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1、SCIENCE ANDSCIENTISTSUnit 1 Learning about languageDiscovering useful sturcturePredicative clauses表语从句表语从句1.Review0102Activity 1 Circle the predicative in each sentence.1.Africa is a big continent.2.Her job is selling computers.3.I feel much better today.4.That remains a puzzle to me.5.This is what
2、he said.predicative 表语表语系动词系动词02系动词系动词表示状态表示状态BeBe动词动词:is am are;was were:is am are;was were感官动词感官动词look sound smell taste feel look sound smell taste feel 表示持续表示持续keep stay remainkeep stay remain表示变化表示变化become go get grow turnbecome go get grow turn表示看起来表示看起来/表像表像seem look appearseem look appear表示终
3、止表示终止prove;turn outprove;turn out2.表语从句表语从句03 Underline all the examples in the reading passage where noun clauses are used as the predicative.Then state their meaning and functions.1.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in f
4、ood or water.3.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.4.The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overome主语（从句）主语（从句）subject连系
5、动词连系动词linking verb表语（从句）表语（从句）predicative03在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。位于主位于主句的句的系动词系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语语的内容具体化。表语从句必须从句必须用用陈述句语序陈述句语序。3.表语从句的引导词表语从句的引导词01连接代词连接代词:what,who,whom,whose,which,+ever My hometown is no longer what it used to be.The problem is who we can g
6、et to replace her.The problem is whose work is the best.结论：结论：除在句中起除在句中起连接连接作用外，在从句中还充当主语、作用外，在从句中还充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，具有宾语、表语或定语，具有意义。意义。02连接副词：连接副词：when、where、how、whyThe question is when they will start the project.The question is how he did it.The question is where we can live.结论：结论：除在句中起除在句中起连接连接作用外，作
7、用外，在从句中还充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，具有意义。03The trouble is that I have lost his address.The question is whether they will go by plane or by train.The fact is that we have finished the task.I wonder whether we shall be in time for the last bus.uthat _成分，成分，_意义，意义，_省略。省略。uwhether _成分，成分，_意义，译为意义，译为_。结论：结论：不做不做是否是否
8、无无不能不能不做不做有有从属连词：从属连词：that,whether,as if,as though,because03从属连词：从属连词：that,whether,as if,as though,becauseIt sounds as if/though someone is knocking at the door.She looked as if she had been hit by lightning.It seems as if she were mad.结论：结论：as if/though 在从句中不充当成分，意为在从句中不充当成分，意为”仿佛，好像仿佛，好像”;”;若表语从句所
9、述的是非真实的情况，从句用若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气虚拟语气(主句主句一般一般现在现在时，从句用一般时，从句用一般过去过去时；主句时；主句过去过去式，从句式，从句过去完成过去完成时）时）；若所述的是事实，从句用；若所述的是事实，从句用陈述句语序陈述句语序。03从属连词：从属连词：that,whether,as if,as though,becauseThis is because the weather here is cold and wet.He did not see the film last night.That is because he had seen it
10、 before.结论：结论：as if/though as if/though 在从句中不充当成分，意为在从句中不充当成分，意为”仿佛，仿佛，好像好像”;”;若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实，从句用陈述句语序。若所述的是事实，从句用陈述句语序。4.Practice【即时演练】【即时演练】1.You are saying that he is dishonest,and this is _ I disagree.2.I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which i
11、s _ he never finishes anything.3.Id like to start my own businessthats _Id do if I had the money.4.It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.5.The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.wherewhywhetherwhatwhen【即时演练】【即
12、时演练】6.He is careless and irresponsible.That was _ he was fired.7.He was fired.That was _ he is careless and irresponsible.8.The reason _ he was fired was _ he was careless and irresponsible.9.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _(be)broken.10.The little girl talked as if sh
13、e _(be)a grown-up.whybescausewhythatwerehad beenP5-2:Answer the following questions using the information from the reading passage as well as the predicative clauses.What was it that John Snow showed to the world?What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.1.What was Snows d
14、iscovery in two particular streets in London?Snows discovery in two particular streets in London was that _ _.2.What was Snow determined to find out during the 1854 outbreak of cholera in London?What Snow was determined to find out was why _.the cholera outbreak was so severe that the cholera outbre
15、ak had caused over 500 deathsmore than 500 people died in ten dayswithin ten days3.What were the exact places Snow marked on the map?The exact places Snow marked on the map were where _.4.What was the finding that Snow announced?Snows finding was that _ _.all those who died had livedthe pump water c
16、arriedcholera germsP5-3:David is talking to Maria about their scientific research project.First complete Davids lines(A-E),using the words in the box.Then put Davids lines in the correct order and practise the conversation.as if,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherA.Absolutely.You may not
17、believe it,but that was _ happened at the initial stage of our groups research on developing a vaccine for malaria.B.Yes,it is.And it seemed _ all the theories were useful,but the fact was _ we couldnt persuade one another that one theory was better than another.whatas ifthatas if,that,what,who,when
18、,how,why,whose,which,whetherC.Exactly.The problem was not about _ all our theories were equally good,but in deciding _ theory to depend upon.D.We realised that what we cared about was not _ aspect we needed to develop a theory in,but rather _ we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!E.Youre right.At last,we became focused on the key issue,which was _ we had to carry out the research in the first place.whosewhichhowas if,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherwhywhether谢 谢 ！