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1、Produced by Zhang YalingProduced by Zhang Yaling概念概念连词是一种连词是一种虚词虚词,它不能独立地担任它不能独立地担任句子成分句子成分,只是连接词与词、短语与只是连接词与词、短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。短语以及句子与句子的作用。英语中连词只要分英语中连词只要分两类两类：并列与从：并列与从属连词。属连词。并并列列连连词词：用用来来连连接接平平行行的的词词、短短语或分句。语或分句。从属连词：用来引导一个从句从属连词：用来引导一个从句。并列连词：并列连词：a.并列关系：并列关系：and，aswellas,eitherornotonlybutalso
2、，bothandneithernor.b.转折关系：转折关系：but，yet，or.c.因果关系因果关系：for，so.d.选择关系：选择关系：or，eitheror.并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。1.andNowstopblowing,andsoonyouwillfindtheglassclearagain.Tenminutesearlier,andwecouldhavecaughtthelastbus.and 在此表示在此表示条件条件，等于，等于 ifyoustopblowingnow,you.Ifwecameheretenminutesearlier
3、,we2.notonlybutalso/aswellasNotonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.Themotheraswellasthechildrenissick.不但不但妈妈妈妈而且而且孩子孩子也病了。也病了。不但不但孩子们孩子们而且而且妈妈妈妈也病了。也病了。连接连接主语主语时，时，强调的方面不同，谓语动词在强调的方面不同，谓语动词在人称、数人称、数上也要调整上也要调整。3.orTheelephantisntlikeawall,oraspear,orasnake,oratree,neitherishelikeafan.在否定句中在否定句中并列并
4、列成分的列举通常用成分的列举通常用or来连接，来连接，不用不用and。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。1.主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句连接词有：连接词有：that,if,whether,as连接代词：连接代词：who，whom，whose，whatwhich,whatever,whoever,whichever连接副词：连接副词：when，where，why，how，wherever,whenever从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句状语从句引导引导时间时间状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：as,when,wh
5、ile,till,notuntil,until,before,since,assoonas,hardly/scarcelywhen,nosooner.than,once,themoment,theminutethat,bythetime引导引导让步让步状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：although,though,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+who(what,when,how,where)或或whoever,whatever,wherever,however等等as,though(要用倒装要用倒装)从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句状
6、语从句引导引导原因原因状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：because,asfor,since,nowthat引导引导地点地点状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：where,wherever引导引导目的目的状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：sothat,inorderthat引导引导结果结果状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：sothat,suchthat引导引导方式方式状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：as,asif(though)引导引导比较比较状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：than,as引导引导条件条件状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,onc
7、e,asfaras,onconditionthat从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。3.定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why4.同位语从句同位语从句同上（除同上（除that外）外）区别几组同义词连词区别几组同义词连词:一一.when，while，as“当当时时”*when+持续性持续性V./+终止性终止性V.e.g.HewasdoinghishomeworkwhenIcamein.*while+持续性动作持续性动作，表示，表示“在在时时”;表示对比表示对比“而而”e.g.St
8、rikewhiletheironishot.Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.*as+延续性动词延续性动词-“当当的时候的时候”;“一边一边一边一边”e.g.ImetherasIwascominghome.(=when)Shesangasshewalkedhome.Ashetalkedonhegotmoreandmoreexcited.二二.because(因为因为)，since（既然）（既然）,as(由于由于),for(因为因为)*“Whydidyoumovethere?”“_myfatherfoundajobthere.”Themanfainted(晕倒晕倒)_hew
9、astiredandhungry.*_itisknowntoall,theearthmovesroundthesun.*_youcantanswerthequestion,perhapswedbetterasksomeoneelse.*Theoldladydoesntgooutinwinter,_shefeelsthecoldagreatdeal.BecausebecauseAsSincefor类别类别作用作用例句例句because表示不知道原因，可放在表示不知道原因，可放在句首句首或或句句末末，句首句首要用要用逗号逗号分开。句末不需分开。句末不需分开。分开。Iamleavingbecause
