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1、定语从句考点关系词指代范围在从句中所做成分典句例示关系代词与关系副词的判定who人主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略）The boy who is standing there is my cousin.whom人宾语（限定性定语从句可省略）The man (whom) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.whose(= of whom= of which)人或物定语 Do you know the boy whose (the father of whom)is an engineer?He lives in a house whose windows (the wi
2、ndows of which) face south.which物主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略） Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures. The pen (which) my uncle gave me is missing.that人或物主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略， 不引导非限定性定语从句） A plane is a machine that can fly. I dont know the man (that) you mentioned.as人或物（在非限定性定语从句中也可指代整个句子）主语、宾语、表
3、语 As is known to all, Edison invented the electric lamp. I want to read such a book as you read. I want to read the same book as you read. He is not the same man as he was.when (=适当介词+ which)时间时间状语Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party.where (=适当介词+ which)地点地点状语The factory where my father
4、works is in the east of the city.why(= for which)原因原因状语None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. 表示时间、地点、原因的先行词作定语从句谓语动词的主语、宾语时，应用 that 或 which，作宾语时that/which 也可省略。当先行词是 case，condition，situation，position， point，stage 等名词，表示情况、方面、处境时关系副词用 where I dont believe the reason (which/t
5、hat) he was late for school. I dont believe the reason (which/that) he gave me. He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy. 当先行词 way 意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有 in which，that 或不用任何关系词这三种形式；way 不做“方式、方法”解时，其定语从句的引导词用 that 或 which，引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。 The way (that/in which) he explained the sente
6、nce to us was not difficult to understand. (关系代词在从句中作状语， 相当于 in this/that way) The way (that/which) he explained to us was quite simple. (关系代词 that/which 在从句中作宾语) The way (that/which) he showed us leads to the small village. (way 意为“道路”)特别提醒1、如何选择关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关
7、系代词， 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主语、宾语、状语），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。2、定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 +复数动词the only one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 单数动词-1-几组关系代词的区别用 that 不用 which先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none 时 Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy
8、.Please get ready for everything (that) we need.先行词被 only, any, few, no, very, little等修饰时 This is the very book that Im looking for. The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 先行词是形容词最高级或序数词， 或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时This is the best film (that) I have seen.先行词为人、物并用时He talked about things and p
9、ersons (that) they remembered in the school.当主句的主语是疑问词 who 或which 时Which is the bike that you lost?当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.the same as 与the same thatthe same as 表示相似的东西the same that 表示同一人或物 This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。 This is the
10、 same knife that I lost.这把小刀就是我丢的那把。such/so as 与such/so thatsuch/so as (定语从句) 像那样such/so that (状语从句) 如此以至于 This is such an easy question as I can answer. This is such an easy question that I can answer.as 与 which1、as 引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中。which 引导的非限定性定语从句通常放在主句之后。2、as 意为“正如”， 后面的谓语
11、动词多是 see, know, except, say, mention, report 等；which 意为“这一点”。 Avatar is a very successful film, as is known to all. As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished us.介词+关系代词 名（代）词 + 介词 + 关系代词（一般作主语）I picked up the apples, some of which were bad. 数词或形容词最高级 +
12、 of + 关系代词（一般作主语） He has ten cousins, three of whom are clever. He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is clever. 介词 + 关系代词（一般作状语）This is the girl from whom I learn the news. 介词短语 + 关系代词（一般作状语）Jack was a famous doctor, with the help of whom they succeeded in an operation. 介词 + which + 名词（一般在句中作状语）
13、She suffered from illness, in which case her husband had to stay at home. 介词 + whose + 名词（一般作状语）He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen. from where 为“介词 + 关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。 “介词 + 关系代词”中的介词可根据先行词或定语从句中的动词短语进行判断。He hid himself behind the door, from where he saw the man take a photo o
14、f something on the desk. (from where 指 from behind the door)他躲在门后面，从那里他看见那个人拍摄了桌子上的什么 东西。特殊定语从句分裂式定语从句（先行词与关系代(副)词分开）I was the only person in my office who was invited to the important ball.插入式定语从句（关系代词与从句中插入一个句子）He made another great discovery, which I think is very important to science.省略式定语从句（介词 + 关系代词 + 不定式）I intend to make friends with a Frenchman from whom toimprove my French.-2-学科网（北京）股份有限公司