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1、专题八专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词情态动词一、情态动词一、情态动词定义:情态动词是一种本身具有一定词义,但要与动词原形及其定义:情态动词是一种本身具有一定词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用的词。它给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话被动语态一起使用的词。它给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。二、情态动词的特点二、情态动词的特点情态动词无人称和数的变化情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否否定式构成是在情态动词后
2、面加定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”“not”。个别情态动词有现在式个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气委婉的语气,时时态性不强态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词属于非及物动词,可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词属于非及物动词,故没有被动语态。故没有被动语态。三、情态动词的语法特征三、情态动词的语法特征(1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。估计某事的发生。(2)情态动词除情态动词除ought 和和have 外,后面只能接
3、不带外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。的不定式。(3)情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即其第三人称单数不加情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即其第三人称单数不加s。(4)情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式,分词形式,也没有情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式,分词形式,也没有相应的动名词。相应的动名词。四、情态动词的基本用法四、情态动词的基本用法情态情态动词动词用法用法例句例句can和和could 表示能力表示能力He can speak English better than you.表示请求表示请求或允诺或允诺?You can have the book when I have finished
4、it.Could you come again tomorrow?表示客观可能性表示客观可能性Accidents can happen on such raing days.表示猜测(惊讶、怀疑、表示猜测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)不相信的态度)Can this green bike be Liu Dongs?may和和might 表示请求和允许表示请求和允许He may come if he likes.表示猜测、可能性(不用于表示猜测、可能性(不用于疑问句)疑问句)It may rain this evening.Youd better take an umbrella.must 表示必须
5、表示必须She must come and look after the child.否定式否定式 must not(mustnt)表表示示“禁止禁止”;neednt/dont have to 表示表示“不必不必”Must we finish the work tomorrow?No,you neednt(dont have to),but you must finish it in three days.You mustnt touch the fire.表示推测表示推测They must have heard the news.have to表示必表示必须须,是一种客,是一种客观观需要需要
6、I had to give it up because of illness.ought to表示根据某种表示根据某种义务义务或或必要必要“应应当当”做某事做某事 Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.表示推表示推测测(客客观观推推测测)He ought to be home by now.dare常用于否定句,疑常用于否定句,疑问问句和条件从句中句和条件从句中Dared he break the traffic regulations again?在疑在疑问问句或否定句中,句或否定句中,可接可接带带to或不或不带带to的的不定式不定式S
7、he doesnt dare to stay at home alone at night.need常用于否定句和疑常用于否定句和疑问问句中句中He neednt worry about us now.shall用于第二、三人称,表示用于第二、三人称,表示说话说话人人给对给对方命令、警告、方命令、警告、强强制、威制、威胁胁或允或允诺诺He shall go first,whether he wants to or not.用于第一人称,表示用于第一人称,表示说话说话人征人征询询对对方意方意见见或或请请求指示求指示Shall I open the door?should表示表示“建建议议”或或“
8、劝劝告告”,有,有“应该应该”之意之意You should learn from each other.表示表示说话说话人人对对已已经经出出现现的事的事态态感感到到“惊奇、惊喜、惊奇、惊喜、怀怀疑疑”Im amazed that Mr.Harris should have said nothing about the matter.will表示意志决心表示意志决心I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen.在疑在疑问问句中句中,用于第二人称,表示用于第二人称,表示说说话话人向人向对对方提出方提出请
9、请求或求或询问对询问对方的方的意愿意愿Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium?表示一种表示一种习惯习惯性的性的动动作,含有作,含有“总总是是”或或“会要会要”之意之意Every morning he will have a walk along this river.would表示意志和决心表示意志和决心He promised he would never smoke again.在疑在疑问问句中句中,用于第二人称,表示用于第二人称,表示说话说话人向人向对对方提出方提出请请求或求或询问对询问对方的意愿,比方的意愿,
10、比will的的语语气更加委婉气更加委婉Would you like some more coffee?表示表示过过去的去的习惯动习惯动作,没有作,没有“现现已已无此无此习惯习惯”的含的含义义During the vacation he would visit me every week.表示估表示估计计和猜想和猜想It would be about ten when he left home.【考点一】考查表示能力的情态动词【考点一】考查表示能力的情态动词情态动词情态动词can和和could可以表示能力;可以表示能力;be able to do强调设法成功完强调设法成功完成某一具体动作成某一具
