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1、2023年口腔医学技术士考试模拟卷(4)本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。一、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意) 1.患者,女,22岁。为一残冠,根面位于龈上,X线显示已行完善的根管治疗,如何处理残冠()。A平龈缘去除B颊舌斜面C尽量保留冠部健康的牙体组织D保留残冠所有健康的牙体组织E拔除残冠2.患者,女,22岁。为一残冠,根面位于龈上,X线显示已行完善的根管治疗,如何处理残冠()。A平龈缘去除B颊舌斜面C尽量保留冠部健康的牙体组织D保留残冠所有健康的牙体组织E拔除残冠3.以下哪点不属于三角瓣法(Tennison)手术矫
2、治单侧唇裂的缺点A要切除部分正常的唇组织B三角瓣嵌入上唇下1/3,有损正常解剖形态C定点明确,初学者易掌握D在不完全唇裂常可发生患侧过长的现象E完全唇裂患侧唇高常嫌不足 4.The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitution
3、al right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of double effect, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effectsa good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseenis permissible if the actor intends only the good effec
4、t.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doct
5、ors who until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate me
6、dical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. It’s like surgery, he says. We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physi
7、cian, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has pro longed the physical agony o
8、f dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced
9、 medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospita
10、l-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are need
11、lessly and predictably suffering, to the extent that it constitutes systematic patient abuse. He says medical licensing boards must make it clear. that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.George Annas would probably agree that
12、doctors should be punished if they ().Amanage their patients incompetentlyBgive patients more medicine than neededCreduce drug dosages for their patientsDprolong the needless suffering of the patients5.单、双侧游离缺失采用混合支持式义齿设计时,应取A解剖式印模B无压力印模C功能性印模D二次印模E终印模 6.女性,70岁。诉患牙不适半年余要求拔除。检查:血压160/95mmHg,患牙松动,叩诊(-
