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1、 2001 John Crane EAAAPI Piping PlansAPI 冲洗方案冲洗方案November 2004JC Tianjin TrainingModule 4.3Seal Environment密封环境密封环境1API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Integral(internal)recirculationfrom pump discharge to seal AdvantageAdvantage -No external piping LimitationsLimitations -Changing flow rate required disman
2、tling of pump -For clean pumpages onlyAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 02:-The injection tapping is used for venting prior to startup.-API plan 02 is often used together with plan 62,especially on high temperature bellows seals.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案No flushing to the
3、mechanical seal(dead-ended)Points to Note for API Plan 11:-Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the discharge pressure is 3 bar higher than seal chamber pressure.-Use on clean and low abrasives dutiesAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Seal Flushing By-Pass from Discharge单密封通过出口进行冲洗单密封通过出口进行冲洗Recirc
4、ulation from seal chamber through a flow control orifice and back to pump suctionPoints to Note for API Plan 13:-Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the seal chamber pressure is 3 bar higher than suction pressure.-handle abrasives duty better than API plan 11-higher seal chamber pressure to
5、suppress vaporisationAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案+=Points to Note for API Plan 14:-Flow back to suction side will evacuate vapours that may collect in seal chamber.-Recommended for light hydrocarbon service.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a flow control orific
6、e and cooler to sealOpen Loop Cooling CircuitOpen Loop Cooling CircuitCooling Water OutletCooling Water InletAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Recirculation from a pumping ring in the seal chamber through cooler and back to sealClosed Loop Cooling CircuitClosed Loop Cooling CircuitThroat bushingSuctionDi
7、scharge18-24Vent at highest point of the pipingCooling Water OutletCooling Water Inletmechanical seal with pumping ringHeat exchangerAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Points to note for API Plan 23:nThermosyphon design *heat exchanger*18 to 24 above pump centre line.*Prevent overheating in standby and st
8、artup.nInstall close fitting neck bushing at the bottom of seal chamber to isolate the heat from the impeller end.nUsed on high temperature applications to minimise heat load on the cooler by cooling only small amount of liquid that is recirculated.nFor high temperature boiler feed pump applications
9、 nOther applications *high temperature liquid close to bubble point.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid to the sealand fluid with solids back to pump suction lineClean overflowUnderflowInletAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Poi
10、nts to Note for API Plan 32:-Chose a proper source of seal flush to eliminate the potential for vaporisation of the injected fluid and to avoid contamination of the fluid being pumped with the injected flush.-Install a labyrinth bushing at the bottom of the stuffing box to control the flushing and p
11、ressure if necessary.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Single Seal Flushing from External Source单密封通过外部来源进行冲洗单密封通过外部来源进行冲洗Throat BushingRecirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid through a cooler and then to seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction lineCoo
12、ling Water OutletCooling Water InletAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Needle valveExternal reservoir providing a dead-ended blanket of fluid to the quench connection of the gland.Points to Note for API Plan 51:-Dead ended blanket on atmospheric side of seal to prevent freezing of moisture.Seal face will
13、not stick together when the pump started.Typical application:Typical application:Pump operating below 0 C-API 610 8th Edition has eliminated this piping plan.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案s A fluid used as a lubricant or buffer between dual mechanical seals.s The buffer f
14、luid is always at a pressure lower than the pump process pressure being sealed.s A fluid which is introduced between dual mechanical seals to completely isolate the pump process liquid from the environment.s Pressure of the barrier fluid is always higher than the pump process pressure being sealed.T
15、he purpose of fluid circulationis to remove heat from mechanical sealAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Pumping ringPumpn On applications below ambient temperature,circulation of barrier fluid may not be desirable.n The atmosphere will heat the reservoir and consequently add heat to the seal area.T2T1n Fl
16、uid circulation by temperature difference between the seal and reservoir.n Higher temperature liquid at seal has lower density rises to the reservoir.n Lower temperature liquid at reservoir has higher density falls to the seal to provide cooling.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Points to Note for API Pl
