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1、Unit 2Working the landUsinglanguageWordspreviewchemicalproductionbacteriapestnutritionmineraldiscoveryadj.化学的化学的;关于化学的关于化学的n.生产生产;制造制造n.细菌细菌n.害虫害虫;害兽害兽;害鸟害鸟n.营养营养;滋养滋养;食物食物n.矿物矿物;矿石矿石n.发现发现;发觉发觉focussoilreducerootskimunderlinesummarycommentn.焦点焦点;中心点中心点vt.集中集中;聚焦聚焦n.土壤土壤vt.减少减少;减缩减缩n.根根;根源根源vt.浏览浏览;
2、略读略读vt.画底线标出画底线标出;强调强调n.总结总结;摘要摘要;概要概要n.评论评论;议论议论vi.&vt.表达意见表达意见;做出评论做出评论Expressionspreviewbuildupleadtofocusonkeepfreefrom/of逐渐增强逐渐增强;建立建立;开发开发导致导致;造成造成(后果后果)集中集中(注意力注意力,精力等精力等)于于使使免受免受(影响影响,伤害等伤害等)；使使不含不含(有害物有害物)Itisfertilizer.What is the substance we put on the soil to make crops grow?How many ki
3、nds of fertilizers do farmers use?Therearetwokinds.Theyarechemicalfertilizersandnaturalones.OrganicFarmingchemicalfertilizercowdung用化学肥料和有机肥料的区别用化学肥料和有机肥料的区别:ReadingCHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Chemical fertilizers can cause many problems,so organic farming is becoming more popular.Organic farming me
4、ans growing crops with natural fertilizer.The organic farmers keep the soil rich and healthy.The main idea of the text:Long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause damage to the land and peoples health.Problems caused by chemical fertilizers.The main idea of each paragraphP1.P2.Farmers and custom
5、ers turn to organic farming.Other methods to keep the soil fertile.P3.P4.Chemical fertilizer NotgoodforthesoilorthewatersupplyThesoilgetsexhausted.KillbothhelpfulandharmfulbacteriaandpestsChemical farming advantages problems cause stop crop disease increase productiondamage thelandby killingaffect c
6、ropsby stayinglead to cancer/illnessesby building uphave lessnutritionby growingtoo fastOrganic farming NaturalwastefromanimalsMakethesoilricherinmineralsandmorefertileAhealthysoilReducediseasesincropsHelpcropsgrowstrongandhealthyOrganic farming methods advantagesuse natural wastemake the soil rich
7、in mineralschange the cropput minerals back into soil,makingplant crops with different rootsuse different levels of land plant grass between cropspreventfrom,a natural fertilizerOther methods:Change crops every two or three yearsCorn,wheatPeas,soybeansPutthemineralsbackintothesoil,makingitrichandhea
8、lthyCropsthatusethesurfaceofthesoil(peanuts)Cropsthatneedadeeperlevelofsoil(rootvegetable)Makesurethatwhatisleftinthegroundafterharvestingbecomesanaturalfertilizerforthenextyearscrop1.WhichstatementisWRONGaccordingtothetext?A.Allcropsareorganic.B.Recently,theterm“organicfarming”hasgainedanothermeani
9、ng.C.Allfarmersusefertilizers.D.Scientistsbelievesomechemicalfertilizersarebetterforpeople.Choose the best answer.D2.Whichisnotthereasonwhyorganicfarmersprefernaturalwastefromanimals?A.Itcankeepthefoodfreefromchemicals.B.Itcankeeptheair,soilandwaterfreefromchemicals.C.Itcankillharmfulpests.D.Itcanma
10、kethesoilricherinmineral.C3.Whatistheadvantageofusingchemicalfertilizers?A.Leavingchemicalsinthegroundforalongtimeisgoodforwatersupply.B.Theycangetthesoilexhausted.C.Theycankillhelpfulbacteria.D.Theycankillharmfulpest.D4.Theorganicfarmersdothefollowingsexcept_.A.addingfertilizerswhichisrichinmineral
