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1、the Non-finite Verb非谓语动词1.不定式 to do2.动名词 V-ing 3.分词V-ingV-ed非谓语除了不做谓语，其他什么成分我都来！n.adj.adv.n.adj.adj.adv.非谓语动词1.不定式 to do2.动名词 V-ing 3.分词V-ingV-ed不定式 to doN/Adj/Adv To see is to believe.We are invited to a speed dating to be held in Yuanrong square next Friday.To find your prince charming,you must ig
2、nore others.后置定语后置定语主语主语目的状语目的状语表语表语N Adj Adv To buy gifts on an anonymous(匿名的)basis is an amazing feeling.It is an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous(匿名的)basis,says Linda.【10年，上海卷】it Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies【10年福建】To b
3、uy from environmentally responsible companies is important.10年江苏写作自己英语学习的自己英语学习的情况情况1.1.英语学习的目的英语学习的目的2.2.英语学习的方法英语学习的方法3.3.课外自学的途径课外自学的途径 对学校英语教学对学校英语教学的建议的建议（请考生根据自己的经（请考生根据自己的经历与感想，提出两至三历与感想，提出两至三点建议）。点建议）。5.【10年，江苏卷】我从小就对英语非常感兴趣，我未来的梦想是当一名英语口译，自然而然，学好英语对我来说非常重要。Since my childhood,I have been hoo
4、ked by been hooked by English and pursue my dream pursue my dream as an English interpreter.Naturally,it is important for me to learn English well.It is vital for me to learn English well.It is significant for me to learn English well.It is of importance to learn English well.It is of great importan
5、ce to learn English well.不定式 to doN/Adj/Adv To see is to believe.It is+Adj/of N for sb to do sth 在写作中的运用We are invited to a speed dating to be held to be held in Yuanrong square next Friday.next Friday.主语主语表语表语N Adj Adv 有明显的将来时间3.The play next monthnext month aims mainly to reflect the local culture
6、.（09安徽）A.produced B.being producedC.to be produced D.having been produced内内 容：公共场所禁烟容：公共场所禁烟实施时间：实施时间：20112011年年1 1月月1 1日起日起实施范围：全国实施范围：全国目目 标：所有室内公共场所无烟标：所有室内公共场所无烟措措 施：张贴禁烟标志施：张贴禁烟标志相关数据：相关数据：（1 1）吸烟人数：约）吸烟人数：约3.53.5亿亿（2 2）分）分 布：男性布：男性7575；女性：；女性：2525（3 3）受二手烟影响人数：约）受二手烟影响人数：约5.45.4亿亿（4 4）因二手烟死亡人数
7、：超过）因二手烟死亡人数：超过1010万万/年年以下是一则关于中国政府决定禁烟的报道以下是一则关于中国政府决定禁烟的报道的主要内容的主要内容:即将于2011年1月1号在全国范围内实施的禁烟运动旨在创造一个无烟的公共环境。The non-smoking campaign to be carried out to be carried out on January 1st all over the country aims to create a non-smoking environment.The non-smoking campaign to be undertakento be under
8、taken on January 1st nationwide aims to aims to create a non-smoking a non-smoking surrounding.The non-smoking campaign to be launched to be launched on January 1st nationwide is intended to is intended to create a non-smoking surrounding.7.Im going to the supermarket this this afternoon.afternoon.D
9、o you have anything_?（04上海春）A.to be buying B.to buy C.for buying D.Bought8.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live.（03上海春）A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playingbought7.Im going to the supermarket this this
10、afternoon.afternoon.Do you have anything_?（04上海春）A.to be buying B.to buy C.for buying D.BoughtYou have something to be bought.You have something to buy.boughtI have a lot of E-mails to check.I have a lot of E-mails to be checked.7.Im going to the supermarket this this afternoon.afternoon.Do you have
11、 anything_?（04上海春）A.to be buying B.to buy C.for buying D.Bought8.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live.（03上海春）A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playingbought8.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that
12、each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live.（03上海春）A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playingEach of us has a role to be played to be played in making the earth a better place to live.Each of us has a role to playto play in making the earth a better place to liv
13、e.结论1：当不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系；同时又与本句中的另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系时，可用to do表被动。龚露，我有问题要问。GL,I I have some questionssome questions to askask.请给我一些线索来猜测。GL,please give me me some clues some clues to guess by.guess by.我有一个表哥要推荐。I I get a cousina cousin to recommendrecommend.11.When I handed the report to John,he said that Ge
14、orge was the person _.（96上海）A.to send B.for sending it C.to send it to D.for sending it toP3（下）By the end of eight months,Sinclair had sold more that 20,000 ZX80 computers,making it a real hit.The company expanded rapidly,and he even had to open a new centre in the USA to cope with the increased dem
15、and.Sinclair the introduced the ZX Spectrum computer in 1982.Although marketed as a computer that could be used to help computer programming,the main advantage of this computer was that it was good for playing computer games on.on这支笔很好写 This pen is good to write with这辆车很好骑This bike is good to ride o
16、n I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good()【08年，全国卷I】A to be breathed B to breathe C breathing D being breathed.我需要一支笔写字。I need a pen to write with.给我一些纸写字。Give me some paper to write on.有一些事情应该为之表示感激。There are some things to be greatful for.write with a pen write on paperb
