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1、2021 届广州市第 16 中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Best Online Bachelors Programs An online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time.Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging
2、,but below youll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.ArizonaStateUniversity ASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle.Its courses employ advanced technology,such as our virtual labs,adaptive learning
3、and virtual community,to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION:15,321 TUITION:S413 UniversityofIllinois UI is a top-ranked,diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution.For UTs degree completion programs,students transfer with an asso
4、ciate degree or 57-60 credits.All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION:385 TUITION:S462 UniversityofFlorida UF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF.Courses arc designed and taugh
5、t by UFs well-known teachers.Students feel connected,frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION:3,340 TUITION:$500 OhioStateUniversity The courses of OSU online bachelors programs are all related to health science.The online programs are flexible providing students wi
6、th the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for more advanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION:542 TUITION:5642 1.Whats special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A.It is an approved SARA institution.B.It provides the most expensive programs.C.It offers some technology-assisted c
7、ourses.D.It admits fewer students than other universities.2.Which universitys,online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3.Whats the purpose of this passage?A.To advertise free online programs.B.To call on people
8、 to sign up online.C.To introduce some best online programs.D.To provide access to the best universities.B Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne said yesterday he would use the autumn spending review to increase Britains12bn-a-year aid budget towards humanitarian(人道主义的)causes in the wake of the
9、 European refugee(难民)crisis.Britainpromised to spend 0.7 percent of state general product on aid,meaning the budget could rise sharply by the end of the decade as the economy grows.Mr Osborne also said more of the aid budget could be given to help local government with housing costs for incomers,wit
10、hout breaking international guidelines.“We will use the foreign aid budget to help with the costs of these refugees.People ask about the pressure on public services;well have extra money to help with that.”The government was unable to give a figure for how much aid money could be handed to local aut
11、horities:it would depend on how many refugees are accepted.David Cameron,Prime Minister,will set out his position on aid for refugees today.It is reported thatBritainwill accept at least 10,000 extra people from camps on theSyriaborder.He will use a statement in the House of Commons to flesh out pla
12、ns announced inMadridon Friday to take more people.A report inThe Sunday Timesthat the UK would take 15,000 Syrians,not far from the 18,000 figure demanded by the EU,was described by“Downing Street”as a“guess”.TheUKwill offer to resettle Syrians directly from refugee camps inJordan,LebanonandTurkey
13、but not those who have already reached the EU.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Britain tried to help refugees.B.People doubtBritains kindness.C.Britain tried to explain its behavior.D.Refugees like to live inBritain.5.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A.Britains economy grows r
14、apidly.B.Britain will use little of its money to help refugees.C.Most countries are not willing to help refugees.D.Britainwill use more money to help refugees.6.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Britain will use foreign money to help refugees.B.Britain helps refugees following internationa
15、l guidelines.C.Britain will use foreign money to develop themselves.D.People ask to use public service money to help refugees.7.What can we know from the passage?A.Britain can hold 10,000 refugees at most.B.The number of refugees to be received is uncertain.C.House of Commons declare a general plan.
16、D.Britaincan hold 15,000 refugees at most.C While the start of a new school year is always exciting,this year was even more so for some elementary school students inAuckland,New Zealand.They became the worlds first kids to be“taught”by a digital teacher.Before you start imagining a human-like robot
17、walking around the classroom,Will is just an avatar that appears on the students desktop,or smartphone screen,when ordered to come.The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system,allowing it to show human-like behavior.The digital teacher is assigned to te
18、ach Vectors“Be sustainable with energy”a free program forAucklandelementary schools.Just like the humans it replaced,Will is able to instantly react to the students responses to the topic.Thanks to a webcam and microphone,the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have,but also picks up
19、non-verbal cues.For instance,if a student smiles at Will,he responds by smiling back.This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students attention,but also allows the programs developers to monitor their engagement,and make changes if needed.Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatar
20、s could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation.He says,“I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective,rich,educational experience in the future.”The program,in place since August 2018,has been a great success thus far.Ravishankar says,“What was fa
21、scinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will.The way they look at the world is so creative and different,and Will really captured their attention.”However,regardless of how popular it becomes,Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.8.What was special for some elementary
22、 school students inAuckland?A.A digital teacher taught them.B.They first saw something digital.C.This was the start of a new school year.D.They could get close to smartphone screen.9.What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?A.It can smile back.B.It can use microphone.C.It can talk any topic f
23、or free.D.It can change if necessary.10.Whats Ravishankars attitude to Wills replacing Human educators soon?A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Disapproving.11.What might be the best title for the passage?A.New High-tech Contributes to Education B.The Worlds First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroo
24、m.C.The Worlds First Digital Teacher,a Help to Students D.New ZealandWill Replace Teachers in Classrooms D Scientists say baby sharks are at risk of being born smaller and without the energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.Scientists studied epaulette sharks,which
25、live off Australia and New Guinea.They found that warmer conditions sped up the sharks growing process.That meant the sharks were born earlier and very tired.The findings could be used in the study of other sharks,including those that give birth to live young.The scientists studied 27 sharks.Some we