10、Iamfull.for表示不知道的原因，语气最弱，是表示不知道的原因，语气最弱，是可说可不说的话，可说可不说的话，只能放在主句后，只能放在主句后，而且必须与前面的分句分开。而且必须与前面的分句分开。for前前有有“逗号逗号”Itsmorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.since/as表示已知原因，表示已知原因，since比比as 正式一点。正式一点。通常放在通常放在主句前主句前。Sinceeverybodyishere,letsstart.下列情况只能用下列情况只能用because1 回答回答why问句时问句时2 用于强调句型中用于强调句型中3 被被 not 否定时
11、否定时三三.sothat“以便，为了以便，为了”(表示目的表示目的)=inorderthatsothat“以致于，结果以致于，结果”(表示结果表示结果)Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.Hegotuplatesothathedidntcatchthefirstbus.Itwasverycold,sothatthewaterinthebowlfroze.Shetookmedicineontimesothatshemightgetwellsoon.“为了为了”“结果结果”“结果结果”“为了为了”sothat；suchthat“如此如此以致于以致于”
12、他是如此聪明的男孩他是如此聪明的男孩,我们大家都喜欢他我们大家都喜欢他.Heis_acleverboythatallofuslikehim.她被吓坏了她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来以致哭了起来.Shewas_frightenedthatshestartedcrying.这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.Itis_beautifulaparkthatpeopleenjoyplayinginit.Thereis_muchinkinthebottlethatyoucanuseit.Thereare_manytextsinthebookthatweca
13、ntfinishlearningthisterm.suchsosososo小结：小结：such+名词（词组）名词（词组）thatso+形容词形容词/副词副词that六六.if,whether“是否是否”Sheasked_Itooksugarinmytea.Idontcare_itdoesntrain.=Idontcare_itrainornot._hewillcomeornotisunknown.Theydiscussed_theyshouldhelpher.Weareconsidering_togo.Itisstillaquestion_theywillfinishthetaskintime
14、.ifwhether/ifwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether七七.whether和和if的区别的区别1.Idontcarewhetherhewillattendmybirthdaypartyornot.Idontcarewhetherornothewillattendmybirthdayparty.2.Ihaventdecidedwhethertoleaveornot.3.WhethertheywillgototheGreatWallisnotknown.和和not连用连用whether可接不定式可接不定式引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用引导主语从句，放在句
15、首时，只能用whetherwhether和和if的区别的区别4.Thequestionwhetherwewilltakepartinthephysicscontesthasnotbeendecided.Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishthetaskontime.5.Itdependsonwhetheryouwanttodoitornot.引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whetherwhether可做介词的宾语从句的连接词可做介词的宾语从句的连接词Practice:1.Hurry up,_ youll be late.2.Study
16、 hard,_ youll make progress.3.I had tried hard,_ I failed.4.I was going to jump into the river _ the guide called out to me.5.She could _ read German _ speak it well.orandbutwhenbothand6.You may _ do it yourself _ leave it to me.7.I cant swim,_ can my sister.8.It must be raining,_ it is so dark outs
17、ide.9.The problem was very hard,_,we worked it out in the end.eitherorneitherforotherwise10.She had much difficulty in studying English,_we should give her more help.11.We have studied English for only a year,_ we can already act plays in English12._ he _ I am from the north.13.You can _ stay at sch
18、ool _Come to spend the holiday with us.sobutNotonlybutalsoeitheror14.I dont know him,_ do I know where he comes from.15.He was very tired,_ he kept on working.16.You may watch TV,_ only for half an hour or so.17.Come _ today _ tomorrow.18.I was ill,and _ could not come.noryetbuteitherorthereforeas引导
19、让步，要用倒装引导让步，要用倒装Childasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuy.Tryashewould,hecouldntlifttheheavybox.A.when/When B.while/WhileC.as/As1._ he comes tomorrow,I shall ask him where he has been.2._ he was speaking,everybody listened carefully.3._ they picked tea,the girls sang happily.4.Have a good look
20、at that man _ you pass him.5.It was already eight oclock _ we got home.6._ coal is burned,the chemical energy is turned into heat energy.7.He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.8.Henry is in charge of the office_ Mr.Smith is away.9.I was going out _a visitor came.10.Some people respect him _others are afraid of him.ABCCAABAA/BB