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1、特殊句式特殊句式本节目录本节目录语语法法精精讲讲考考点点整整合合语语法法专专练练知知能能闯闯关关语法精讲考点整合语法精讲考点整合考点一主考点一主谓谓一致一致1people，cattle等等集集体体名名词词作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词必必须须用用复复数数形形式式，但但family，class，team，group，public等等集集体体名名词词作作主主语语时时，如如果果把把它它们们作作为为一一个个整整体体看看待待，谓谓语语动动词词应应用用单单数数形形式式；如如果果强强调调的的是是个个体体成成员员，谓谓语语动词应动词应用复数形式。用复数形式。All my family enjoy skii
2、ng.我我们们全家都喜全家都喜欢欢滑雪。滑雪。2如如果果主主语语由由“more than onen.”或或“many an.”构构成成，谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数形形式式；如如果果主主语语由由“more复复数数名名词词than one”构成，构成，谓语动词谓语动词一般用复数形式。一般用复数形式。More than one boy likes to play basketball while many a girl is good at playing baseball.不止一个男孩喜不止一个男孩喜欢欢打打篮篮球然而不止一个女生擅球然而不止一个女生擅长长打棒球。打棒球。3 由由 or，eith
3、er.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等等连连接接的的并并列列主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词常常与与最最近近的的主主语语在在单单复复数上保持一致。数上保持一致。Either you or your secretary has to check over the speech draft and correct the mistakes.要么是你要么是你的秘要么是你要么是你的秘书书必必须检查须检查一下演一下演讲讲稿并把稿并把错误错误改改过过来。来。4如如果果主主语语后后面面带带有有as well as，as much as,no less than，along
4、with，with，like，rather than，together with,but，except，besides，including，in addition to等等引引导导的的短短语语时时,句中句中谓语动词谓语动词的的单单复数取决于主复数取决于主语语的的单单复数。复数。Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters，is going to visit Beijing this summer.Dr.Smith将在今年夏天和妻子女儿将在今年夏天和妻子女儿们们一起游一起游览览北京。北京。In my opinion，he rather than yo
5、u，is to resign.依我看来，他，而不是你依我看来，他，而不是你该该辞辞职职。5单单复复数数同同形形的的名名词词作作主主语语时时，应应根根据据名名词词的的意意义义来来确确定定谓语动词谓语动词的的单单、复数形式。、复数形式。Every necessary means has been used to protect milu deer which are very valuable to us.As a result，the number of the milu deer is increasing.用用来来保保护护对对于于我我们们来来说说很很珍珍贵贵的的麋麋鹿鹿的的各各种种必必要要手
6、手段段都都已已使用。因此，麋鹿的数量正在增加。使用。因此，麋鹿的数量正在增加。6由由each，every，no所所修修饰饰的的作作主主语语的的名名词词即即使使有有and连连接，接，谓语动词谓语动词仍用仍用单单数形式。数形式。Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the English evening party to be held on Saturday.每个女生和男生都希望参加星期六每个女生和男生都希望参加星期六举办举办的英的英语语晚会。晚会。【典典例例】(2012高高考考陕陕西西卷卷)The basketball coach，as well
7、as his team，_interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.AwereBwasCis Dare【解解析析】选选B。本本题题考考查查主主谓谓一一致致和和时时态态。句句意意：那那位位篮篮球球教教练练以以及及他他的的球球队队在在比比赛赛后后不不久久就就因因为为他他们们杰杰出出的的表表现现而而受受到到采采访访。as well as连连接接两两个个名名词词或或代代词词作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词的的数数由由第第一一个个名名词词或或代代词词决决定定，本本题题中中as well as连连接接the
8、 basketball coach与与his team，the basketball coach为为第第三三人人称称单单数数,故故谓谓语语动动词词用用第第三三人人称称单单数数形形式式,排排除除A，D两两项项；另另外外，由由关关键键信信息息shortly after the match可可知知动动作作发发生在生在过过去，句子采用一般去，句子采用一般过过去去时时，排除，排除C项项。【易【易错错剖析】剖析】本本题题容易容易误选误选A。把。把谓语动词谓语动词看成了和靠看成了和靠近的名近的名词词his team一致，注意：一致，注意：A，as well as B作主作主语时语时,谓语动词谓语动词和和A一