13、),牙龈无炎症。何时拔牙最妥A即刻拔牙B服降压药后即刻拔牙C服药1d后拔牙D服药控制血压后拔牙E服药控制血压后也不能拔牙 7.与前臂皮瓣桡动脉相吻合的最常用的血管是A颈外动脉B面动脉C上颌动脉D舌动脉E甲状腺动脉 8.一例囊肿的切片示上皮衬里由23层鳞状细胞构成。无上皮钉突,其形态类似于缩余釉上皮,该病理表现最符合A牙源性角化囊肿B含牙囊肿C鼻腭管囊肿D鳃裂囊肿E黏液囊肿 9.下颌骨骨折中,影响骨折移位的主要因素是A外力作用B骨折线走行的方向C牙弓上有无牙D咀嚼肌的牵引E骨折部位 10.关于毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿并发周期性瘫痪,以下哪一项描述是错误的A年轻男性多见,可无甲状腺肿大B大量糖的摄入或静
14、脉注射高糖可诱发C发作时血钾降低D发作时尿钾排出增加E甲亢控制后,本病发作减少或消失 11.行为主义理论认为心理障碍的心理学原因是A不良的认知模式B潜意识内的心理冲突C获得性学习结果D个人成长受到阻抑E心理-神经-内分泌-免疫机制作用 12.患者男性31岁,右下颌体部膨隆半年, X线片示:右侧下颌体部呈蜂房状阴影,病变区内牙根呈锯齿状吸收,其穿刺液最大可能是A蛋清样液B乳白色含豆渣样物C黄色清亮液D黄褐色液,内有胆固醇结晶E血性液,不凝固 13.下列哪种情况下上颌阻生第三磨牙可不予拔除A无对颌牙而下垂的牙B咬颊或摩擦颊黏膜的牙C完全埋入骨内无明显症状的牙D部分萌出,反复发生冠周炎的牙E有囊肿形
15、成的牙 14.采用舌杆时下前牙舌侧龈缘至口底的距离要大于A4mmB8mmC10mmD15mmE20mm 15.噬菌体属于A原核细胞型微生物B支原体C真核细胞型微生物D非细胞型微生物E螺旋体 16.糖尿病酮症酸中毒的特征性表现为A昏迷B皮肤粘膜干燥C呼气有烂苹果味D二氧化碳结合力下降E呼吸深大 17.患者男性18岁,因外伤致双侧髁状突颈部骨折,其临床特点中,哪项是错误的()A前牙开、后牙早接触B双侧耳屏前区出现肿胀C下颌不能前伸运动D颊部皮肤可能有裂伤E下颌侧方运动正常18.上颌第一恒磨牙的抬面特征是A呈菱形,近中颊角和远中舌角为锐角B呈菱形,远中颊角和近中舌角为锐角C远中舌尖和近中颊尖三角嵴相
16、连成斜嵴D近中舌尖和远中颊尖三角嵴相连成斜嵴E远中舌尖和远中颊尖三角嵴相连成横嵴 19.男,55岁。戴下半口义齿5天,因咬肌前沿磨痛,且咬肌活动时义齿松动脱位,其病因是A颊系带处缓冲不足B远中颊角区伸展过度C颊侧翼缘区伸展过度D舌隆突处未缓冲E义齿基托盖过下颌舌骨肌 20.男性,20岁,右面颊、上下睑及右额部巨大动静脉畸形,听诊有吹风样杂音,触有搏动感,该患者最佳治疗方案为A硬化剂注射治疗B栓塞后手术切除C放疗D冷冻治疗E激素治疗 21.釉质和牙骨质在牙颈部相连的关系是A全部为釉质和牙骨质端端相连B约30%牙骨质少许覆盖在釉质上C约10%釉质和牙骨质并不相连D约70%釉质和牙骨质端端相连E约3
17、0%釉质少许覆盖在牙骨质上 22.心源性水肿的主要表现,除外A静脉压升高B水肿特点是首先出现于身体下垂部分C水肿性质软而移动性大D有肝大及颈静脉怒张E严重时出现胸、腹水 23.因色素沉着而呈淡黄色的改变见于牙本质龋的A脂肪变性层B透明层C脱矿层D细菌侵入层E坏死崩解层 24.合成血红素的基本原料是A乙酰辅酶A、甘氨酸、Fe2+B乙酰辅酶A、丙氨酸、Fe2+C丙氨酰辅酶A、甘氨酸、Fe2+D琥珀酰辅酶A、甘氨酸、Fe2+E琥珀酰辅酶A、丙氨酸、Fe2+ 25.下列哪项不是危重哮喘的表现A气急不能讲话B意识模糊C胸腹部矛盾呼吸D两肺满布响亮哮鸣音E奇脉 26.对放疗不敏感的肿瘤是A未分化癌B浆细胞
18、肉瘤C脂肪肉瘤D淋巴上皮瘤E恶性淋巴瘤 27.可摘局部义齿恢复功能、避免组织损伤的基础是义齿的A坚固耐用B摘戴方便C外形美观D固位和稳定E保健作用 28.环境污染物按其性质可以分为A生活性、实验性和医源性污染B生产性、生活性和交通性污染C化学性、物理性和生物性污染D工业性、农业性和生活性污染E农业性、生物性和化学性污染 29.表现为典型的关节炎、尿道炎和结膜炎三联症,也常出现口腔溃疡、口腔炎、阴茎头炎、皮疹、宫颈炎等皮肤黏膜病变的疾病是A口-眼-生殖器三联症B手-足-口病C斯-约综合征D莱特尔综合征E梅-罗综合征 30.在拔牙禁忌证中不包括A6个月内发生过心肌梗死B不稳定型心绞痛C充血性心力衰
19、竭D各种心律失常E未控制的高血压 31.下颌第一磨牙髓室顶最凹处约平齐于()。A颈缘上2mmB颈缘下2mmC颈缘D冠中1/3交界处E根分叉处32.不属于下颌骨内侧面的解剖结构是A上、下颏棘B颏结节C下颌小舌D舌下腺窝E下颌下腺窝 33.以下不符合淋球菌性口炎的临床表现的一项是A可发生于上腭、颊、舌等口腔黏膜B黏膜充血发红C可有糜烂或浅表溃疡D被覆白色凝乳状斑点或斑片E假膜易擦去,呈现出血性创面 34.女性,28岁,全口牙龈增生,影响进食1月余,一个月前咽痛,发热4天。近两个月来,乏力、食欲不振、体重减轻10斤。若怀疑白血病,诊断前应首先做哪一项检查AX线片B测量血压C血象D量体温E活检 35.
