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1、2021 届北京苹果园中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman,they write“The Freshman oftenfaces an identity
2、 problem during the first semester.”College is a more pressured environment than it used to be,in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased.Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex,drugs and alcohol.Most dont know how to manage th
3、eir time or money.They often feel lonely and overwhelmed,resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin,director of clinical service for student-counseling(咨询)services at Iowa State University,says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having
4、trouble making the adjustment to college life.She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that arent easily defined or fixed.And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them
5、differently.For example,by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars.The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course.“Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,”they say.Many homesick freshmen think theyll be
6、 regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving.So parents can help by letting them know theyre welcome to return if they feel the need.In the meantime,parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids.One of the best ways is e-mail.Its less unpleasant and less expen
7、sive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1.Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A.Because they often fail in exams.B.Because they lack time and money.C.Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D.Because they have to se
8、ttle personal issues on their own.2.In the last paragraph,it is suggested that _.A.parents should stop buying anything for their kids B.parents should develop a good relationship with their kids C.parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids D.parents should work with high schools in c
9、ollege-life courses 3.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Hard Life of College Freshmen B.Approaches to Trouble in College C.Freshmens Adaptation Problems D.A Strange Phenomenon in College B If you travel inAthens,against popular belief,I would highly recommend saving th
10、e Acropolis for your secondday.As attractive as it is to head straight to the most famous building in the city,there are several reasons why you should hold off until later.Sunriseis the best time to see the ruins,and who wants to spend their first day in anew citywaking up at6 a.m.?On top of that,t
11、he Acropolis is going to make every other site inAthensless important in comparison,so I recommend not hitting it on your first day.We got to the southeast gate at 7：30,half an hour before it opened at 8.When the gate opened,we rushed to the hill.Our plan paid off because we had the whole complex to
12、 ourselves for five minutes.In this age of overtourism,getting to the greatness of the Acropolis with nobody else around felt special and excited.The Acropolis is the name given to the complex on top of the hill,and its made up of several buildings.Theres theTempleofAthena Nike,the Parthenon,the Old
13、 Temple of Athena,the Legendary Olive Tree of the Pandroseion,the Porch of the Caryatids at the Erechtheion.and on your way down,the Odeon of Herodes Atticus.Something that sounds boring but isnt is theAcropolisMuseum,and I recommend spending a couple of hours there.As someone who is a museum-avoide
14、r,I listened to the recommendations of everyone who had been,and made myself go inside.And I loved it.The museum houses tons of sculptures unearthed from the Acropolis,and it was interesting to check them out.Head toSyntagma Squarenext to watch the changing of the guard.This takes place every hour o
15、n the hour,so try to time your visit perfectly.The guards wear fun clothes and make for interesting photos.4.The author suggests visiting the Acropolis on the second day so that _.A.it can save visitors a lot of time B.it can save visitors from getting up early C.it can make for a better travel expe
16、rience D.it can give visitors a better understanding ofAthens A.Paul Resnick.B.Robert Kraut.C.Thomas Putnam.D.Amitay Etzioni.9.The underlined word“This”in Para.4 refers to .A.the opinion expressed in Bowling Alone B.the survey made by the University of Michigan C.the conclusion in a report written i
17、n 1998 D.the study conducted by Stanford University 10.From the passage we learn that .A.watching TV used to take time away from staying online B.the Web was blamed more than once for causing an isolating effect C.36ofweb users spend more than five hours a week online D.the Web has the same influenc
18、e as telephones and televisions 11.The passage mainly discusses .A.how we can make a better use of the Internet B.how declines in social connectedness appear C.whether the Internet causes an isolating effect D.what a different life the Internet brings to us D NASA has flown an aircraft on another pl
19、anet for the first time.On Monday,April 19,Ingenuity,a 1.8-kilogram drone(无人机)helicopter,took off from the surface of Mars,flew up about threemeters,then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras.The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube.“We can now say that huma
20、n beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,”said MiMi Aung,the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory,at a press conference.“We,together,flew at Mars,and we,together,now have our Wright brothers moment,”she added,referring to the first powered airp
21、lane flight on Earth in 1903.The details:The flight was a significant technical challenge,thanks to Mars s bone-chilling temperatures(nights can drop down to-130 F/-90 C)and its incredibly thin atmosphere just 1%the density of Earth s.That meant Ingenuity had to be light,with rotor blades(螺旋桨)that w
22、ere bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth(although the gravity on Mars,which is only about one-third of Earths,worked in its favor).The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why its significant:Beyond being a si
23、gnificantmilestonefor Mars exploration,the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets.Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations,exploring inaccessible areas,and capturing images.Ingenuity will also help inform the design
24、 of Dragonfly,a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturns moon Titan in 2027.Whats next:In the next few weeks,Ingenuity will conduct four more flights,each lasting up to 90 seconds.Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuitys capabilities.Ingenuity is only designed to
25、last for 30 Martian days,and is expected to stop functioning around May 4.Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission:Getting the Perseverance rover(毅力号火星探测器)to study Mars for evidence of life.12.Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A.