17、an 52:nTypically used with an Arrangement 2 unpressurised dual seal.nDuring normal operation,circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.n The reservoir is usually continuously vented to a vapour recovery system and is maintained at a pressure less than the pressure in the seal chamber.Pre
18、ssure GaugeLevel GaugeFill valveOrificeDrainLevel Switch(H)Level Switch(L)Pressure Switch(Normally Open)Vent valve External reservoir providing buffer fluid for the outer seal of an unpressurised dual seal arrangement.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Pressure GaugeLevel GaugeLevel Switch(L)Vent Valve(No
19、rmally Close)OrificePressure SwitchExternal Pressure SourceOne-way Block Valve(Normally Open)Points to Note for API Plan 53:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.nDuring normal operation,circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.n The reservoir pressure is greater t
20、han the process pressure being sealed.External reservoir providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement.DrainAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 54:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.nDuring normal operatio
21、n,circulation is maintained by an external pump or pressure system.n The circulating barrier fluid pressure is greater than the process pressure being sealed.External barrier fluid system providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement API Piping Plans
22、API 冲洗方案冲洗方案n nSafe to use,handle,storeSafe to use,handle,storen nStable liquid at ambient temperatures Stable liquid at ambient temperatures n nNot a VOC,VHAP or other regulated compoundNot a VOC,VHAP or other regulated compoundn nNon flammableNon flammablen nNon foaming when pressurisedNon foaming
23、 when pressurisedn nClean and good lubricityClean and good lubricityn nCompatible with process fluid Compatible with process fluid n nCompatible with seal materialsCompatible with seal materialsn nGood heat transfer properties Good heat transfer properties n nGood flow qualities at very low temperat
24、uresGood flow qualities at very low temperaturesn nLow solubility of gasLow solubility of gasn nLocal availabilityLocal availabilityn nLow costLow cost VOC:Volatile Organic CompoundVHAP:Volatile Hazardous Air PolutantsAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Tapped connections for the purchasers usePoint to Not
25、e for API Plan 61:nTypically this plan is used when the purchaser is to provide fluid(such as steam,gas,or water)to an auxiliary sealing device.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 62:nThe quench may be required to prevent solids from accumulating on the atmospheric side of the s
26、eal.nTypically used with a close-clearance throttle bushing.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Single Seal Quench from External Source单密封通过外部急冷单密封通过外部急冷API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案n nPlan 14(Plan 11+13)Plan 14(Plan 11+13)n nPlan 53s-Arrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsP
27、lan 53s-Arrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)Seals53a traditional configuration53a traditional configuration53b bladder accumulator53b bladder accumulator53c piston pot/accumulator53c piston pot/accumulatorn nContainment SealContainment SealPlan 72 Arrangement 2 w/Containment Seal(CS)Plan 72 Arrangement
28、2 w/Containment Seal(CS)Plan 75 Arrangement 2 w/Containment Seal(CS)Plan 75 Arrangement 2 w/Containment Seal(CS)Plan 76 Arrangement 2 w/Containment Seal(CS)Plan 76 Arrangement 2 w/Containment Seal(CS)n nGas Barrier SealsGas Barrier SealsPlan 74 Arrangement 3,Non-Contacting(NC)SealsPlan 74 Arrangemen
29、t 3,Non-Contacting(NC)Seals Plan 53a(A.4.12)Arrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsArrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsDual Pressurised(Double)SealsDual Pressurised(Double)SealsUtilises direct nitrogen blanket for pressureUtilises direct nitrogen blanket for pressuredue to nitrogen entrainment in the
30、 barrier liquiddue to nitrogen entrainment in the barrier liquidAPI 682 limits the maximum nitrogen pressure to 10 barg,JC API 682 limits the maximum nitrogen pressure to 10 barg,JC recommendation is maximum nitrogen pressure 21 barg,as long as recommendation is maximum nitrogen pressure 21 barg,as
31、long as the barrier fluid temperature is less than 120Cthe barrier fluid temperature is less than 120CAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版 New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 53b(A.4.12)Arrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsArrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsDual Pressurised(Double)SealsDual Pressuris
