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1、2021 届南京市行知实验中学高三英语月考试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A You might not expect it,but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change.Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass,Now scientists have shown
2、 that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago.But this work was done in a laboratory,there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.In the
3、lab studies,the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed,and they would cause losing weight.That wasnt helpful,since cows are often sold by weight.It also wasnt clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.Now,scientists from the University of California,Davis hav
4、e answered several of these questions.The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months.They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood,which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off.This time,they used a much smaller amount of seawe
5、ed,which they mixed with the cows food.The results were surprisingly good.In some cases,the cows produced 82%less methane.The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given,but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33%less methane.Over the five months,the scientists didnt see any sign
6、s that the cows stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows.The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows,but they didnt need as much food.But there are still some
7、big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed.For one thing,theres notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world.So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.A bigger problem is that for most of their lives,cows live in fields,where they eat the grass.That means t
8、heres no chance to feed them seaweed every day.These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.Still,its true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.1.Why did t
9、he scientists do the experiment on the farm?A.To control the amount of seaweed.B.To record the weight cows gained.C.To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.D.To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.2.The underlined word“adequate”means _.A.common B.special C.lacking D.enough 3.The passage is
10、written to _.A.appeal to people not to raise the cows B.encourage people to plant the seaweed C.remind people of controlling cows weight D.call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution B Avi Loeb,a scientist,believes that we are not alone in the universe.The belief fits withLoebs alien spac
11、eship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter,which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017.It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from anot
12、her star.Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object,called“Oumuamua”got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy.“One possibility is that Oumuamua is debris from an advanced technological equipment,”Loeb said.“Technology comes from another solar system just sho
13、wed up at our door.”“Oumuamua is not an alien spaceship,”Paul Sutter,another scientist wrote.He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity.Most scientists think“Oumuamua”is some sort of rock.They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that“Oumuamuas”behavior means it cant be a block of rock sh
14、aped like a long photo.He thinks its more likely an object thats very long and thin,perhaps like a long pancake or a ships sail.Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs,he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very sa
15、fe,too-quiet scientists.“The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties,and that would give me even more time to focus on science,”Loeb says.He said he wouldnt mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew u
16、p.4.What does Loeb say about“Oumuamua”?A.It is an icy comet.B.It looks like a long photo.C.It is actually some sort of rock.D.It may come from another alien civilization.5.What does the underlined word“contradicts”in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B.Relies on.C.Turns to.D.Searches for.6.Wh
17、at do you think of Loeb?A.He is foolish.B.He is unsatisfied with his titles.C.He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D.He is uncertain about his career future.7.Whats the best title for the text?A.Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B.Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C.Scientists Are Worki
18、ng on High Technology D.Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel C At the foot of the Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang,a homestay(民宿)is attracting travelers from far and wide,which has won architectural(建筑学的)medal at the 2021 German iF Design Awards.The owners of the homestay are a couple in their late 3
19、0s who decided to return to their hometown three years ago.Li Xiumei used to be in charge of a division at a company in Hangzhou,and her husband was a sales director.It was an ordinary situation where Lis husband was on business trips a lot and Li worked overtime on weekends.City life sometimes is n
20、ot easy.In 2018,they quit jobs and went back to Dongtianmu village,which lies in a forest of bamboo.The first time they drove into the village was one late afternoon.The cooking smoke was rising from the foot of the mountain,which gave them a very different feeling form thecity.The homestay was buil
21、t beside her husbands old countryside house.The old house is preserved(保留),while a brand-new building was built on its side and the whole site is made up of for courtyards.It has been updated to have a hall,a tea room,a kitchen,a dining room.Japanese cherry trees are planted in the east courtyard.A
22、swimming pool is placed in the west courtyard,with a bar located on one side.Li and her husband love gardening and music,and their new home gives them enough space to continue their interests and relax in the heart of nature.Li wants to share the quiet country life,so she makes her new home a homest
23、ay.In 2019,the homestay became an online hit after guests shared their experiences on social media.“The longer I stay here,the more I feel it was the right choice to come back,and this is more meaningful than making money,”Li says.8.How did Li feel about city life?A.Satisfied.B.Tired.C.Attractive.D.