11、体动作(相当于相当于manage to do/succeed in doing)。If it were not for the fact that she cant sing,I would invite her to the party.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could 解析解析:选选C。考查情态动词。考查情态动词。have to不得不;不得不;would表示意愿或过表示
12、意愿或过去常常;去常常;could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力;倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力;be able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。根据句意,选表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。根据句意,选C。【考点二】考查表示请求或允诺的情态动词【考点二】考查表示请求或允诺的情态动词(1)向对方提出建议时用:向对方提出建议时用:Shall/May/Might/Can/Could I/we.?Shall he/she/they.?Would/Will you.?(2)could/might/would/should表示委婉的语气表示委婉的语气,其肯定回答时不其
13、肯定回答时不用用could/might表示,用表示,用may/can;否定回答时用否定回答时用cant/mustnt。Could/May I use your bicycle tomorrow morning?Yes,you can/may.Shall he come to see you?Of course,please.And Id rather he told me the truth.【考点三】考查情态动词表示推测的用法【考点三】考查情态动词表示推测的用法表猜测的时态表猜测的时态结构结构例句例句将来情况将来情况的推测的推测情态动词情态动词+动词动词原形原形She must/may/mi
14、ght/could arrive before 5.I cant be at home this Friday.Can he come to my party next Friday?现在或一现在或一般情况的般情况的推测推测情态动词情态动词+动词动词原形原形/情态动词情态动词+be doing/情态动词情态动词+be Hemust/may/might/could be listening to the radio now.He cant(couldnt)/may(might)not be at home at this time.Mr.Bush is on time for everythin
15、g.How can(could)he be late for the opening ceremony?过去情况过去情况的推测的推测情态动词情态动词+have+过去分词过去分词 It must/may/might/could have rained last night.The ground is wet.The door was locked.He can(could)not/may(might)not have been at home.Can/Could he have gotten the book?注意:注意:1.在肯定句中一般用在肯定句中一般用might,may和和must;否定句
16、中用;否定句中用might not,may not,couldnt和和cant;疑问句中用疑问句中用could和和can。can还可用于还可用于肯定句中表示客观的或理论的可能性。肯定句中表示客观的或理论的可能性。2.might,could并非并非may,can的过去式,它们表示语气较为委婉或可的过去式,它们表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。能性较小。Accidents can happen on such rainy days.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空Sorry,Im late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to
17、 sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will 解析解析:选选A。might have done(过去过去)可能做过某事;可能做过某事;should have done本应该做某事。根据句中提供的情境表明本应该做某事。根据句中提供的情境表明,说话人可能把闹钟说话人可能把闹钟关上了。关上了。【考点四】考查情态动词表示责备、批评、抱怨【考点四】考查情态动词表示责备、批评、抱怨 形式形式含义含义例句例句may/might/can/could have done过去本来可以过去本来可以,而实际上,而实际上没有没有He might have given you mo
18、re help,even though he was very busy.Did you listen to the speech?No,we could have attended it.But we were ill.should have done过去本来应该过去本来应该,而实际上,而实际上没有没有The plant is dead.Maybe I should have given it more water.ought tohave done过去本该过去本该,而未而未You ought to have given him more help.neednt have done本不必本不
19、必,却却Mr Smith didnt come last night,did he?No.We neednt have waited for him.had better(not)have done用于事后的建用于事后的建议,含轻微责议,含轻微责备的口吻,表备的口吻,表示示“本应该做本应该做而没有做而没有做”You had better have started earlier.You had better not have scolded her.would rather(not)have done表示表示“当时宁当时宁愿做了某事愿做了某事”,肯定形式与,肯定形式与否定形式均表否定形式均表示
20、示“后悔后悔”之之意意I would rather have taken his advice.I would rather not have told him the truth.注意:注意:didnt need to do sth.表示没有必要做某事其实也没有做。表示没有必要做某事其实也没有做。【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.n
21、eednt have taken D.Mustnt have taken解析解析:选选C。should have done本应该做而实际上没做;本应该做而实际上没做;could have done表示对过去的假设,意为表示对过去的假设,意为“本来能够做某事而没有做本来能够做某事而没有做”;neednt have done本不需要做却做了;本不需要做却做了;must have done通常用通常用于肯定句,故于肯定句,故D项排除。根据句子语境可知,选项排除。根据句子语境可知,选C。【考点五】考查【考点五】考查would rather的用法的用法(1)would rather do sth.意为意