17、e greatful for some things结论2：当不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系且动词为不及物动词时，需用“不定式+介词”的结构，这种情况下的介词不可省。4.With facts,we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge_our thinking.A.upon which to base B.which to be based on C.which to base on D.to which to be base on we need to have factual
18、knowledge knowledge to base our thinking upon.当不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系且动词为不及物动词时，需用“不定式+介词”的结构，这种情况下的介词不可省。介介we need to have factual knowledge upon which knowledge upon which to base our thinking.我需要一支笔写字。I need a pen to write with.给我一些纸写字。Give me some paper to write on.有一些事情应该为之表示感激。There are some thi
19、ngs to be greatful for.write with a pen write on paperbe greatful for some things当不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系且动词为不及物动词时，需用“不定式+介词”的结构，这种情况下的介词不可省。I need a pen to write with.I need a pen with which to write.Give me some paper to write on.Give me some paper on which to write.There are some things to be great
20、ful for.There are some things for which to be greatful.不定式 to doN/Adj/Adv To see is to believe.It is+Adj/N for sb to do sth 在写作中的运用We are invited to a speed dating to be held to be held in Yuanrong square next Friday.next Friday.主语主语表语表语Adv 有明显的将来时间4.Schools across China are expected to are expected
21、 to hire 50,000 college graduateshire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers ,almost three times the number hired last year ,()reduce unemployment pressures reduce unemployment pressures .（09江苏）A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped To find her adopted family,To find he
22、r adopted family,Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish list for a family thats struggling to survive.【10年，湖南】83.Why did Linda ask for a wish list?(No more than 15 words)She wanted to find some children who need to be adopted.Classic studies by Harry Harlow,published in 1958,showed monk
23、eys preferred to stay close to a cloth“mother”rather than one made of wire,even when the wire“mother”carried a food bottle.Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from care givers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal s
24、ocial skills.52.The author mentions Harlows experiment to show that _.A.adults should develop social skillsB.babies need warm physical contactC.care givers should be healthy adultsD.monkeys have social relationshipsTo find his way back,the hero made To find his way back,the hero made every effort.ev
25、ery effort.The hero made every effort to find his The hero made every effort to find his way back.way back.The hero made every effort ,to find his The hero made every effort ,to find his way back.way back.To find his way back,the hero made To find his way back,the hero made every effort.every effort
26、.The hero made every effort to find his The hero made every effort to find his way back.way back.The hero made every effort ,to find his The hero made every effort ,to find his way back.way back.The glass doors have taken the place The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entra
27、nce ,of the wooden ones at the entrance ,_ in the natural light during the _ in the natural light during the day.day.（0707天津）天津）A.to let A.to let B.letting B.letting C.let D.having letC.let D.having let18.My cousin came to see me from the country,_me a full basket of fresh fruits.（06安徽）A.brought B.b
28、ringing C.to bring D.had brought不定式 to doN/Adj/Adv To see is to believe.It is+Adj/N for sb to do sth 在写作中的运用We are invited to a speed dating to be held to be held in Yuanrong square next Friday.next Friday.主语主语表语表语Adv 有明显的将来时间only toonly to：未预料到的、不愉快的结果：未预料到的、不愉快的结果1）He hurried to the station only _
29、 that the train had left.（05广东）A.to find B.finding C.found D.to have found2）He hurried to the booking office only_ that all the tickets had been sold out.(06陕西卷)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told3）The news reporters hurried to the airport,only_ the film stars had left.（04福建）A.to tell B.to be to
30、ld C.telling D.told 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing”的英文稿件。请的英文稿件。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。游到春游结束的完整过程。(2008(2008年，北京卷）年，北京卷）We reached the top of the moutain full of delight,only to find waste waste is thrown everywhe
31、re.We reached the top of the moutain full of delight,only to find rubbish rubbish is thrown everywhere.We reached the top of the moutain full of delight,only to find litters litters are thrown everywhere.We reached the top of the moutain full of delight,only to find trash trash is thrown everywhere.
