在分词在句中作伴随状语 eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)Walking in the street,she met her old friend.(表时间)Seeing no body at home,she decided to eat outside.(表原因)The child fe
5、ll,striking his head against the ground.(表结果)2.By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.到了这个时 候他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的。Ought to 1)to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该 Eg.She ought to look after her child better.You ought to study hard to get a high mark.2)ought to have done 表示本应该，而却没有 Eg.You ought to have
6、 come yesterday.精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 3.He thought of his mutton kebabs,fatty pork cooked in the hottest,finest oil.过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。=which were cooked in the hottest oil.Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.4.Nothing could have been better.再也没有比这更好的了 比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。Eg.I have never seen
7、a better film.There is nothing I like so much as playing football.5.Tired of all that fat?肥腻的东西吃厌了吗 1）Tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.2）Tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.3）Tired from 因而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.6.He
8、 could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people Lies！他不可能让永慧哄骗人们后跑掉。get away with sth./doing sth.a)不因某事而受惩罚 I wont have you getting away with cheating in the exam.b)偷携某物潜逃 The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.c)收到较轻的惩罚 He was so lucky to get away with a fine for suc
9、h a serious mistake.7.Perhas he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭 自己的餐馆 earn ones living by=live by=make a living by 靠谋生 eg.He earned his living by begging from door to door.8.He didnt look forward to being in debt because his 精品文档 收集于网络
10、，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 restaurant was no longer popular.他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负 债。be in debt 欠债 be out of debt 还清债务 be in sb.s debt 欠某人人情。Eg.Saving my life,I am forever in your debt.9.She didnt look happy but glared at him.她不高兴，就瞪着他。glare at 怒视，带有敌意 Eg.“How could you do that？”he said,glaring at his mother.glance at 扫
11、视 Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着 Eg.She stared at him in surprise.10.Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings,fatty pork and cola.永慧同意留下，很快他们就享 受到水饺、猪肉和可乐。agree to(do)sth.表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排”Eg.He agreed to their proposal
12、.He agreed to get someone to help us.agree with sb 同意某人 Eg.I agree with every word you said.agree on sth.表示在某事上取得一致的意见 Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.11.But dont you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?但是你不认为受一点会更好吗？虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删
13、除 过去式（be 用 were），而主句的谓语动词用 would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Eg.If I were you,I should study English better.If he had time,he would attend the meeting.12.spy(v/n)监视，侦查，看见，间谍 1)暗中监视；侦查。It is impolite to spy into other peoples windows.2)看见，发现。He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.13.before l
14、ong 和 long before 1)before long（介词短语）在句子中作状语，表示“不久以后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时连用。Eg.I shall visit you again before long.2)long before（副词短语）表示“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。Eg.He had taken a doctors degree long before.3)Before 不仅可以用作副词，还可以用作介词或者连词，这时 long before 表示早在之前.Eg.He had come to America long before the war.14.put on we