11、B.changingcropseverytwoorthreeyearsC.plantingseedsindifferentlayersofthesoilD.plantinggrassbetweencropstopreventthesoilfrombeingblownawayA 1.Whatis“organicfarming”?Answer the questions.Itreferstocropsgrowingwithnaturalratherthanchemicalfertilizers.2.Whatdoorganicfarmersprefertouseasfertilizer?Thefer
12、tilizerthatorganicfarmerspreferisnaturalwastefromanimals.Farmersgrowpeasorsoybeansaftercornorwheatsothatpeasandbeanscanputmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitrichandhealthyandreadytogrowmorewheatorcorn.3.Whydoorganicfarmersgrowpeasorsoybeansaftercornorwheat?4.Whatistheadvantageofusingnaturalfertilizer?M
13、akethesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.Reducediseasesincropsandhelpthemgrowstrongandhealthy.Besides,keeptheair,soilandwateraswellasthefoodsupplyfreefromchemical.Theyareagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.5.Whyarechemicalfertilizerssopopularinfarmingtoday?6.Whatproblemsarecausedbyusin
14、gchemicalfertilizers?Therearethreeproblems.First,chemicalfertilizersaffectthesoilandthewatersupplybadly.Second,theyallowfarmerstogrowthesamecropyearafteryearandexhaustthesoil.Third,theykillbothhelpfulandharmfulpests.7.Whatisthemainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethods?Themainreasonforusingorganicfarmi
15、ngmethodsistogrowgoodfoodandtoavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeopleshealth.MethodsoforganicfarmingAdvantagesofmethodsFarmersusenaturalwastefromanimals.Thismakesthesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.Fill in the chart.Farmersoftenchangethekindofcropineachfieldeveryfewyears.Changingthecropsrenewsthemin
16、eralsinthesoilandhelpsitbecomerichandhealthy.MethodsoforganicfarmingAdvantagesofmethodsFarmersplantcropswithdifferentlengthsofroots.Farmerssometimesplantgrassbetweencropsandleaveitintheground.Thisusesdifferentlevelsofsoil.Thispreventswindorwaterfromcarryingawaysoilandactsasanaturalfertilizer.1.Itisi
17、mportanttoexplainthisagainor2.wewillconfusethestudents.3.confuse动词动词,表示表示“把把(某人某人)弄糊涂弄糊涂;4.使迷惑使迷惑”,“搞乱搞乱;混淆混淆”。如如:Theyaskedmesomanyquestionsthattheyconfusedme.他们问我那么多问题把我都弄糊涂了。他们问我那么多问题把我都弄糊涂了。MyChineseandEnglishbooksareconfusedtogether.我的中英文的书籍混在一起了。我的中英文的书籍混在一起了。Hewasconfusedbyastrangeidea.他被奇怪的念头
18、弄糊涂了。他被奇怪的念头弄糊涂了。PleasedontconfuseAustraliawithAustria.别把澳大利亚和奥地利混淆了。别把澳大利亚和奥地利混淆了。【拓展】【拓展】confusionn.混乱混乱;慌乱慌乱;混淆混淆confusing和和confused辨析辨析:这两个词都是由这两个词都是由confuse转化而来的形容词。转化而来的形容词。confusing意思是意思是“莫名其妙的莫名其妙的;难以理解的难以理解的(difficulttounderstand;puzzling)”,强调事物本身所具有的性质强调事物本身所具有的性质;confused意思是意思是“糊涂的糊涂的;迷乱的
19、迷乱的(unabletothinkclearly)”,强调人对某事物的感受。强调人对某事物的感受。2.Hisfathersaysthathehasneverregrettedsendinghissontostudyabroad.(Page13)regret在句中作动词在句中作动词,意为意为“为为感到遗憾感到遗憾;后悔后悔;惋惜惋惜”。如：如：IdidntregretthechoiceIhadmade.我做了这个选择并不后悔。我做了这个选择并不后悔。Iregrettosaythatwecantstayhereanylonger.我很遗憾我很遗憾,我们不能再在这儿多呆了。我们不能再在这儿多呆了。S
20、heregrettedhavingmissedthefilm.她懊悔没能看上那场电影。她懊悔没能看上那场电影。【拓展】【拓展】1)regret还可用作名词还可用作名词,意为意为“遗憾遗憾;后悔后悔”。Ifeltagreatregretathavingspentmytimeinthisway.我对这样浪费光阴深感懊悔。我对这样浪费光阴深感懊悔。2)regrettodosth表示表示“遗憾地要遗憾地要”，后面的动词常是后面的动词常是say,tell,speak,inform等等;regretdoingsth表示表示“后悔做过后悔做过”;toonesregret令人遗憾的是令人遗憾的是3.These