32、不定式小结不定式小结N/Adj/Adv N:it is+N/Adj for sb to do sth Adj:注意主被动的关系；介词不可省的情况；N+to do+不可省介词=N+不可省介词+which+to do Adv:表目的（用于句末省，）；表出乎意料的结果；only toonly to：未预料到的结果：未预料到的结果1）He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.（05广东）A.to find B.finding C.found D.to have found2）He hurried to the booking of
33、fice only_ that all the tickets had been sold out.(06陕西卷)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told3）The news reporters hurried to the airport,only_ the film stars had left.（04福建）A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.toldHe was busy writing a story,only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.(08辽宁辽宁)A.to
34、stop B.stoppingC.to have stopped D.having stopped 非谓语动词1.不定式 to do2.动名词 V-ing 3.分词V-ingV-ed非谓语除了不做谓语，其他什么成分我都来！n.adj.adv.n.adj.adj.adv.V-ing【M5 U2 P22】This will have a lasting effect.That was an extremely interesting speech.The fast-growing economy has caused environmental problems.A wood-burning st
35、ove is environmentally unfriendly.People running these factories are very concerned about the environment.lastingadj.adv.interestingfast-growingwood-burningrunning these factorieseffectspeecheconomystovePeople16.The bell _ the end of the period rang,_ our heated discussion.（01上海）A.indicating;interru
36、pting B.indicated;interrupting C.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted14.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.（04上海）A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt12.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _
37、in your mind instead of before your eyes.（04广西）A.to form B.form C.forming D.having formedGold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend,and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.【02年全国】62.What is the meaning of“t
38、he organic trend”as the words are used in the text?A.growing interest in organic food B.better quality of organic food C.rising market for organic food D.higher prices of organic foodshoppersshoppers暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计划，提出了不同看法，请根据提示写一篇划，提出了不同看法，请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈你的看法。有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈
39、你的看法。那些反对外出旅游的人认为旅游花费多，且旅途不便People opposing travelling outdoor hold that not only is touring expensive,it also causes people much inconvenience.假定你是李华。应英国朋友假定你是李华。应英国朋友BobBob的要求，的要求，写一封短信介绍你校图书馆的基本情况。写一封短信介绍你校图书馆的基本情况。内容须包括下面两幅图中的相关信息。内容须包括下面两幅图中的相关信息。The library standing between the teaching buildi
40、ng and the garden opens between 9 oclock in the morning and 7 oclock in the evening.周一到周五早上9:00-晚上7:00,周末闭馆66 66 假设你校举办看图征文活动，题目为假设你校举办看图征文活动，题目为“How How to Protect Our Eyesightto Protect Our Eyesight”。请你用英语写一。请你用英语写一篇短文，指出图中所反映的现象，并从阅读时篇短文，指出图中所反映的现象，并从阅读时间、光线、眼睛保健及睡眠等方面，谈谈保护间、光线、眼睛保健及睡眠等方面，谈谈保护视力的
41、具体方法。视力的具体方法。(2007(2007年，天津）年，天津）P1：提出问题 （1句）S1:As is shown in the picture,+图片或图表反映出来的现象 S1:As is shown in the picture,there are a number of students who wear glasses whenever they look at the blackboard.S1:As is shown in the picture,there are a number of students wearing glasses whenever they look
42、at the blackboard.(there be 句型)+内套定语从句People running these factories are very concerned about the environment.People having run these factories for years for years are very concerned about the environment.having run these factories running these factories下列图画描述的是你的一段亲身经历，请据此为一家中学生英文报的故事专栏写一篇短文。【97年，
43、全国】这对夫妻一直在那里等我们是因为他们在期待着另有违反交通规则的人来顶替他们。This couple had been waiting for us because they were expecting people disobeying traffic rulesdisobeying traffic rules would be in place of them.Having expected people disobeying traffic rules to take the place of them for half an hour,the couple finally caug
44、ht us.Having expected people disobeying traffic rules V-ing【M5 U2 P22】This will have a lasting effect.That was an extremely interesting speech.The fast-growing economy has caused environmental problems.A wood-burning stove is environmentally unfriendly.People running these factories are very concern
45、ed about the environment.lastingadj.adv.interestingfast-growingwood-burningrunning these factorieseffectspeecheconomystovePeople被动被动之前之前having been done主动主动之前之前having done被动被动同时同时being done主动主动同时同时(基本同时基本同时)doing(和主语和主语)主被动主被动(与谓语比与谓语比)时间先后时间先后-ing作状语作状语因为提前被告知电影会很感人，所以龚老师准备了五包餐巾纸。Because I had been
46、 told the film would be moving,I prepared five packs of tissues.当我四面环顾时，我发现很多人都情不自禁地在啜泣。When I looked around,I found that numerous audiences couldnt help sobbing.如果你提前准备好，你就没必要向别人借餐巾纸了。If you have prepared fully,you dont have to borrow tissues from others.人们在电影院里纷纷使用餐巾纸，导致电影院成了白色垃圾的海洋。People used up
47、 so much napkins that they made the theatre become an ocean of white rubbish.Because WhenIf so thatIIIIyou you PeopletheyLooking around,I found numerous audiences couldnt help sobbing.Having been told the film would be moving,MG prepared five packs of tissue.Having prepared fully,you dont have to bo
48、rrow tissues from others.People used up so much napkins,making the theatre become an ocean of white rubbish.37.Cant you read?Mary said_ to the notice.（93全国）A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointingsaidpointed angrily Mary said as she angrily pointed to the notic
49、e.38._ a reply,he decided to 38._ a reply,he decided to write again.write again.（9292全国）全国）A.Not receiving A.Not receiving B.Receiving not B.Receiving not C.Not having received C.Not having received D.Having not received D.Having not received Because he had not received a reply,he decided to write a
50、gain.25.Oil prices have risen by 32 25.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,percent since the start of the year,_ a record US$57.65 a _ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.barrel on April 4.（0505山东）山东）A.have reachedA.have reached B.reaching B.reaching C.to reachC.to reac