15、ight.增加体重 lose weight 减肥 15.cut down 削减，删节 cut off 切断，剪断 cut in 插话，打断别人的说话 第三单元 1.bring up:1）培养，抚养，教育 She brought up her children to be considerate of others.她教育孩子要关心别人。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 He was brought up by his aunt.他被姑姑抚养大。2）提出 We decided to bring up the problem at the next meeting.我们决定在下次会议
16、上提出这个问题。3)吐出，呕吐 He fell ill and brought up his breakfast.她生病了，把吃的早饭都吐了出来。2.scene n.1)一场，一镜头 He added a new scene at the beginning.在开头他又加了一场戏。We missed the first few scenes of the film.我们错过了这场电影开始的几个镜头。2)景色，风景，场面 The night scene in Shanghai is quite beautiful.上海的夜景非常美。3)(发生事件的)现场，地点 They rushed to th
17、e scene of the traffic accident.他们火速赶到车祸的现场。比较：scene,scenery 和 view （1）scene 指都市景观或室内陈设，还可以指舞台场面或部分布景，可数名词。（2）scenery 指山河湖海等自然景观，也可以指舞台全部，是不可数名词。（3）view 指从远处或高处看到的风景。The view from the top of the hill is wonderful.从山顶上眺望，风景很美。3.bet n.1)make a bet 打赌 2)（金钱等）赌注 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管
18、理员删除 I can make a bet with you that you must pass the exam.我可以跟你打赌你一定能通过考试。Lets make a bet on the next election.咱们赌一赌下次的选举把。I make a bet that we would win the football match.我打赌我们会赢那场足球赛 v.打赌，赌博 Mrs.Black spent all her money betting on horses.布莱克夫人把她所有的钱都花在了赌马上。4.Permit me to lead the way,sir.permit
19、 1）vt.许可，允许，容许 doing sth/sth.准许做某事 sb.to do sth 准许 sb.做某事 We dont permit making noise here.我们不允许在这里吵闹。The teacher didnt permit us to swim in this river.老师不允许我们在这条河里游泳。2）vi（事物）允许，成为可能 I will go to meet you if time permits.如果时间允许的话，我们会去见你。Well start tomorrow,weather permitting.天气允许的话，我们明天出发。3）n.许可证，通行
20、证 Please show your drive permit.清出示你的驾照。Ex:The teacher doesnt permit in class.A.smoke B.to smoke C.smoking D.to have a smoke 5.go ahead vi 词组 1)前进;(工作等)推进 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 Thing are going ahead quite well.事情进展地很顺利。After they settled the problem,they were going ahead fast.那个问题解决后，他们推进的速度加快了。2）
21、（催促对方）先请！请！You go ahead and Ill follow.Im not quite ready.你先走，我随后到。我还未完全准备好。3）该词组亦可作表示意见的肯定答语，译为“干吧！请吧，说吧，走，行等”“Would you mind if I opened the window?”“No.Go ahead.”“我打开窗子你介意吗？”“不介意，去开吧。”“May I use your phone?”“Yes,go ahead.”“我能用一下你的电话吗？”“行啊。”Ex：I wonder if I could use your car for tonight?.Im not u
22、sing it anyhow.A.Sure,go ahead B.I dont know C.Yes,indeed D.I dont care 6.by accident=by chance 偶然地，意外地 Last time,I ran across her by accident/by chance.上次我偶然碰到她。on purpose 故意的 I think she lost the key on purpose.我认为她是故意遗失钥匙。7.Well,towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind
23、.到黄昏时，我发现自己被一阵大风卷到了大海里。found myself carried out to sea 反身代词 myself 作 found 的宾语；过去分词carried 作宾语补足语。属于 find+sb./sth.+done 的结构。find+复合宾语结构 1）find+宾语+adj.+to do 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 The boy found the novel difficult to read.这个男孩发现这本小说很难读懂。2）find+it+adj.+to do 在此句型中 it 代替其后的不定式作形式宾语。I found it hard to
24、 get along with his brother.我发现很难同他的兄弟相处。3）find+宾语+adj./adv./过去分词/现在分词/介词短语 I found the job boring.我发现这项工作令人厌烦。I found him in his own room.我发现他在自己的房间里。He hurried to the store,only to find the door closed.他匆忙赶到商店，发现门关着。4）find oneself doing sth./at/in 意识到自己非本意地干某事或处于某种境地 Peter，who was usually shy,foun
25、d himself talking to the girls.彼得一向腼腆，突然意识到自己在跟女孩们说话。After wandering around,we found ourselves back at the hotel.四处闲逛之后，我们不自觉地回到旅馆。8.fault 1)n.过错，缺点，故障，毛病 Her greatest fault is that she talks too much.她最大的的缺点是话太多。2)find fault with 挑剔 He is always finding fault with me.他总是对我百般挑剔。3)vt.对挑毛病 It was impo
26、ssible to fault her performance.她的演出无懈可击。faultless adj.无错的，完美的 faulty adj.有缺点的，不完整的 9.The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上我正感到绝望的时候一艘船发现了我。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 1)just about 为副词，同 almost。这里 just about=almost The apples are just about ripe now.苹