22、为“宁可宁可(愿愿)”(2)would rather do sth.than do sth.宁可(愿)宁可(愿)(而)不要(而)不要(愿)(愿);与其;与其不如不如可改写成可改写成“would do sth.rather than do sth.”。(3)would rather+从句(虚拟语气)表示从句(虚拟语气)表示“宁愿,但愿宁愿,但愿”。用。用一一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事;用过去完成时表示已经做过般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事;用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事。的事或过去要做的事。I would rather you had stayed with us yesterd
23、ay,but you left.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空_,he is well.But I would rather to see him yesterday.A.Personally;goB.Personally;have gone C.As far as I am concerned;/D.As far as I am concerned;went解析解析:选选B。“would rather动词过去完成式动词过去完成式”表示过去的情况,表示过去的情况,再根据再根据would rather后跟虚拟语气的用法和句子语境可知,选后跟虚拟语气的用法和句子语境可知,选B。【考点六】
24、考查【考点六】考查used to的用法的用法used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在。在疑问句、表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在。在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句中,其变化形式如下:否定句、否定疑问句中,其变化形式如下:句式句式形式形式例句例句疑问句疑问句 Did sb.use toDid you use to go to the same school as your brother?Used sb.to doUsed you to go to the same school as your brother?否定句否定句 usednt to doI usednt to go t
25、here.didnt use to doI didnt use to go there.否定否定疑问句疑问句 Usednt sb.toUsednt you to be interested in the theatre?Didnt sb.use toDidnt you use to be interested in the theatre?【考点七】考查情态动词的其他用法【考点七】考查情态动词的其他用法must表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦,意为表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦,意为“偏要,非得偏要,非得”。cant but do sth./cant help/choose but do sth.意
26、为意为“不得不做某事,不得不做某事,只好做某事只好做某事”。may well+动词原形,表示动词原形,表示“完全能,很可能完全能,很可能”,相当于,相当于be likely to do sth.。may as well+动词原形,表示动词原形,表示“最好;满可以;倒不如最好;满可以;倒不如”。cant(never等否定词等否定词)与与enough连用,表示连用,表示“再再也不为过也不为过”,相当于相当于“cant.too.”。may可以用于祈使句,表示祝愿。可以用于祈使句,表示祝愿。Just as I was sitting down to supper,the telephone must
27、ring.Since he cant win the race,he may as well quit.虚拟语气虚拟语气定义:虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客定义:虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。【考点一】考查虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的基本用法【考点一】考查虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的基本用法时间时间从句从句主句主句例句例句与现与现在事在事实相实相反的反的假设假设 一
28、般一般过过去时去时(be用用were)would/should/could/might/ought to+动动词原形词原形 If they were here,they would help you.If we had enough money,we would buy a computer.If I were you,I wouldnt do it.If it rained tomorrow,wed stay at home.It would be odd if she were awarded the first prize.与过与过去事去事实相实相反的反的假设假设 过去过去完完成时成时
29、should/would/could/might+have+过过去去分词分词 If he had come yesterday,I should have told him about it.If I had been in her position,Id have quit.If the weather hadnt been so bad,we might have gone out.I should never have done it if I hadnt been so hard up.对将来对将来不大可不大可能发生能发生的事情的事情的假想的假想 一般一般过去过去时时should/wo
30、uld/could/might/ought to+动词原动词原形形 If you succeeded,everything would be all right.If they invited me,I would certainly attend it.If he went,would you go too?与将与将来事来事实相实相反的反的假设假设 were+不定不定式式should+动动词原形词原形一般过去一般过去时时 should/would/could/might/ought to+动词动词原形原形If she were to lose her place they would be
31、ruined.If you were to speak to him,it would carry more weight.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it _ all day.A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining 解析解析:选选A。句意为:如果天气好的话,我们是能够去野餐的,但是。句意为:如果天气好的话,我们是能够去野餐的,但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情,所下了一天的雨。句子前半部分
