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1、2021 届广州市花都区实验中学高三英语期中试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isnt an either/or one,although the current emphasis on preparing youn
2、g Americans for STEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training,but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of America
3、s educational system at all levels.Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society,become innovative leaders,and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who
4、have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances,its natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical”w
5、ay out of the problem;“major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft”often,in fact,lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expr
6、essed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively,and communicate easily.Moreover,students should be prepared not just for their first job,but for their 4th and 5th jobs,as theres little reason to doubt
7、 that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to take advantage of every available tool and
8、 insightpicked up from science,arts,and technologyto solve the problems of the future,and seize the opportunities,will be helpful to them and the nation.1.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B.The humanities and
9、 STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students spiritual life.D.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A.Their interest in relevant subjects.B.T
10、he academic value of the courses.C.The quality of education to receive.D.Their chances of getting a good job.3.What does the author say about the so called“soft”subjects?A.They benefit students in their future life.B.They broaden students range of interests.C.They just improve students communication
11、 skills.D.They are essential to students healthy growth.B If you easily make mistakes when in a hurry,a new study from Michigan State Universitythe largest of its kind to date-found that meditation(冥想)could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation(OMM)or,medi
12、tationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in ones mind and bodyalteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.“Peoples interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.”said Jeff Lin,MSU psychology doctor
13、al candidate and study co-author.“But its amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object,commonly your breath,but open monitoring meditation is a bit
14、different,”Lin said,“It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body.The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authorsWilliam Eckerle,Ling Peng and Jason Moserhir
15、ed more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The participants,who had never meditated before,were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencepha
16、lography(脑电图),or EEG.Then,they completed a computerized distraction(分心)test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level,so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,”Lin said.“A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after
17、 an error called the error positivity,which is linked to conscious error recognition.We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brains ability to detect and pay at
18、tention to mistakes,”Moser said.4.What does the underlined word“altered”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Changed.B.Prevented.C.Started.D.Recorded.5.Why is open monitoring meditation different?A.It is just aimed at a single object.B.It clears your mind of everything.C.It gets too caught up in the scene
19、ry.D.It focuses on where the mind travels.6.What did the researchers do for the study A.They hired people who had meditated before.B.They measured the participants brain activity.C.They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D.They had non-meditators design a distraction test.7.What is the best t
20、itle for the text?A.Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a Hurry B.Youre Able to Recognize Errors Consciously C.Meditators Brain Proves Much More Active D.OMM Can Help You Make Fewer Mistakes C Recycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort,and the wide variety of plastics we produce,the pollution
21、from waste,and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济)problem.Its estimated(估计)only 9%of plastic ever created has been recycled.But with the help of a chemical process,Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and
22、downside.Theres limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade(生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun.Its a long process,and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes.Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellections task is to make most plastic waste recyclable
23、.She outlines two current methods.One is to take plastics like water bottles,wash them,cut them,melt and reconstitute them.“Thats a very limited process”she says,due to the requirement that plastics be“clean”.The other,which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution,is called hydrolysis(热
24、解).Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy,but“its not economical,she says.BioCellections solution builds on research from over ten years ago,Wang explains,when a US studydiscovered pure polyethylene powder(聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst(催化剂).