27、果差不多都熟了。2)give oneself up 放弃，绝望 give oneself up for 因绝望 3)lost 前省去了 being 4)when 此句中的 when 为并列连词，译为“正在这时（突然）”，常用于以下句型：be just to do when be on the point of doing sthwhen be doingwhen be about to do.when I was watching TV when a boy rushed into the door.我正在看电视的时候（突然）有个孩子冲进来。I was just about to leave
28、when it began to rain.我正要离开的时候，这时（突然）下起雨来。She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.她正要离开，这时我来了。本句句型为：had donewhen已经这时/突然 I had gone to bed when somebody knocked at my door.我已经上睡觉，这时有人敲门。5）spot n.（1）斑点；污点 How did you get spot on your face?你脸上的斑点是怎么弄上去的？He is a man without a spot on his characte
29、r.他是个没有任何污点的人。（2）地点，场所 The spot where he was murdered has been found.他被谋杀的地点已被找到。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 This is the very spot where the accident happened.这就是事故发生的地点。（3）滴 Did you feel a few spots of rain?下了几滴雨，你感觉到了吗？vt.认出，发现 The thief was spotted by the police as he was entering the bank.那个小偷进入银行时便
30、被警察发现。I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.因为他个子非常高，我在人群中很容易就认出了他。10.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.事实是，由于我的表现，我已经通过不计报酬的工作获得了我的机会。account n1）账户，账单 keep the account 记账 send in an account 报账 2）账户，户头 There are on
31、ly 50 dollars in his account.在他的账户上仅有 50美元。open an account 开户 3）记录，报告，叙述（report,description）Here is a brief account of the meeting.这是对会议的简短记录。Keep an account of your daily activities.把你每天的活动都记录下来。phrase：of great/small/no/account 很重要/不大重要/不重要 He is a man of no account.他是个无足轻重的人。She was a scientist of
32、 great account.她是个非常重要的科学家。on account of=because of 由于，因为 He retired on account of poor health.由于身体不好他退休了。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 on no account 不论什么理由都不（放在句首，句子倒装）eg.On no account will I do it.无论什么理由我都不做。vaccount for 1）对做出解释，说明原因 How do you account for all the accidents in series?你如何解释这接二连三发生的事故呢？He
33、 could not account for his absence from school.他不能对自己的上课缺席做出解释。2）导致 Bad weather accounted for the long delay.长期的延缓是由坏天气导致的。Ex：She has been working hard day and night,which,of course,her pale face.A.accounts for B.stands for C.goes for D.answer for 11.I went to the American embassy to seek help,but.我
34、去美国大使馆求助，但是 seek（sought,sought）vt.&vi.1）寻找，追求 They sought shelter from the rain.他们找地方躲雨。He found it worthless to seek fame.他发现追求名声是不值钱得的。2)请求，征求，求教 You should seek advice from your lawyer on this matter.在这件事上你应征求你律师的意见。3）企图，试图 They sought to punish him for his crime but he escaped.精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系
35、管理员删除 他们试图惩罚他的罪行，但他却逃跑了。phrase：seek ones/a fortune 追求财富，碰运气 seek for/after 寻找，追求 She sought for a solution to the problem.seek ones advice 征求某人的意见 Ex：In the early 1920s,thousands of people went to Australia to their fortune.A.seek B.take C.develop D.undertake 12.Patience,Mr.Adams.耐心点，亚当斯先生。patience
36、n.忍耐，以利，耐心 lose ones/be out of patience with 对失去耐心 adj.patient 耐心的，能容忍的 be patient with sb./sth.对有耐心 You should be more patient with others.你应该多容忍他人一些。13.on the contrary contrary adj.相反的，相对的，逆向的，对抗的 They walked in contrary directions.他们各往相反的方向走去。on the contrary 正相反，反之 You didnt bother me.On the cont
37、rary,I like your company.你没有打扰我，相反的是，我喜欢由你做伴。be contrary to 与相反 My opinion is contrary to yours.我的看法与你相反。14.amount 总额，总计，数量 What is the amount of the bill?账单上的金额总计多少？Phrase：a large/small amount of大量的/少量的 A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.那座桥耗费了大量资金。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 区别：a large am
38、ount of&a large number of a large amount of 与不可数名词连用，修饰用量计算的东西。It will take us a large amount of money and time to finish the work.a large number of 修饰可数名词，修饰用数计算的东西。I have a large number of things to do,so I cant go to see a film with you.15.take a chance/take chances 碰运气;投机；冒险一次 You should never t