32、陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情,所以用了虚拟语气;以用了虚拟语气;“下了一天的雨下了一天的雨”是事实,所以用陈述语气。是事实,所以用陈述语气。【考点二】考查含蓄虚拟条件句【考点二】考查含蓄虚拟条件句这样的虚拟句不含有这样的虚拟句不含有if从句,而是以从句,而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等等引导的句子代替引导的句子代替if从句,主句谓语动词的形式与虚拟语气的基本用从句,主句谓语动词的形式与虚拟语气的基本用法相同。法相同。But for your help/Without your help,we couldnt have finished the task ahea
33、d of time.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we_ it without you.A.can manage B.could have managedC.could managed D.can have managed解析解析:选选B。由语境可知,这里要表达的意思是。由语境可知,这里要表达的意思是“如果没有你们辛勤如果没有你们辛勤的工作,我们不可能处理好这件事。的工作,我们不可能处理好这件事。”这是对过去发生的事实的虚这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟,所以要用拟,所以要用co
34、uld have done。【考点三】考查主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句【考点三】考查主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句中,主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚虚拟条件句中,主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。生的事实不符。从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发从句的动作
35、与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。生的情况相反。If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.If he knew her,he would have greeted her.If it had not been raining too much,the crops would be growing much better.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love
36、,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallenC.should fall D.were to fall解析解析:选选B。句意为:如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的。句意为:如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话,很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现图书馆的话,很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情,从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。在事实相反的事情,从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。【考
37、点四】考查省略非真实条件句中的【考点四】考查省略非真实条件句中的if当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时时,if 可以省略,这可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即将时条件从句要用倒装语序,即将were,should,had等词置于句首。等词置于句首。Were he to leave today,he would get there by Friday.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空_ fired,your health care and other benefits will not be cut off.A.Would you be
38、 B.Should you be C.Could you be D.May you be解析解析:选选B。分析句意可知,空格处表示条件关系。当条件从句谓。分析句意可知,空格处表示条件关系。当条件从句谓语动词中含有语动词中含有were,should,had时,将其移至句首,省略时,将其移至句首,省略if,句子,句子结构为省略倒装结构。故选结构为省略倒装结构。故选B。此处相当于。此处相当于:If you should be。【考点五】考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气【考点五】考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等动词或名词(在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等动词或名词(sugge
39、st,demand,order,require,insist,propose,advise,suggestion,advice,proposal等)的名词性从句和在等)的名词性从句和在it作形式宾语或形式主语的复合句作形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中,宾语补足语是中,宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示等表示“惊奇、惋惜或理应如此惊奇、惋惜或理应如此”等含义时,从句中的谓语等含义时,从句中的谓语动词需用动词需用“should+动词原形动词原形”,其中,其中should可以省略。可以省略。He suggested th
40、at we(should)start off early the next day.It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off until next week.It is strange that he(should)have acted towards his parents like that.【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree,but the problem is _he has ref