25、Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic.In the years since,they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job,only faster,which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present.“We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the o
26、ne that was used before,Wang says.Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags,the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.“Right now were able to achieve about 70%transformation from plastic waste materia
27、l to these chemicals,”she adds,saying theyre working to increase that figure.8.Why has so little plastic been recycled?A.Plastic is chemically stable.B.Recycling plastic led to pollution.C.We produced various plastics.D.Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.9.What does Wang think of the two current
28、 methods?A.Highly effective and dynamic.B.Expensive and pollution-causing.C.Limited and energy-consuming.D.Widely used and recognized.10.What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?A.Polyethylene powder.B.Chemical products.C.Plastic films.D.A catalyst.11.What is the text mainly about?A
29、.Miranda Wang and her company.B.A new plastic recycling method.C.The greatest downside of plastic.D.Transformation of plastic waste.D When I was trying to find a place where to spend my December holidays,I met by chance some cheap flights to Iceland.After checking just a few winter pictures of Icela
30、nd,I realized that the country,known as the land of fire and ice,during the cold months of the year could offer me experiences I had never had before.For sure you cant miss the chance to go to Iceland in winter if your traveling wish list includes at least one of the crazy experiences Iceland can of
31、fer.Iceland in the North Atlantic Ocean is a paradise(乐园)for all those who want to see the northern lights,experience cold weather conditions and put themselves in geothermal(地热的)baths while the snow is falling on their head.The best way to move around Iceland is with a rental car.Distances are huge
32、 and public transport in winter is not really common out of the major towns.As we wanted to be even more convenient we decided to rent a small camper(野营车).Sleeping and cooking in a camper saved us a lot of driving,money and gave us the chance tobe always in the right place at the right time.There we
33、re also no locals and in many cases no tourist facilities(设备).For us,as we slept in a camper,it was easier.But for tourists traveling by normal cars it is necessary to check the opening times ofhotels and restaurants as many of them run just from June to September.It is amazing to experience how the
34、 weather is changing in Iceland.However,Icelanders prefer to stay inside their houses.They have even no time to complain about the weather in December.All they care about is Christmas.They love to decorate their houses,sing Christmas songs and eat typical Christmas food.12.Why is Iceland famous as t
35、he land of fire and ice?A.Because tourists would like to play with fire on the ice.B.Because it is too dry to easily cause fire to happen.C.Because it is hot inside a house and cold outside.D.Because there exist hot springs and freezing ice.13.What did the author think of the rented camper?A.It was
36、not only practical but also economical.B.It was convenient but cost them more money.C.It provided the best chance to see the new country.D.It was much faster than other public transport.14.What does the last paragraph imply?A.The Icelanders prefer to live with their family.B.The joy of Christmas dri
37、ves the freezing weather away.C.December is the coldest month of the year.D.The Icelanders are always positive and stay outside.15.What does this passage most probably come from?A.A textbook B.A scientific report C.A travel magazine D.A news report 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处
38、的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Maybe you are an average student.You probably think you will never be a top student.This is not necessarily so,however._16_Heres how:Plan your time carefully.When planning your work,you should make a list of things that you have to do.After making this list,you should make a schedu
39、le of your time.Firstyour time for eating,sleeping,dressing,etc.Then decide a good,regular time for studying._17_A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems,but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study.Look around the house for a good study area.Ke
40、ep this space,which may be a desk or simply a comer of your room,free of everything but study materials.No games,radios,or television.When you sit down to study,concentrate on the subject.Make good use of your time in class._18_Listening carefully in class means less work Inter.Taking notes will hel
41、p you remember what the teacher says.Study regularly.When you get home from school,go over your notes,review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day,read that material._19_If you do these things regularly,the material will become more meaningful,and youll remember it
42、longer.Develop a good attitude towards tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.They help you remember your new knowledge.The world wont end if you dont pass a test,so dont be over worried._20_You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.A.Thi
43、s will help you understand the next class.B.Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.C.Dont forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.D.No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.E.There are other methods that might help you with your studying.F.Take advantag
44、e of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.G.Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 All my life,I have been overweight and never imagined I will start runn
45、ing.One night,surfing through Facebook,I_21_a picture of an old school friend.Obesity was no_22_to him back in the day.So imagine my_23_when I saw that he had shrunk to half the size I remembered.I started my process of_24_myself the next day.I started_25_and began with walks,circling the shortest b
46、locks I could find.In a while,my body burned and_26_,and nothing excited me more than the thought of quitting._27_,I didnt give up and my walks expanded to several blocks worth.On the fifth day,I thought I probably could run.Standing on the road,I_28_far down the road,about a tenth of a mile in leng
47、th.“Way too far to run,”my aching body told me._29_,another voice spoke,“I can do this.”My feet_30_without a second thought.Right away,familiar_31_pulsed through（充满）them,all the way up my legs.Soon,I was breathless,and desperate for_32_.I wanted to quit.“I can do this”,the_33_spoke again.In the end,
48、I failed to reach my goal.Thirty feet or so_34_me from my goal.But when I looked back,I couldnt believe my eyes.The_35_seemed farther than expected._36_the thirty feet,I had almost achieved my desire to be better in less than a_37_.The next morning,I was ready to take on the_38_again.While I havent
49、completely_39_thoughts of giving up,theyre quieter now.Quieter than the voice that_40_me forward “I can do this.”21.A.searched B.spotted C.figured D.realized 22.A.stranger B.wonder C.need D.good 23.A.sorrow B.excitement C.surprise D.delight 24.A.believing B.denying C.comforting D.bettering 25.A.slow
50、 B.fast C.right D.normal 26.A.waked B.moved C.ached D.trembled 27.A.Gradually B.Immediately C.Fortunately D.Abruptly 28.A.measured B.sensed C.walked D.stared 29.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Otherwise 30.A.came out B.took off C.paid off D.fell out 31.A.burning B.breaking C.emotion D.passion 32.A