39、ake a chance when driving a car.开车时决不应冒险。We will take a chance to go across the river.我们要冒险度过这条河。by chance 偶然 by any chance 万一，也许 by some chance 由于偶然的机会 chances are that 很可能，大概是 Chances are that he has already arrived.他很可能已经到了。16.manner n.1）方式，方法 I like ducks cooked in a Chinese manner.我喜欢中式烤鸭。I don
40、t like the manner in which she speaks.我不喜欢她说话的方式。2）态度，举止 He has a rude manner,so I dont like to talk to him.我不喜欢和他交谈，他态度很不礼貌。He spoke in such a manner that they got angry.他以这样的态度讲话，把他们惹生气了。3）礼貌（常用复数形式）People dont like a person with bad manners.人们不喜欢没有礼貌的人。Its bad manners to stare at people.盯着别人看是不礼貌
41、的。精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 17.indeed adv.1)(表示赞同对方)的确；实在 Are you pleased at your sons success?Yes,indeed.2)(用以加强 very等词的语气)确实，存在 I was indeed very glad to hear the news.我听到这条消息的确非常高兴。Thank you very much indeed.实在太感谢你了。第四单元 1.solar adj.太阳的，日光的 solar system 太阳系 solar power 太阳能;太阳能动力 Some women now can
42、use solar power instead of gas stoves to boil water and cook food.现在一些妇女使用太阳能代替煤气炉烧水做饭。solar atmosphere and solar activities 太阳大气和太阳活动 lunar 月的，阴历的 lunar calendar 阴历 2.violent 激烈的;猛烈的;强烈的；暴力的 A shark is a kind of violent fish鲨鱼是一种有攻击性的鱼类.why do French has violent revolutions to bring about change？为什
43、么法国靠暴力革命去寻求改变？The boat which was full of petrol sank in a _ storm at sea.A.violate B.violence C.violent D.violated 选 C violent：激烈的;猛烈的;强烈的意思 The boat which was full of petrol sank in a violent storm at sea.柴油充足的船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没了。3.in time有及时;迟早的意思,意指正赶上时候或恰在需要的时候,on time是准时;按时之意。We were just in time for
44、(或 to catch)the bus.(我们及时赶上了公共汽车)精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 The train pulled in on time.(火车准时到站了)4.harmful adj.有害的 be harmful for sth/doing sth be harmful to sb/sth 在某些情况可以通用 be good for“对有好处”be bad for 对不好 be harmful to“对有害处”对某人有好处：do good to sb/be good for sb 对某人有坏处：do harm to sb/be bad for sb be har
45、mful to 相当于 do harm to=do sb(great/much)harm=be bad for 5.lay eggs 下蛋 lay 与 lie：lay:lay-laid-laid 产卵，下蛋；放，搁 lie:1）lie-lied-lied 撒谎 2）lie-lay-lain 躺着；平放 lay the table 摆桌子 lay up 储存；搁置 lay over 推迟 lay the blame on 责怪 lay the foundation 奠定基础 lay to 归咎于 lay open 摊开；揭露 lay out 摆开；展示 lay aside 放在一边；积蓄 lay
46、 down 放下；放弃 lay for 等候 6.exist：vi 存在；生存 Man cannot exist without air.没有空气人就不能生存 That department has ceased to exist.那部门已不复存在 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 7.give birth to生产；产生 She gave birth to a healthy baby last night.昨晚她生了一个健康的婴儿 That century gave birth to many great men.那个世纪产生了许多伟人。8.Finally about 2.6
47、 million years ago some small clever animals,now with hands and feet,appeared and spread all over the world.最后大约在两百六十万年前，一些有手有脚的小型聪明动物出现了，并且扩散到世界各地 spread v.（1）传播；传开（vi.）Bad news spreads quickly.坏消息传的很快 Word spread that there was a variant virus of H1N1.消息称 H1N1 病毒已经产生变异（2）铺开；展开(vt.)The bird spread
48、its wings and was about to fly.鸟伸开翅膀准备要飞 She spread a new sheet over the bed.她给床上铺了一个新床单 3）涂；抹(vt.)Please spread the paint evenly.把油漆抹均匀。（4）伸展；延伸（vi.）The forest spreads from here to the foot of Qinling mountains.森林从这儿延伸到秦岭山脚下。Phrases：spread out 伸开；散开；铺开 spread over 覆盖一片；持续 spread with 在上涂抹 9.Thus,in
49、 their turn,become the most important animals on the planet.这样，轮到它们成为这个星球最重要的动物 精品文档 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 in ones turn 轮到某人 by turns 轮流 out of turn 不合时宜的 take turns 轮流 take a turn 转弯 10.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into s
50、pace 它们向大气层排放大量的二氧化碳，这阻止热量向外层空间释放 preventfrom doing 防止/阻止发生 We must prevent the news from spreading.我们应该阻止这个消息的传播 这个句型中 prevent 还可以被 stop或 keep 替代。主动句中，prevent 和 stop后面的 from 可以省略，keep后的 from 不能省略；被动句中三个词后的from 都不能省略。prevent vt.防止；预防；阻止 后跟名词、代词、动名词 11.So whether life will continue on the earth for m