26、re raised in average summer water temperatures,about 27 degrees Celsius.Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius and 31 degrees Celsius.They found that the sharks raised in the warmest temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures.They also showe
27、d reduced energy levels.Epaulette sharks can grow to a length of about one meter.Their name comes from large spots on their bodies that look like decorations on some military clothing.One study this year found that worldwide numbers of oceanie sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent between 197
28、0 and 2018.Overfishing is a main concern,while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.Carolyn Wheeler is a doctoral student at the University of Massachusetts Boston and with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University in Australia.She was the lead author o
29、f the epaulette shark study.She said that while all the sharks survived,those raised in warmer temperatures were not strong enough to survive for long in the wild.She added that if the sharks are born smaller than usual“they are probably going to have to start looking for food soonerand theyre going
30、 to have less time to adjust to their surroundings.”The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.12.In what aspect do the warmer conditions affect the baby sharks?A.Their food.B.Their body weight.C.Their living h
31、abits.D.Their moving route.13.How did the scientists carry out their study?A.By studying former data.B.By tracking sharks in the wild.C.By collecting information about climate change.D.By comparing sharks in waters of different temperatures 14.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A.The origin of
32、sharks names.B.The sharks appearance.C.The threats to sharks survival.D.The sharks living environment.15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Scientists Raise Sharks to Deal with Problems B.Global Warming Has Reduced Shark Populations C.Baby Sharks Struggle to Survive in Warmi
33、ng Oceans D.Scientists Are Struggling to Save Sharks from Extinction 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Its the start of a new year,when your fitness goals are set and you engage in the challenge._16_Their standards of“too big”are not even achievable in their lifeti
34、me,let alone a few months of training,which brings my tips.Set realistic goals!The process of building muscle is an ly slow one that requires strong will to gain.Consistently causing protein synthesis（合成）in specific muscle fibers will allow muscle to develop.However,all individuals are not equal in
35、the process._17_Gaining muscle will happen quickly to a new gym-goer,but take a long time for someone that has been training for years.Stick to specific training for the goals you set to achieve._18_This will require you to restrict the diet,and it will prevent you gaining muscle.Diet reflects the t
36、raining load.The training reflects your goals.Its like swimming upstream,think strong,fast and flexible.If you are running a marathon,the goals are different and train accordingly!_19_Fat has taken some time to develop,so it will not be lost overnight.Allow the hormonal triggers（生理诱因）in the body to
37、work more efficiently to regulate volume of food.Taking out additional sugars is one of the most important steps to regulate volumes of food to switch off desire for food.Once a goal is reached,do not go back to what you did before.When people finish their transformation,the hormone profile is very
38、weak to fat deposition（沉积）。Every training session should be a step toward a lasting transformation,with a diet improving the level of exercise._20_ A.Dont try to achieve too much at once.B.Why do so few people see their goals through?C.Give yourself a realistic timeline when it comes to fat loss.D.K
39、eeping running slowly leads to very big changes over time.E.Appreciate that you are taking time for your own development.F.Place restrictions on your diet and follow good food eating patterns.G.Also,it depends on how long you have been training to achieve muscle growth.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20
40、 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When I first walked into a Tai Chi class,I had no idea this eastern movement practice would become so central in my life.It_21_I was not just there for exercise!For many years now it has beenmy continuing_22_to share Tai Chi with studen
41、ts of all ages and walks of life.Many people begin classes wanting to grow stronger,more_23_,and flexible.Others are looking for effective ways to_24_with stress,the constant demand and trouble of modem life,_25_some had seen a TV ad they couldnt remember,describing a group calmly doing Tai Chi in t
42、he park,and it_26_their curiosity about a different route to health.Concentrating on_27_posture and breathing control,Tai Chis movements are graceful and well balanced,_28_the complete harmony of body and mind.It is different from western sports such as rugby where the harder and quicker the_29_.Tai
43、 Chi is a sport that strengthens the body as well as the_30_from the within.All of these are powerful benefits of Tai Chi._31_,1 have found that consistent practice of these forms develops my everyday experience,and_32_the way for growth.Ive been a_33_in various schools over the years,and delight in
44、 watching_34_we each find our own keys to learning.Its a privilege to accompany and_35_that process in my students.I am_36_by the marvelous teachers with whom Ive had the good fortune to work.All of my_37_take place in beautiful old buildings.The first class is free to newcomers_38_they may try it o
45、ut with no commitment.I invite you to_39_with questions,or to register for classes.Whether you are young or aged,male or female,you can choose Tai Chi as your_40_physical exercise.21.A.breaks out B.turns out C.makes out D.puts out 22.A.task B.hope C.burden D.pleasure 23.A.wealthy B.healthy C.comfort
46、able D.balanced 24.A.play B.begin C.deal D.mix 25.A.Possibly B.Obviously C.Surely D.Apparently 26.A.aroused B.destroyed C.applied D.completed 27.A.fantastic B.correct C.extreme D.comfortable 28.A.admitting B.extending C.realizing D.promoting 29.A.faster B.slower C.better D.worse 30.A.mind B.movement
47、 C.confidence D.memory 31.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead 32.A.cut B.close C.obtain D.clear 33.A.stranger B.student C.teacher D.colleague 34.A.when B.how C.where D.why 35.A.support B.relieve C.forgive D.comfort 36.A.praised B.demanded C.inspired D.commanded 37.A.schools B.teachers C.grades
48、 D.classes 38.A.so that B.even though C.now that D.in case 39.A.pursue B.examine C.consult D.accommodate 40.A.familiar B.ideal C.favorite D.imaginary 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 China has emerged as an_41._(increase)important player in the fourth industrial revolu
49、tion,having patented technologies_42._a rate that is growing at double the global average,a European Patent Office report released on Thursday said.From a very low starting point in the late 2000s,Chinas innovative activity has increased very quickly,registering_43._annual average_44._(grow)between
50、2010 and 2018 of 39.3 percent,which is twice the global average of 19.7 percent.China overtook South Korea in 2017 and,after_45._(generate)more than 6,300 international patent families in 2018,now stands almost on a par with(和平分秋色)Europe and Japan.The United States defended_46._(it)position as the w