20、高血压合并糖尿病的患者,不宜用下列哪种药物A氢氯噻嗪B血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂C美托洛尔D哌唑嗪E硝苯地平 36.下领义齿基托需要缓冲的部位是A磨牙后垫B下颌舌骨嵴C颊系带D颊侧翼缘区E舌侧翼缘区 37.息止颌位的描述,错误的是()A当口腔不咀嚼、不吞咽、不说话时,上、下牙列(牙弓)自然分开,下颌所处的位置B息止颌位并不是一个稳定的位置C升颌肌处于休息状态D息止间隙一般为14mmE生理意义是牙齿可避免非咀嚼性磨损38.贝尔面瘫患者急性期最恰当的治疗方法是A大剂量激素+阿司匹林+神经营养药B立即行面神经管减压术C尽快给予强电流刺激,促进肌运动D大剂量激素+肌兴奋剂E阿司匹林+神经营养药 39.有机
21、磷农药中毒的紧急处理原则之一A输液B对症处理C使用解磷定D吸痰E注射阿托品 40.不宜与肌松药合用的药物是A氨苄西林B米诺环素C庆大霉素D四环素E环丙沙星 41.型呼吸衰竭,有严重的二氧化碳潴留,以下哪项变化是不正确的A呼吸性酸中毒B脑血流量降低C肾排泄碳酸氢盐减少D神志障碍E颅压升高 42.医疗机构管理条例规定,医疗机构不得使用非卫生技术人员从事的工作为A医疗后勤服务B医疗卫生技术C医院安全保卫D医院财务审计E医疗器械采购 43.某患者,一上前牙牙冠大部缺损,做桩冠修复时,根管制备的长度应达根长的A1/52/5B3/54/5C1/41/2D1/3E2/33/4 44.某患者食欲不振、乏力,血
22、清学检查为:抗HAV IgG(+),抗HBc IgM(+),HBsAg(+)。可诊断为A甲型肝炎患者B乙型肝炎患者C甲型肝炎并发乙型肝炎D乙型肝炎并发甲型肝炎E丁型肝炎患者 45.关于减少瘢痕形成的重要措施,不正确的是A平行皮肤天然皱纹设计切口B电刀手术创伤小,切口整齐C细针细线正确对位缝合D适当早期拆线(面部无张力5天,颈部无张力7天)E手术后无感染 46.属于型超敏反应的疾病是A血清过敏性休克B接触性皮炎C类风湿性关节炎D新生儿溶血症E血管性水肿 47.深度烧伤的临床表现,下列错误的是A有时在大腿可见树枝状栓塞血管B创面多有水疱C创面痛觉迟钝D如无感染,创面34周愈合E愈合后多有增生性瘢痕 48.男性,70岁。余留牙影响义齿修复求拔除。患者曾患过脑栓塞,长期服用阿司匹林。为防止拔牙术后出血应查AX线片检查B血常规检查C血小板计数D凝血酶原时间E心电图检查 49.脂肪酸合成过程中,脂酰基的载体是A肉碱BCoACACPD草酰乙酸E丙二酰CoA 50.中熔铸造包埋材料中与凝固膨胀有关的成分主要是A石英B石膏C石墨D磷酸盐E硼酸