9、致。一致。触触类类旁通旁通1(2013甘甘肃肃高高三三联联合合测测试试)Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers _ to ten Hope Schools in South China.Awere sent Bwas sentChave been sent Dhad been sent解解析析：选选B。考考查查主主谓谓一一致致和和时时态态。句句意意：一一些些现现代代化化的的教教学学设设备备连连同同成成百百上上千千台台电电脑脑被被送送到到了了华华南南的的十十所所希希望望学学校校。本本句句的的主主语语是是equ
10、ipment，是是不不可可数数名名词词，所所以以谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数形形式式。过过去去完完成成时时表表示示动动作作发发生生在在过过去去的的过过去，因此去，因此D项项不恰当。不恰当。2(2013银银川川部部分分中中学学高高三三联联考考)The number of people who _ exposed to secondhand smoking in public places _ up to 740 million in China.Ais；are Bare；areCis；is Dare；is解解析析：选选D。考考查查主主谓谓一一致致。分分析析句句子子成成分分后后可可知知“who _
11、exposed to secondhand smoking in public places”是是定定语语从从句句修修饰饰先先行行词词people，谓谓语语动动词词用用复复数数形形式式are；整整个个句句子子的的主主语语是是“The number of people”，意意为为“人人们们的数量的数量”，谓语动词谓语动词用用单单数数is，故，故D项项正确。正确。考点二倒装考点二倒装1部分倒装部分倒装(1)在在so/such.that.句型中，若句型中，若so/such.提到句首提到句首时时。So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天
12、气如此冷以至于我天气如此冷以至于我们们不得不呆在家里。不得不呆在家里。(2)hardly.when.,no sooner.than.，not only.but also.等等引引导导两两个个分分句句时时,前前一一个个分分句句用用部部分分倒倒装装,后后一一个个分分句句不不变变。Hardly had they got to the airport when the plane took off.他他们刚们刚到机到机场飞场飞机就起机就起飞飞了。了。Not only should we learn English，but also we should learn how to apply it to
13、practice.我我们们不不但但应应该该学学习习英英语语而而且且我我们们应应该该学会如何把它学会如何把它应应用于用于实实践。践。(3)否否定定副副词词never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及及 表表 否否 定定 意意 义义 的的 介介 词词 短短 语语 at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首等置于句首时时。Little did I know that this spilled the end of my car
14、eer.我一点也没想到我一点也没想到这这会断送了我的会断送了我的职业职业生涯。生涯。It is said that by no means can the students be allowed to get into this laboratory without Mr.Jacksons permission.据据说说未未经经Jackson先生的先生的许许可可,学生学生绝绝不允不允许进许进入入这这个个实验实验室。室。(4)当当“only状状语语(副副词词、介、介词词短短语语或从句或从句)”置于句首置于句首时时。Only when Tom fully recovered did he go b
15、ack to work.只有当只有当汤汤姆完全恢复他才回去工作。姆完全恢复他才回去工作。(5)用用于于as引引导导的的让让步步状状语语从从句句中中(表表语语/状状语语/动动词词原原形形as主主语语)。Quiet student as he may be，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.尽尽管管他他是是一一名名沉沉默默寡寡言言的的学学生生，但但课课后后谈谈起起他他最最喜喜欢欢的的歌歌手手他却滔滔不他却滔滔不绝绝。2完全倒装完全倒装(1)表表示示方方式式或或方方位位的的副副词词或或介介词词短短语语，如如here，there
16、，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，on the wall等，置于句首等，置于句首时时，完全倒装。，完全倒装。On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived.在山在山顶顶上有一个上有一个这这位老人曾位老人曾经经生活生活过过的寺的寺庙庙。For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.那会儿，什么都没那会儿，什么都没发发生。之后大家一起生。之后大家一起欢欢呼起来。呼起来。(2)表表语语连连
17、系系动动词词主主语语(表表语语可可以以是是:形形容容词词、介介词词短短语语、现现在分在分词词、过过去分去分词词)Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会出席会议议的有的有怀怀特教授、史密斯教授特教授、史密斯教授还还有有许许多其他客人。多其他客人。【典典例例1】(2012高高考考辽辽宁宁卷卷)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad.Ahe had cons