24、Noisy.9.What impressed the couple when first driving to the village?A.The smoke of cooking.B.The forest of bamboo.C.The smell of the village.D.The feeling of loneliness.10.What can we infer about the homestay from paragraph 4?A.It is ancient and broken.B.It can hold many guests.C.It has been rebuilt
25、 bythe couple.D.It must have been carefully designed.11.Whats more meaningful than earning money according to Li?A.Continuing their music dream.B.Staying at the old house.C.Living in the countryside.D.Developing the economy of cities.D Following the Famous Silk Roads The Silk Roads were a networkof
26、ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to theMediterranean.A key section of the Silk Roads is the Changan-Tianshan corridor（走廊）,whichstretchesover a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China,Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes
27、.The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage(遗产)status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads
28、 network isXian,inShanxiProvince.Further west on the Silk Roads,the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high,snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through theTianshanMountainsand emerge in the valleys ofCentral Asia.Although the Changan-Tianshan corridor of the Sil
29、k Roads ends here,the network continues westwards until it reaches theMediterranean.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century.Assigned by the emperor,the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Changan toCentral Asia,seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.Follow
30、ing Zhangs efforts,trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time,with the routes network reaching as far as theRoman Empire.Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk.They contributed many other items to the marke
31、tplace of goods.The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.Chinas exports included silk,porcelain,ironware and tea,while horses,jewellery,spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.In addition to trade exchange,th
32、e network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science,art,technology and many other areas in societies along the network.Astronomy and mathematics were introduced toChinafromIndiaandArabia;important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought t
33、o the West.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods,knowledge and ideas.These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations,which achieved a shared development.The addition of the Changan-Tianshan corridor to
34、 the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanitys common heritage.12.The key section of the Silk Roads is_.A.the Mediterranean B.Xian,inShanxiProvince C.KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan D.the Changan-Tianshan corridor 13.The underlined word“stretch
35、es”in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to_.A.stands B.spreads C.moves D.flies 14.Zhang Qian travelled from Changan toCentral Asiato_.A.export silk,porcelain,ironware and tea B.purchase horses,jewellery,spices and grapes C.seek help from the most powerful western countries D.build bridges between his
36、country and other countries 15.What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage?A.It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.B.It was recognized by the UNESCO asChinas heritage.C.It speeded up the development of the countries involved.D.It started a trade competition between coun
37、tries along the way.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Perhaps your doctor has recommended you exercise more,or youve been out of shape recently._16_.But how do you find the motivation,time and resources to get fit,particularly if you havent exercised for a while?Fo
38、r some people,hearing bad news from the doctor is often enough motivation to get started._17_.However,finding the time and effort to fit exercise into your daily routine is challenging._18_.And many people such as office workers,vehicle or machine operators have low activity levels at work and dont
39、feel like exercising after a long day.One way to overcome these barriers(障碍)might be to attend a group exercise session or join a sports club._19_,you can encourage a friend to join you or join an exercise group to make it enjoyable.Having a friend to exercise with or teammates to support you gives
40、a sense of commitment so that you have to be there and will be challenged if you fail to show up.You dont need to go to a gym with a lot of fancy equipment._20_.And rather than improving muscle strength with weights at the gym,you can fill milk bottles with water instead.A.If you find exercise borin
41、g B.When you perform aerobic exercise C.Maybe youve decided that its time to lose some weight D.Thats why its important to continue and repeat exercise sessions E.We know being“time poof”is a common reason for not exercising F.Many exercises,including push-ups and sit-ups,dont need special equipment
42、 G.So its a good idea to get a health check before starting if you havent exercised for years 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 My most extremecase of jealousy happened at camp this summer with a girl named Megan Martin.We_21_on the first d
43、ay of archery_22_.Most of us in my group had completely missed our_23_.Except Megan.No matter the activity,Megan was the best.And by best,I_24_ beyond the best!_25_the people who get all braggy,Megan was modest and friendly.So I felt_26_ terrible the way I did.Then,one day at lunch,Megan sat down ne
44、xt to me.And then she told me a(n)_27_riddle,I giggled.And then we spent a lot of time telling_28_ .Later I knew we both had five-year old twin brothers.And it wasnt the only thing we had_29_!The more we talked,the more I realized how_30_it was that Id been_31_energy feeling jealous when I could hav
45、e been building a_32_.Megan told me that she_33_ she had my creativity in telling stories.That comment_34_ me.Hearing that I couldnt get over how good she was at everything,Megan_35_and suggested we invent a machine that would let people_36_skills for a little while.It was a(n)_37_idea and we spent
46、the rest of lunch_38_the details of the invention.Its probably impossible not to feel a tiny bit envious at least once in your life.But try to remember that you have your own_39_unique that makes you special.And I know for a fact that putting more energy into_40_thing like building friendship,and le
47、ss energy into negatives thing like feeling jealous,helps make for happier days all round.21.A.knew B.met C.acknowledged D.accompanied 22.A.report B.visit C.practice D.certificate 23.A.targets B.turns C.chances D.times 24.A.mean B.attain C.announce D.envy 25.A.Besides B.Regardless of C.As well as D.
48、Unlike 26.A.even B.still C.just D.extra 27.A.exciting B.moving C.amusing D.scary 28.A.dreams B.jokes C.tricks D.lies 29.A.in common B.on purpose C.on our side D.in mind 30.A.admirable B.ridiculous C.stubborn D.desperate 31.A.wasting B.saving C.gathering D.compensating 32.A.team B.family C.home D.fri
49、endship 33.A.thought B.imagined C.wished D.guaranteed 34.A.congratulated B.frightened C.astonished D.convinced 35.A.laughed B.Sympathized C.complained D.scolded 36.A.train B.trade C.forget D.purchase 37.A.ambiguous B.troublesome C.accessible D.fantastic 38.A.turning off B.making out C.working out D.
50、putting off 39.A.tiresome B.sincere C.abnormal D.awesome 40.A.public B.positive C.voluntary D.interesting 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 China has been selected to host the World Skills Competition in Shanghai in 2021 an event it hopes to us for building a stronger t