21、chemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeoplesbodiesovertime.buildup增强增强;建立建立;开发开发Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter.艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。4.Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.leadto:导致导致;造成造成Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。Allroa
22、dsleadtoRome.条条大道通罗马。条条大道通罗马。5.Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.focuson:集中集中(注意力注意力,精力等精力等)于于Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.把注意力集中在你的工作上。把注意力集中在你的工作上。Olympus:Focusonlife.奥林巴斯奥林巴斯:瞄准生活。瞄准生活。6.reducev.减少减少,降低降低e.g.公司尽力通过减少花销来提高利润。公司尽力通过减少花销来提高利润。Thecompanytriestoincreaseprofitsby
23、_.今年我们已经减少了业务开支。今年我们已经减少了业务开支。We_expensesthisyear.reducing costshave reduced7.Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.keepsfreefrom/of:使使免受免受(影响影响,伤害等伤害等);使不含使不含(有害物有害物)Weputourbooksinbookcasetokeepthemfreefromdust.Youmusttakecaretokeepthewoundfreefromthedirt.拓展拓展1)keepfrom:隐瞒隐瞒,不把不把
24、告诉告诉(某人某人)阻止阻止,避免避免”如：如：Hewontbeabletokeepthetruthfromhisfather.Youcantkeephimfromdoingthatthing.2)freefrom:使解除使解除,使摆脱使摆脱如：如：Theyaimtofreethestudentsfromtoomuchhomework.3)befreeofsb/sth:摆脱某人摆脱某人/某物某物Imfreeofthatjobatlast.Expressions 1.化肥化肥2.对对造成损害造成损害3.洗掉某物洗掉某物4.导致导致;造成造成(后果后果);通往通往5.逐渐增强逐渐增强,建立建立6.
25、另外另外(还有还有)7.使使免受免受(影响影响);8.集中集中(注意力、精力注意力、精力)于于9.每隔几年每隔几年10.避免做避免做chemicalfertilizerscause/dodamagetowashoffleadtobulidupinaddition(to)keepfreefrom/offocusoneveryfewyearsavoiddoingExercises cause/dodamageto,washoff,leadto,bulidup,inaddition(to),keepfreefrom/of,focuson,avoiddoing1.Hismistakes_hisfail
26、ure.2.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupply_inpeoplesbodiesovertime.3.Allroads_Rome.4.Please_yourmind_thefollowingproblem.5.Childrenshould_violence.led tobulid upfocusonlead tobekeptfreefrom6.Helikesbasketball._,helikesfootball.Helikesbasketball_football.7.LittleTomstuckto_themud_hisshoesbyhimselfbeforeheca
27、mein.8.Itriedto_(meet)himbecausehealwaysboresme.9.ThestormonMay3_great_peopleinBurmasofar.cause/dodamageto,washoff,leadto,bulidup,inaddition(to),keepfreefrom/of,focuson,avoiddoingIn additioninadditionto washingoffavoidmeetinghas causeddamage toThepossiblebadeffectsofchemicalfertilizersonthefruitandv
28、egetablesthatweeattoday.1Asyoulistentothisdialogue,keepinmindwhatyouhavejustreadaboutchemicalfertilizers.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?Listening 1.PaulthinksthatCarrieisnottellinghimthetruth.2.Usingchemicalfertilizersalwaysmakesvegetablesemptyinside.TrueFalse2Listentothedialogueasecondtime.Dec
29、ideifthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse,accordingtotheconversation.Giveyourreasons.3.Todaysfruitisnotashealthyforpeopleasfruitfiftyyearsago.4.Eatingmorevegetablesmightnotalwaysbegoodforus.5.Alloftodaysvegetableslookhealthybutinfactarenot.FalseTrueTrueWHATSWRONGWITHTHEVEGETABLES?Girl:Hey,Paul,liste