18、idered Bhad he consideredChe considered Ddid he consider【解解析析】选选D。考考查查倒倒装装。表表达达否否定定意意义义的的连连词词短短语语位位于于句句首首时时运运用用部部分分倒倒装装，因因此此可可以以排排除除A、C两两项项。再再分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，本本空空所所在在的的是是主主句句部部分分，结结合合从从句句时时态态可可知知主主句句用用一一般般过过去去时时态态。句句意意：直直到到三三年年前前从从教教学学上上退退休休后后他他才才考考虑虑到到国国外外度度假假。诸诸如如倒倒装装、虚虚拟拟语语气气这这样样的的语语法法题题，我，我们们要熟
19、要熟记规则记规则。【易易错错剖剖析析】本本题题容容易易误误选选B。只只注注意意到到了了倒倒装装而而忽忽视视了了时态时态，主从句的，主从句的动动作几乎同作几乎同时发时发生，不存在生，不存在时态时态差差别别。【典例【典例2】(2010高考江高考江苏苏卷卷)Is everyone here?Not yet.Look，there _ the rest of our guests!Acome BcomesCis coming Dare coming【解解析析】选选A。there引引导导的的倒倒装装句句谓谓语语动动词词要要跟跟后后面面的的主主语语一致，且用一般一致，且用一般现现在在时时表示将来。表示将来。
20、【易易错错剖剖析析】本本题题容容易易误误选选D。注注意意：完完全全倒倒装装的的时时态态一般只用一般一般只用一般现现在在时时和一般和一般过过去去时时。触触类类旁通旁通1(2013济济南南外外国国语语学学校校第第一一学学期期高高三三质质量量检检测测)_ he met with the difficulty did he realize the importance of our help.AEven though BNever untilCOnly before DEver since解解析析：选选B。根根据据后后面面的的did he realize the importance of our h
21、elp可可知知本本题题是是部部分分倒倒装装，只只有有B选选项项符符合合部部分分倒倒装装的的条件。条件。2(2012温温州州十十校校联联合合体体高高三三上上学学期期期期中中考考试试)He suggests the number of cars should be limited to stop air pollution._，the idea is not very practical.ASounds good as it BAs it sounds goodCAs good it sounds DGood as it sounds解解析析：选选D。as引引导导让让步步状状语语从从句句，需需用用
22、倒倒装装，表表语语提提至至as的前面。的前面。3(2013浙浙江江金金华华一一中中高高三三年年级级月月考考)I got in his old truck and off _ to one of the far corners of the farm to fix the fences.Adid we go Bwent weCdid go we Dwe went解解析析：选选D。虽虽然然off位位于于句句首首常常用用完完全全倒倒装装，但但前前提提条条件件主主语须语须是名是名词词，此，此处处主主语语是代是代词词，所以不用倒装。，所以不用倒装。考点三考点三强强调调句型句型1强强调调句句的的基基本本句
23、句型型是是“It is/was被被强强调调的的部部分分that/who其其他他部部分分”。被被强强调调的的部部分分可可以以是是主主语语、宾宾语语和状和状语语等。等。It was in the shop that we met him yesterday.昨天我昨天我们们在商店里遇到了他。在商店里遇到了他。2强强调调句句型型的的一一般般疑疑问问句句只只需需将将is/was提提前前，特特殊殊疑疑问问句句的的结结构是构是“疑疑问词问词is/wasitthat从句从句”。Was it Mr.White that to blame for breaking the cup?是是怀怀特先生因打碎杯子而特先
24、生因打碎杯子而应应受受责责任任吗吗？3“It was not until.that.”这这个句型个句型强强调时间调时间状状语语。It was not until I went there that I began to know something about the matter.直到我去那儿我才开始知道有关那件事。直到我去那儿我才开始知道有关那件事。【典典例例1】(2012高高考考重重庆庆卷卷)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic_Zheng He sailed to East Africa.Awh
25、en BthatCafter Dsince【解解析析】选选B。本本题题考考查查强强调调句句型型。句句意意：郑郑和和航航海海到到东东非非比比哥哥伦伦布布横横渡渡大大西西洋洋早早80年年。分分析析题题干干可可知知本本句句是是一一个个强强调调句句，被被强强调调部部分分是是“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”，根根据据强强调调句句结结构构“It is/was被被强强调调部分部分that剩余部分剩余部分”可知可知选选B。【易易错错剖剖析析】本本题题容容易易误误选选D。忽忽略略了了时时态态，since引引导导时间时间状状语语
26、从句的从句的话话，主句要用，主句要用现现在完成在完成时时。触触类类旁通旁通1(2012杭杭州州萧萧山山区区5校校高高三三期期中中)It was not until Mum agreed to buy him a computer，_ was his favorite，_ the boy promised to study hard.Athat；that Bwhich；thatCthat；which Dwhich；which解解析析：选选B。第第一一个个空空是是which引引导导的的非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰computer；第第二二个个空空是是not.until.句句型型的的强
