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1、2021 届哈尔滨市第十八中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Try one of these amazing destinations on your next vacation.Mallorca On the popular Spanish island of Mallorca,farmhouse inns focus more on providing isolation and quietness than off
2、ering hands-on farming experiences.With millions of visitors staying on the beaches of Mallorca and the other Balearic Islands each summer,a little bit of isolation is a good thing for aloneness-seeking travelers.Mainly located in the hills of inland Mallorca,these inns range from rustic century-old
3、 farmhouses to luxury(奢侈的)villas with spas and swimming pools.Hawaii People who dont want to dig out their passport but still want their farm adventure can head to the island of Hawaii.The 50th state talks much about the well-developed farm tourism industry that can hold people with different intere
4、sts.Agritourism choices range from visiting coffee plantations(种植园)in the Big Islands Kona region to exploring the plantations on Maui to staying on farms on the easily reachable island of Oahu.California California is one ofthe best places in the U.S.to enjoy a farm-stay,thanks to the diversity of
5、crops and farms.Small family farms and large farms offer a more hands-on approach to agritourism.Many of them teach small-scale farming techniques and even offer strategies for organic growing.The University of California system,one of the largest state-run higher education systems in the U.S.,has a
6、 small-farm program that helps growers create agritourism businesses.Philippine Islands With diverse conditions on different islands,the Philippine Islands are ideal places for visiting multiple agritourism sites or focusing on one product.Tourists can visit a huge pineapple plantation for a taste o
7、f large-scale agriculture,or they could focus on smaller operations such as bee farms,and even small plantations that specialize in growing tropical produce such as dragon fruit.1.What kind of people will choose to go to Mallorca?A.Those who prefer peace of mind.B.Those who like lying on the beach.C
8、.Those who enjoy the luxury of tourism.D.Those who want to experience farming.2.What can people do on the Philippine Islands?A.Live in farmhouses.B.Visit plantations.C.Learn farming techniques.D Take part in a farm program.3.What are the four places in the text famous for?A.Locations.B.Environments.
9、C.Local products.D.Tourism features.B Following the Famous Silk Roads The Silk Roads were a networkof ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to theMediterranean.A key section of the Silk Roads is the Changan-Tianshan corridor（走廊）,whichstretchesover a distance of around 5,000 k
10、ilometres through China,Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes.The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage(遗产)status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.This made history as the first successful
11、 multinational World Heritage application.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network isXian,inShanxiProvince.Further west on the Silk Roads,the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high,snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through theTians
12、hanMountainsand emerge in the valleys ofCentral Asia.Although the Changan-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here,the network continues westwards until it reaches theMediterranean.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century.Assigned by the emperor,the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from
13、Changan toCentral Asia,seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.Following Zhangs efforts,trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time,with the routes network reaching as far as theRoman Empire.Economic activities alo
14、ng the routes network were not limited to trade in silk.They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods.The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.Chinas exports included silk,porcelain,ironware and tea,while horses,jewellery,
15、spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.In addition to trade exchange,the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science,art,technology and many other areas in societies along the network.Astronomy and mathematics were introduced
16、toChinafromIndiaandArabia;important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods,knowledge and ideas.These routes connected Eastern and West
17、ern civilizations,which achieved a shared development.The addition of the Changan-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanitys common heritage.4.The key section of the Silk Roads is_.A.the Mediterranean B.Xian,inSh
18、anxiProvince C.KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan D.the Changan-Tianshan corridor 5.The underlined word“stretches”in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to_.A.stands B.spreads C.moves D.flies 6.Zhang Qian travelled from Changan toCentral Asiato_.A.export silk,porcelain,ironware and tea B.purchase horses,jewellery,
19、spices and grapes C.seek help from the most powerful western countries D.build bridges between his country and other countries 7.What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage?A.It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.B.It was recognized by the UNESCO asChinas heritage.C.It
20、speeded up the development of the countries involved.D.It started a trade competition between countries along the way.C Thermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions,like a free lunch.But the high cost of these devices has prevented their wides
21、pread use.Now,researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well.The work could pave the way for greener car engines,and other energy-generating devices.“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,”says Li-Dong Zhao,a materials scientist.He notes th
22、ere are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing.However,he says,“This will be used in the not too far future.”Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface.That gives them a hot side and a cool side.If a device allows the hot side to warm up the c
23、ool side,the electricity stops flowing.A devices success at preventing this,as well as its ability to conduct electrons,feeds into a score known as the figure of merit,or ZT.Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs.The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came u
24、p with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1.Yet the material was too fragile to work with.“For practical applications,its a non-star-ter,”Kanatzidis says.Getting through that door will still take some time.The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na,creating a“p-type”material that conducts positive
25、charges.To make working devices,researchers also need an“n-type”version to conduct negative charges.Zhaos team is now working on making an n-type version.Once successful,researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors.Those could be insta
26、lled everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65%of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.8.The first paragraph wants to tell us_.A.The wide use of thermoelectric generators B.The devices of current thermoelectric generators C.T