32、ed(Double)SealsUtilizes bladder accumulator for pressureUtilizes bladder accumulator for pressureBladder eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier Bladder eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquidliquidAllows for higher pressure applicationsAllows for higher pressure applicationsConfiguration C
33、onfiguration Includes:Includes:uuAccumulatorAccumulatoruuPressure Pressure IndicatorIndicatoruuPressure SwitchPressure SwitchuuHeat ExchangerHeat ExchangerBIBOTIBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 53c(A.4.12)Arrangement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsArr
34、angement 3,Contacting Wet(CW)SealsDual Pressurised(Double)SealsDual Pressurised(Double)SealsUtilizes piston pot for pressureUtilizes piston pot for pressureBIBOBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 53c(A.4.12)Allows for higher pressure Allows for hig
35、her pressure applications applications Configuration includesConfiguration includes:uuPiston potPiston potuuPressure indicatorPressure indicatoruuPressure switchPressure switchuuHeat exchangerHeat exchangeruuLevel switchLevel switchPiston pot eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquidPiston pot
36、 eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquidPiston provides constant pressure ratio to seals(1.1:1)Piston provides constant pressure ratio to seals(1.1:1)SpringAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案Barrier Fluid Temperature(7.3.4.1.1)隔离流体温度隔离流体温度n nLiquid barrier systems
37、 shall be designed such that Liquid barrier systems shall be designed such that that maximum temperature differential between the that maximum temperature differential between the barrier fluid inlet and outlet immediately adjacent barrier fluid inlet and outlet immediately adjacent to the seal cham
38、ber is:to the seal chamber is:8 degree C for glycol/water or diesel barrier 8 degree C for glycol/water or diesel barrier fluids;and fluids;and 16 degree C for mineral oil barrier fluid16 degree C for mineral oil barrier fluidPlan 11 with Plan 53n nArrangement 3 Arrangement 3 maymay use Plan 11&53 u
39、se Plan 11&53Improved heat transferImproved heat transferReverse pressure capabilityReverse pressure capabilityn n“Back to Back”seals uses Plan 53“Back to Back”seals uses Plan 53API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 72(A.4.16)Arrangement 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Arrange
40、ment 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Dual Un-Pressurised(Tandem)SealsDual Un-Pressurised(Tandem)SealsuuDry-running secondary containment sealDry-running secondary containment sealLow pressure nitrogen sweep(purge)Low pressure nitrogen sweep(purge)uuSweeps primary leakage to collection systemSweeps primary l
41、eakage to collection systemuuDilutes primary leakage to lower emission levelsDilutes primary leakage to lower emission levelsUsed in conjunction with Plan 75 or 76Used in conjunction with Plan 75 or 76nnCSV:containment seal ventCSV:containment seal ventnnCSD:containment seal DrainCSD:containment sea
42、l DrainnnGBI:gas buffer inletGBI:gas buffer inletnnFIL:coalescing filterFIL:coalescing filterAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 74(A.4.17)Arrangement 3,Non-contacting Seals(NC)Arrangement 3,Non-contacting Seals(NC)Dual Pressurised(Double)Gas Barrier SealsDual Pressu
43、rised(Double)Gas Barrier SealsNitrogen gas barrier Nitrogen gas barrier uu1.75-2 bar(25-30 psi)above seal chamber pressure1.75-2 bar(25-30 psi)above seal chamber pressureuuZero emissionsZero emissionsEssentially a T2800 panelEssentially a T2800 panelnn GBI:gas buffer inlet GBI:gas buffer inletnn GBO
44、:gas buffer outlet GBO:gas buffer outlet(NC)(NC)(used only to depressurize)(used only to depressurize)API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 75(A.4.18)Arrangement 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Arrangement 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Dual Un-Pressurised(Tandem)SealsDual Un-Pressur
45、ised(Tandem)SealsuuDry-running secondaryDry-running secondaryCondensate collection reservoir(8.6.5.2)Condensate collection reservoir(8.6.5.2)uuUsed when primary seal leakage may condense(does not Used when primary seal leakage may condense(does not completely vaporize)completely vaporize)May be used
46、 in conjunction with Plan 72May be used in conjunction with Plan 72API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案 Plan 76(A.4.19)Arrangement 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Arrangement 2,w/Containment Seal(CS)Dual Un-Pressurised Seals Dual Un-Pressurised Seals(Dry-running secondary)Dry-runn
47、ing secondary)Primary leakage routed to flare or ventPrimary leakage routed to flare or ventuuUsed when primary seal leakage will not condense Used when primary seal leakage will not condense(completely vaporizes)(completely vaporizes)uuEssentially a 48SC or 28LD panel leakage detection Essentially a 48SC or 28LD panel leakage detection May be used in conjunction with Plan 72May be used in conjunction with Plan 72API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案