27、强调调形形式式It was not until.that.。2(2013安安徽徽合合肥肥一一中中高高三三第第一一次次阶阶段段考考试试)The police were seeking more information to find out _ the rich merchant.Awho was it that killed Bwho it was that killedCit was who killed Dwho was it killed解解析析：选选B。强强调调句句型型的的特特殊殊疑疑问问句句：疑疑问问词词was it that；又用于又用于宾语宾语从句中改从句中改为陈为陈述述语语序，
28、所以序，所以选选B。3(2012云云南南第第一一次次高高中中毕毕业业生生复复习习统统一一检检测测)Not a single word in the guildebook _ because it was in Italian.AI can understand BI understoodCcould I understand Dcan I understand解解析析：选选C。考考查查倒倒装装结结构构。否否定定词词或或否否定定结结构构置置于于句句首首时时，句句子子常常用用部部分分倒倒装装；再再根根据据句句中中“was”的的提提示示可可知知，此此处应处应用用过过去去时态时态，所以，所以C项项正确
29、。正确。考点四省略考点四省略1.在在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though，as等等引引导导的的状状语语从从句句中中,若若谓谓语语有有be动动词词,而而主主语语又与主句主又与主句主语语相同或主相同或主语语是是it时时,从句的主从句的主语语和和be常被省略常被省略.Though surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.教授看到我教授看到我们们，虽虽然很惊然很惊讶讶，但，但还还是是热热情地情地欢欢迎了我迎了我们们。When people cut d
30、own big trees，new trees should be planted.If not they will have no trees to cut down in the future.当人当人们们砍倒大砍倒大树时树时，应该应该种植新种植新树树，不然的，不然的话话，他，他们们以后就以后就没有没有树树木可砍了。木可砍了。2不定式省略，不定式省略，单单独使用不定式符号独使用不定式符号to。(1)用用来来代代替替动动词词不不定定式式后后被被省省略略的的动动词词，常常在在be afraid，be glad，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，r
31、efuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后等的后边边。Whats the matter with Della?Well，her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party，but she still hopes to.Della出什么事了？出什么事了？父母不允父母不允许许Della参加晚会，可她仍然希望参加。参加晚会，可她仍然希望参加。Will you join in the game？你愿意加入做游你愿意加入做游戏吗戏吗？Id be glad to.我很高我很高兴兴。(2)如如果果不不定定式式中中含含有有be，have，have be
32、en，通通常常保保留留be，have和和have been。Are you a sailor？你是海你是海员吗员吗？No，but I used to be.不，但我不，但我过过去是。去是。【典典例例】(2012高高考考陕陕西西卷卷)All the photographs in this book,_ stated otherwise,date from the 1950s.Aunless BuntilConce Dif【解解析析】选选A。本本题题考考查查连连词词的的应应用用。句句意意：除除非非做做出出特特别别说说明明，这这本本书书中中所所有有的的照照片片可可以以追追溯溯到到20世世纪纪50年年
33、代代。由由信息信息词词otherwise可知，可知，A项项符合符合题题意。意。【易易错错剖剖析析】本本题题容容易易误误选选D。原原因因在在于于只只理理解解出出了了是是条条件件状状语语从从句句,忽忽略略了了句句子子的的意意义义是是：如如果果没没有有另另外外的的说说明明，unlessif.not。触触类类旁通旁通1(2012浙浙江江诸诸暨暨中中学学高高三三期期中中考考试试)Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _ alone.Ato see BseeingCis seen Dseen解解析析：选选D。
34、这这是是状状语语从从句句的的省省略略，补补全全了了是是：when it is seen alone。2(2013唐唐山山高高三三第第一一次次模模拟拟)The new technology，if _ to farming，will help increase the grain output.Aapplying Bto applyCapplied Dhaving applied解解析析：选选C。考考查查省省略略。if引引导导的的条条件件状状语语从从句句中中省省略略了了与与主主句句相相同同的的主主语语及及系系动动词词，补补全全后后为为：if the new technology is applied to farming，因此，因此选选C。语法专练知能闯关语法专练知能闯关本部分内容讲解结束本部分内容讲解结束按按ESC键键退出全屏播放退出全屏播放