27、he reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics D.The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection 9.How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?A.Indifferent.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Worried.10.What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph
28、4 and 5?A.It was far from a success for practical applications.B.A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.C.Researchers made an“n-type”version to make working devices D.A“p-type”material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges 11.What does the underlined word“scavenge”in
29、 the last paragraph mean?A.Recycle.B.Produce.C.Clean.D.Increase.D Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的)question over the loudspeaker:“Does anyone on board know American Body Language?”She knew she needed to help.Cla
30、ra,15 at the time,pressed the call button.The flight attendant came by and explained the situation.“We have a passenger on the plane whos blind and deaf,”she said.The passenger seemed to want something,but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldnt understand what he needed,according t
31、o PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia(阅读障碍)and knew shed be able to spell on the mans palm(手掌)by finger.So she unbuckled her seat belt,walked toward the front of the plane,and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook,then 64.Gently taking his hand,she w
32、rote,“How are you?Are you OK?”Cook asked for some water.When it arrived,Clara returned to her seat.She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time.On her third visit,she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didnt need anything.He was lonely and wanted to talk,”Clara said.So for the ne
33、xt hour,that was what they did.She talked about her family and her plans for the future(she wants to be a politician).Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman.Even though he couldnt see her,she“looked attentively at his face w
34、ith such kindness”,a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,”a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview.“You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to,and she was such a warm-hearted girl.”Cooks reaction:“Best trip Ive ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help
35、?Start with this random(随时的)act of kindness that can change someones life right now.12.The flight attendant asked an urgent question because _.A.the passenger was traveling alone B.the plane was in a dangerous situation C.the passenger asked for something suddenly D.none of the flight attendants cou
36、ld communicate with the passenger 13.Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A.Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B.Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C.Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D.Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.14
37、.Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A.Kind and caring.B.Warm-hearted and brave.C.careful and calm.D.opened-minded and confident.15.The passage is mainly written to _.A.tell a touching story of an amazing girl B.show the great importance of American Body Language C.encourage readers
38、 to give a hand kindly and randomly D.show how kind the flight attendant was to help Cook 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Some effective ways to Meet New People It is universally acknowledged that first impressions matter a lot.If you want to know how to meet peo
39、ple,just follow these steps.Live in the moment.To meet new people,the first thing you have to do is enjoy the present moment of the new conversation.Let go of your expectations and fears._16_ When you approach a new person,dont ask yourself,“How do I look?”or“How do I sound?”Instead,ask,“What would
40、this person like to talk about?”or“What matters to this person?”_17_ If you keep up your confidence,people feel that youre a person who is worth talking to.You should be confident before you walk into a room with new people in it and build your confidence as the conversation goes along.Just smile,ta
41、lk about the things that you love,and show everyone that you love who you are,where you are,and what you do._18_Stand tall,maintain eye contact,and dont fidget(烦躁)with your hands or look at the floor.When you introduce yourself,speak clearly and loudly enough that youll be heard.Be positive._19_You
42、should smile from time to time.Talk about the things you love,the things that make you happy,and your interests to keep people engaged.Dont talk about your longstanding hatredfor a certain teacher,or classmate._20_The occasional“Thats so true!”or“I know exactly what you mean!”will be far more positi
43、ve.A.Stay confident.B.Communicate in a fun and casual way.C.Body language can help you stay confident.D.They can prevent a conversation from unfolding smoothly.E.Dont ask for the persons number in the middle of the conversation.F.Maintaining a positive attitude will make people want to talk to you.G
44、.Dont nod and agree with what the person is saying everyfive seconds.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I was traveling by train from Perth to Central one morning.Quietly sitting there reading,I found myself suddenly listening to the train g
45、uards_21_.As I looked up from my paper,I noticed other passengers,_22_absorbed in their smart phones,also appeared to be listening.Why did they_23_this message so much?As best I can recall,the guard said something along the_24_,“Good Morning,everyone!This is the 7:35 a.m.train from Perth to Central
46、and we are right on time.It is really a_25_morning in Sydney today!The sun is shining,birds are_26_,and alls right with the world.I trust you have a great day wherever youre going.Thanks for_27_my train and I hope to see you again soon.Have a great day.”Everyone started smiling,even the_28_talking t
47、o one another,all about the guards_29_and how good it made everyone feel.I was thinking about this and as I exited the train,I_30_the Guards cabin to thank him,only to be told he had just finished his_31_and was on his way home.Then I_32_down the stairs.At the bottom,I finally_33_the young guard.“Ar
48、e you the guard on the 7:35 train from Perth?”“Oh,oh,yes,yes.”replied the guard,a bit_34_at first.“Well,I just want to thank you for your message.It is so upbeat and pleasant.Thank you for giving us such a good_35_to the day.Please_36_doing it.”When people are happy in their_37_,it shows in what the
49、y do and say,which will make a_38_to each other.Can you imagine the conversation that guard would have at table when he_39_home,“Guess what happened to me todaya customer actually_40_me!”21.A.announcement B.explanation C.appreciation D.arrangement 22.A.confidently B.deliberately C.anxiously D.previo
50、usly 23.A.object to B.pay attention to C.get across D.give out 24.A.rows B.texts C.lines D.passages 25.A.busy B.violent C.free D.lovely 26.A.falling B.singing C.trembling D.hiding 27.A.leaving B.decorating C.taking D.cleaning 28.A.friends B.cleaners C.acquaintances D.strangers 29.A.message B.instruc