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1、x2012年高考真题英语（上海卷）解析版考生注意：1考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。2本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第1卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页）， 全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上 一律不得分。3答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。第1卷 （共105分）I . Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speake
2、rs. At theend of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations andthe questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to thequestion
3、you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for
4、the concert. C. Sandy shouldnt have given that much. D. Dave must be mad with the money5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the mans offer.6. A.2 B.3. C.4.D. 57. A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesnt
5、Like coffee at all. C. They help each other stop drinking coffee. D. The man is uninterested in the womans story8. A. He doesnt. mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. Hell help if the woman doesnt mindD. He cant help move the cupboard.9. A. Hes planning to find a new job.
6、 B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess. C. Hes too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,10. A. She doesnt agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth. D. She had no travel experience in Britain.Section BDirections: In
7、 Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answ
8、er to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Use the companys equipment. B. Give orders to robotsC. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another. C. Employees children
9、are happy. D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. HonestyQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada. C. They wanted to continue the Revolution. D. They were against Britain.15. A. Th
10、ey standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution. C. They enjoy a very high social position. D. They make up a small part of the population16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French. C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. I
11、t dates back to the late 17th century.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your ans
12、wer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Benea
13、th each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people wont have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A. For . B. Without C. Beneath D. By【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意：没有激情，人们就不会拥有创造性思维所必须的动力
14、和快乐。26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little. A. will teach B. teach C. are taught D. will be taught【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时。句意：诚实是上上之策？我们从小就被这样教导过。27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasnt allowed into the sports club. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone【答案】
15、B【解析】考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth. be allowed to do sth. allow doing sth.句意：杰克因为把会员卡忘在家里了，所以他没有被允许进运动俱乐部。28. The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol. A. wouldnt B. neednt C. wont D. mustnt【答案】【解析】29. Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters. A. man
16、aged she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage【答案】C【解析】考查倒装句。Only+状语位于句首，句子要部分倒装。只是有了最好的运气，她才成功逃脱了正在上涨的洪水的袭击。30.I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one. A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves31.When he took his gl
17、oves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside. A. each B. every C. other D. another【答案】A【解析】考查代词。因为是两只手套，所以用each指“两者中任何一个”。句意：当他脱下手套时，我注意到每只手套里都写有他的名字。32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so Im not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticket prices. A. once B. if C. after D. unless【答案】D【解
18、析】考查连词意义辨析。句意：我的旅行预算比较紧张，所以除非机票降价否则我是不会乘飞机的。33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A. thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of .【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。have trouble(in)doing的结构。句意：大庭广众之下讲话，皮特总是要搜肠括肚想想该说的事。34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness
19、is usually served by frankness. A. why B. which C. that D. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts? A. which B. them C. that D. whom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。介词+关系代词中只能用which或whom根据先行词是relatives(亲戚)为人选whom。from whom=and from them。句意：你从亲戚那儿收到了礼物后，有没有给他们发感谢信？36. The
20、 club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。founded=which was founded。句意：建于25年前的这家俱乐部正在为新老会员举行晚会。37.Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm? No, it was by improving work efficiency. A. w
21、hen B. what C. how D. that【答案】D【解析】考查特殊句式。本题是强调句，对by cutting down staff进行强调。句意：是不是只有通过裁员她才能拯救公司的命运？不是，要通过提高工作效率来拯救。38.Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A. who B. that C. what D. which39. Genius is a complicated concept, _
22、 _ many different factors. A. involved B. involving , C. to involve D. being involved【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。concept与involve是主动关系，用现在分词。现在分词短语作非限制性定语。“天才”是一个复杂的概念，涉及了许多不同的因素。40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place. A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however【答案】A【解析】考查连
23、词的辨析。从句中有“地点a new place”作宾语，故排除BC选项。很显然本句是时间状语从句。句意：一个人无论什么时候到了一个新地方，地图就是他使用的最好的工具之一。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. maintained B. serious C. indications D. figures E
24、. anxiousF. concern G crisis H. decided I. available J. reversed Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency. Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutriti
25、on inspector said. Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the countrys overweight 42 . There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us, he said. Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems t
26、o be increasingly big packs onsale. He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus. A trial scheme（试行方案） with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they re
27、alized the number of calories in a product. A consultation(征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls. Government
28、47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases. III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For
29、 each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a
30、wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚） and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his fac
31、e was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think _ 55 _ assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive ai
32、d. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been lost . The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attr
33、active person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of _ 60 between the potential helper and the person in
34、need is also important.For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive wor
35、ds. Whether a person receives help depends in part on the worth of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone 62 _ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were
36、more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50. A. study B. way C. word D. college【答案】A【解析】通过上下文特别是“In 53 these and other research findings,”可以看出这里实在作调查研究。51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back【答案】C【解析】通过下文“the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face w
37、as spotless”知道是在脸上。52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing【答案】C【解析】根据句意和上下文这里应该是“理解”。54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing【答案】A【解析】在理解了（上文所述的）这些情况和其它研究的结果，有两个重要的因素。55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept【答案】B【解析】这两个重要因素就是：
38、我们愿意帮助那些我们因为某种原因而喜欢的人，帮助那些我们认为值得帮助的人。56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example【答案】D【解析】本段的首句“In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid.在某种情况下，那些长得漂亮的人更有可能接受到帮助”提出了观点，接着就是举例证明。57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed【答案】B【解析】根据下文“Th
39、e measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not.”可知答案。58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working【答案】B【解析】与下文提到的“a less attractive person”形成对比。59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down【答案】A【解析】与上文中的“mail”同义“邮寄”。其它三个选项的意思为：丢弃
40、；填写；（将音量）调小60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange【答案】B【解析】穿着朴素，与下文的“体恤衫上印着攻击性的文字”形成对比。62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances【答案】C【解析】62和63、64题都是围绕“一个人是否得到帮助部分取决于值得不值得 的情况”这个话题所举的例子。根据下文“to buy milk rather than to buy cookies,”可
41、知是买东西，买东西当然要用钱。63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health【答案】D【解析】根据句意“因为人们认为牛奶比起饼干来对身体更为重要”得到答案。64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick【答案】D【解析】人们更倾向于帮助病人而非醉鬼。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
42、For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. Firs
43、t of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised 70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. Whites second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has bro
44、ken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座） and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the