30、ntothisamagazinearticleaboutafarmerwhousedtoomuchchemicalfertilizeronhisfields.Whenhisvegetableswerepicked,theywereallfoundtobeempty!Listening textBOY:Empty?Yourejoking,Carriethatcantbetrue!Girl:Ididntbelieveiteither!Thisarticlesaysthiscanhappensometimeswithvegetableslikecucumbers,carrotsandpumpkins
31、.Thischemicalfertilizermakesthevegetablesgrowfasttolookbigandbeautiful,buttheyreemptyinside!BOY:Youknow,Ivenoticedthatsometimesmymumbuyscarrotsfromthesupermarketthathavebigholesdownthecenter.Iguessthatmustbefromusingchemicalfertilizers!GIRL:Yeah,thatswhatthemagazinesays!Themainpointofthearticle,thou
32、gh,isntaboutholesinourvegetables.Itstalkingaboutwhythefruitandvegetablesweeattodayarentasnutritiousastheonesourgrandparentsate.BOY:What?Mymumisalwaystellingmetoeatmorevegetables,becausetheyregoodforme!GIRL:Yeah,Iknowmymothersaysthatsamething!Anditstrue-theyaregoodforusbuttheproblemisthattheyarenthea
33、lthyenough!Allthesechemicalfertilizerstheykilloffboththebadandthegoodthingsintheground.Thegrounddoesnthaveenoughvitaminsandmineralsanymoretohelpcropsgrowhealthy.BOY:Soifourfruitandvegetablesweregrownwithchemicalfertilizers,theymightlookhealthy,butprobablyarentreallyhealthy?Iguesswevegottostopusingso
34、manychemicalfertilizerstogrowourfood!F=FarmerC=CustomerF:Goodmorning!Wouldyoulikesomeorganiccarrotsthismorning?C:HmmTheyrealittleexpensive!Whatistheadvantageof?Reading,Speaking and writingSampledialogueF:Theadvantageofthesevegetablesisthattheyaregreenfoodsotheyaresafetoeatandgoodforyourfamily.C:Butw
35、hatistheadvantageofhavinggreenfood?Iknowallvegetablesaregoodforyouandthosedowntheroadlookgreentoo.AndIcanbuythemathalfpricethere.F:Well,letmeexplain.Idratherfeedmyfamilyongreenfoodthanothervegetablesbecausetheyaregrownwithoutchemicalfertilizers.C:Butthepriceistooexpensive!IdprefertobuygoodfoodifIcan
36、affordit.F:Thisisgoodvalueformoneybecauseyoullhavehealthierchildren.Theywonthavetogotothedoctorsooftenandyouwonthavetotaketimeoffwork.Inthelongrunyoullbebenefit.C:CertainlyIdliketobuywhatissafeandhealthy.PerhapsIlltrysomeofyourvegetablesandiftheyareasgoodasyousay,Illbebacknextweek.WritingBuy the bes
37、t fruits hereWeonlysellgreenfoodinthisshop!Bestchoiceatbestprice!Safe,healthy,clean,fresh.Farawayfromanypollution.MainheadingThisexplainsthatyousellgreenfood.1.Nochemicalfertilizer,allorganicfertilizers2.Cleanair,cleanwater3.Nopoison,nopesticides4.HomeinheavenReasonstobuyHealthyfoodmeanshealthylife.
38、Farawayfromdiseases,withoutworries,fullofhappiness.(onereason)Whyitisgoodvalue.Some English farming proverbsHewhodoesnotriseearlyneverdoesagooddayswork.起床不早起床不早,一天的工作干不好。一天的工作干不好。Gotobedwiththelambandrisewiththelark.随羔羊就寝随羔羊就寝,与云雀同起。与云雀同起。Abarley-cornisbetterthanadiamondtoacock.对一只公鸡来说对一只公鸡来说,一颗麦粒优于
39、一颗钻石。一颗麦粒优于一颗钻石。ThecuckoocomesinApril,andstaysthemonthofMay;singsasongatMidsummer,andthengoesaway.布谷鸟布谷鸟,四月来四月来,五月一直在五月一直在,仲夏唱歌，仲夏唱歌，然后就离开。然后就离开。Alwaystakeoutthemeal-tub,andneverputtingin,sooncomestothebottom.取粮不储粮取粮不储粮,桶底粮光光。桶底粮光光。Nomill,nomeal.不磨面就没有饭吃。不磨面就没有饭吃。Sownothing,reapnothing.春不播春不播,秋不收。秋不收。Homework1.Writeasummaryoftheadvantagesoforganicfarmingandthedisadvantagesofchemicalfarming.2.Collectsomeinformationaboutthesafetyandimportanceofgreenfood.