41、used to.A.will not be sent;thatB.not be sent;thatC.should not be sent;whatD.should not send;what 解析解析:选选B。上半句句意为:难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不。上半句句意为:难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句意表示理应如此的含意。是纽约吗?句意表示理应如此的含意。【考点六】考查其他虚拟语气【考点六】考查其他虚拟语气(1)wish后面接宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词后面接宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式;表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用用过去式;
42、表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用“had+动词过动词过去分词去分词”;表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词用;表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词用“should/would+动词原形动词原形”。注意:注意:if only与与as if/though用法相同。用法相同。I wish I knew the answer.(与现在事实相反与现在事实相反)I wish I had known the answer.(与过去事实相反与过去事实相反)I wish you would shut up.(与将来事实相反与将来事实相反)(2)If only引导的感叹句中,用虚拟语气,表示愿望;用过去时或引导的感叹
43、句中,用虚拟语气,表示愿望;用过去时或“would/could+动词原形动词原形”表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望;用表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。If only I were taller.(与现在事实相反与现在事实相反)If only he had followed your advice!(与过去事实相反与过去事实相反)If only the rain would stop.(与将来事实相反与将来事实相反)(3)It is(high/about)time that sb.did sth./should do sth
44、.,从句中谓从句中谓语动词常用过去形式,有时也用语动词常用过去形式,有时也用“should+动词原形动词原形”,意为,意为“该该是是的时候了的时候了”。It is time you thought about your future.(4)would rather后面接从句时表示愿望,意为后面接从句时表示愿望,意为“宁愿,但愿宁愿,但愿”。I would rather you didnt speak rudely to her.(与现在事实相反与现在事实相反)Id rather you hadnt spoken rudely to her.(与过去事实相反与过去事实相反)(5)在在lest/i
45、n case/for fear that.引导的目的状语从句,若用虚拟语气,引导的目的状语从句,若用虚拟语气,谓语动词用谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。动词原形。He took his umbrella lest it should rain.1.Jack described his father,who _ a brave boy many years ago,as a strong-willed man.(2010安徽)安徽)A.would be B.would have been C.must be D.must have been 解析:选解析:选D。句意为:杰克把多年前曾是勇敢
46、男孩的父亲描述为一。句意为:杰克把多年前曾是勇敢男孩的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人。个意志坚强的人。must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。表示对过去事情的肯定推测。2.You _ buy a gift,but you can if you want to.(2010湖南)湖南)A.must B.Mustnt C.have to D.dont have to解析:选解析:选D。dont have to 意为意为“没有必要没有必要”,符合语境。句意为:,符合语境。句意为:你没有必要买礼物,但如果你想买的话,你也可以买。你没有必要买礼物,但如果你想买的话,你也可以买。3.I have
47、told you the truth._ I keep repeating it?(2010江西)江西)A.Must B.Can C.May D.Will解析:选解析:选A。must 必须;一定;必须;一定;can 可以可以,能够;能够;may 也许;也许;will 将要。句意为:我已经告诉你事实了将要。句意为:我已经告诉你事实了,我还必须重复一遍吗?我还必须重复一遍吗?4.I _ have watched that movie-itll give me horrible dreams.(2010山东)山东)A.shouldnt B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt解析:选解
48、析:选A。句意为:我本来不应该看那部电影。句意为:我本来不应该看那部电影它会使我做噩它会使我做噩梦的。表示梦的。表示“本来不应该做而做了某事本来不应该做而做了某事”用用shouldnt have done,所所以以A项正确。项正确。5.Mark _ have hurried.After driving at top speed,he arrived half an hour early.(2010天津)天津)A.neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.couldnt 解析:选解析:选A。句意为:迈克本来不必要那么急的,这么高速驾驶之。句意为:迈克本来不必要那么急的,这么高速驾驶
49、之后,他提前了半个小时到达。用后,他提前了半个小时到达。用neednt have done 结构,表示结构,表示“本本来不必要做某事而实际上做了来不必要做某事而实际上做了”。6._ I take the book out?Im afraid not.(2010四川)四川)A.Will B.May C.Must D.Need解析:选解析:选B。表示请求可用情态动词。表示请求可用情态动词can,may,could,might,表示允表示允许用许用can,may。句意为:。句意为:我可以将这本书带出去吗?我可以将这本书带出去吗?恐怕恐怕不行。故应选表示请求的情态动词不行。故应选表示请求的情态动词ma
50、y。7.Just be patient.You _ expect the world to change so soon.(2010全国全国)A.cant B.neednt C.may not D.will not解析:选解析:选A。考查情态动词。考查情态动词。cant不可能;不可能;neednt没有必要;没有必要;may not可能不可能不;will not 将不会。句意为:要耐心。你不能期望世界会将不会。句意为:要耐心。你不能期望世界会这么快地改变。这么快地改变。8.I havent got the reference book yet,but Ill have a test on the