26、To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B.To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C.To highlight the importance of Ingenuitys Martian exploration.D.To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.13.What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A.Th
27、e delay of software tests.B.The force of gravity on Mars.C.Marss temperatures and atmosphere.D.Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.14.What does the underlined word“milestone”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.A great victory.B.A difficult task.C.A roadside stone.D.A historic event.15.Which of the f
28、ollowing can be a suitable title for the text?A.Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight B.Modern Wright Brothers Moment:Mars Exploration C.First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on Mars D.Ingenuity:Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible Pictures 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选
29、项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项“Dont tell anyone”.We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us._16_Were often tempted to(忍不住的)“spill the beans”,even if we regretit later.An earlier study,led by Anita E.Kelly,a scientist at the University of Notre Dame,US,suggested that keeping a secret could c
30、ause stress._17_According to Asim Shah,professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine,US,keeping a secret may well“become a burden”.This is because people often have an“obsessive and anxious urge to share it with someone”._18_Shah explained
31、that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a Mend.Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them.A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other.“Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a p
32、osition of either gaining or losing the trust of someone,”according to Shah.He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out._19_A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside.To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress,and make them talk about the secret.Shah said that
33、to judge whether to tell someone a secret,youd better put yourself in their position.Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustnt give the information away.Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someones secret you should come clean about it._20_ A.But it can be hard to
34、keep a secret.B.Everyone intends to keep his own secret.C.Now you may ask,what secret is that?D.Let the person know that their secret isnt so secret anymore.E.People with secrets can suffer from depression,anxiety,and body aches.F.But with secrets so often getting out,why do people share them at all
35、?G.However,this doesnt mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 My mom has always been my biggest inspiration.Shes a single parent of eight.Throughout the years,Ive seen my mom_21
36、_many difficulties and overcome many life changing barriers.All those could easily_22_someone with little faith.The most difficult challenge was the_23_of my younger sister Tenesha at the age of 7.During the first three months of Teneshas life,doctors_24_if she would live to see the age of 1.This wa
37、s_25_news,but my mom never lost_26_.Even though Teneshas_27_hospital visits hurt her at times,my mom never showed signs of_28_.Her strength always made Tenesha feel_29_there had been nothing to worry about.This strength_30_Tenesha to live the life of a regular child.We almost_31_that she was sick.Un
38、fortunately,after 5 years of a happy childhood,things began to_32_.Tenesha lost sight in her left eye,which was_33_by loss of sense in her left arm,eventually leaving her left side paralyzed(瘫痪的).My mom_34_her job and attended to her every need.With my mom by her side.Tenesha went to bed with a _35_
39、 every night.At the age of 7,Tenesha left us.Her_36_was over.It was a(n)_37_difficult time for us all.However,it wasalso the best learning experience.We now know that no matter how_38_our sufferings may appear,we have a support system that will overcome it all.This is all because of the_39_person in
40、 the world-my mom.When we all felt weak,my mom grew stronger.At a time of_40_,my mom grew victorious.She is my heroine!21.A.record B.promote C.experience D.abandon 22.A.discourage B.impress C.distinguish D.possess 23.A.disease B.missing C.mistake D.passing 24.A.asked B.doubted C.argued D.whispered 2
41、5.A.confusing B.disappointing C.embarrassing D.heartbreaking 26.A.hope B.interest C.courage D.confidence 27.A.aimless B.priceless C.countless D.meaningless 28.A.pity B.weakness C.preference D.apology 29.A.as if B.even if C.once D.unless 30.A.forced B.challenged C.persuaded D.enabled 31.A.hesitated B
42、.forgot C.ignored D.avoided 32.A.take in B.clarify C.worsen D.fall out 33.A.followed B.approved C.caused D.accelerated 34.A.changed B.improved C.lost D.quit 35.A.wish B.smile C.reward D.dream 36.A.turning B.crime C.suffering D.adventure 37.A.universally B.extremely C.accurately D.properly 38.A.unsta
43、ble B.unreliable C.unbelievable D.unbearable 39.A.strongest B.wisest C.healthiest D.proudest 40.A.sorrow B.tension C.defeat D.separation 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Stephen Hawking,who is the most famous physicist,was born inBritainon January 8th,1942.As a child,h
44、e was enthusiastic about_41._(design)complicated toys but_42._(fortune),in his twenties,he suffered_43._a disease that was impossible to be cured,_44._was a great challenge for him.However,not only was he positive about the misfortunes _45._eventually he defeated all the obstacles but also he was_46
45、._(bury)in his research in the universe.In 1988,his best-sellerA Brief History of Timewas published,_47._which he put forward the idea_48._time itself has a beginning,and that it will have_49._end.In conclusion,he has made outstanding_50._(contribute)to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity.第四
46、部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。One day,my father and I were on the way home.While stuck at traffi
47、c,I noticed that a woman was crying in her car.She struggled to catch her breathe.I didnt mean to stare at her,because I knew it was impolitely.As she drove ahead of me,I could still see him crying for quite a few minute.When we drove up beside her,I managed to get her attention by wave a little toy
48、 pig what was left by my younger brother that day.I gestured to her with my fingers,showing her my biggest smile at same time.She was wiped her tears,nodded,smiled,and gave me a thumb up!At that moment,the road was cleared and she drive off.第二节书面表达（满分 25 分）52.假定你是李华，你的美国笔友 Peter 将要到你校学习，请给他写一封信，内容包括：1.表示欢迎：2.提出建议（关注气候差异，准备日常汉语等）；3.表达祝愿。