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1、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语(zhungy)有几种形式有几种形式第一页，共32页。2 2现在分词现在分词现在分词现在分词(fn c)(fn c)作状语有四种形式作状语有四种形式作状语有四种形式作状语有四种形式1.1.一般形式，由动词原形一般形式，由动词原形一般形式，由动词原形一般形式，由动词原形inging构成构成构成构成2.2.完成形式，由完成形式，由完成形式，由完成形式，由having+having+过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词(fn c)(fn c)3.3.进行被动式：由进行被动式：由进行被动式：由进行被动式：由beingbeing过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词(fn c)(fn
2、c)4.4.完成被动式：由完成被动式：由完成被动式：由完成被动式：由having beenhaving been过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词(fn c)(fn c)构成构成构成构成第1页/共32页第二页，共32页。3 3-ing短语作状语短语作状语(zhungy)称称为现在分词短语作状语为现在分词短语作状语(zhungy)现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语(zhungy)时，通常都表示主时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对谓语正在进行的另一动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬为陪衬 第2页/共32页第三页，共32页。4 4l lRelying
3、on our own efforts,we,we overcame all the difficulties.overcame all the difficulties.l lThey stood there for an hour,They stood there for an hour,watching watching the gamethe game.l lDont just stand there doing nothing.第3页/共32页第四页，共32页。5 51.现在分词何时现在分词何时(h sh)用一般形式用一般形式?当分词的动作当分词的动作(dngzu)是由主语发出，是由主
4、语发出，而且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一般而且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一般形式形式He was ill and didnt attend the meeting.=Being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.第4页/共32页第五页，共32页。6 6When he saw those picture,he couldnt help thinking f those memorable days in the war.=Seeing those pictures,he couldnt help thinking of those memorable day
5、s in the war.第5页/共32页第六页，共32页。7 7如果分词表示的是一个极短如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作暂的动作,这动作一发生这动作一发生,谓语谓语表示的动作立即发生表示的动作立即发生,也用分词也用分词的一般的一般(ybn)形式形式.Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.第6页/共32页第七页，共32页。8 8Reaching homeReaching home,he began writing a melody for it.Walking out of the room,he found the boy still there
6、.Arriving at the hotelArriving at the hotel,she found them busy laying tables.第7页/共32页第八页，共32页。9 92.现在分词现在分词(fn c)何时用完成形式？何时用完成形式？当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且发生在谓语当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且发生在谓语(wiy)动作之前，则用分词的完成形式动作之前，则用分词的完成形式Having finished the class,she went home.=After she finished the class第8页/共32页第九页，共32页。1010Having
7、worked among the peasants for many years,he knew them very well.=As he had worked第9页/共32页第十页，共32页。11113.现在现在(xinzi)分词何时用进行被动式？分词何时用进行被动式？当分词的动作由主语承受，而且分词的动作与谓语当分词的动作由主语承受，而且分词的动作与谓语(wiy)动词同时发生时动词同时发生时Being criticized by the employer,the new employee hung his head.第10页/共32页第十一页，共32页。12124.现在分词何时现在分词何
8、时(h sh)用完成的被动用完成的被动式？式？当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前动作之前(zhqin)发生，且分词发生，且分词表示的动作由主语承受表示的动作由主语承受 Having been beaten by the farmer,the horse went away.Having been praised for his job,Tom worked harder.第11页/共32页第十二页，共32页。1313 Having been cut off from their source of supply,the guerrillas camped in
9、 the open and live on wild plants.第12页/共32页第十三页，共32页。1414现在分词作状语相当于状语从现在分词作状语相当于状语从句可表时间，原因，方式，伴随句可表时间，原因，方式，伴随情况，结果情况，结果(ji gu)或条件等或条件等第13页/共32页第十四页，共32页。1515(1)相当于原因状语相当于原因状语(zhungy)从句从句a.Being ill,she didnt g to school today.=As she is ill,b.Having seen the film,he didnt go to the cinema with the
10、m.=Because he had seen the film,第14页/共32页第十五页，共32页。1616c.Feeling tired，I went to bed early.=Because I felt tired,d.Not knowing her address,we couldnt get in touch with her.Because we didnt know her address,第15页/共32页第十六页，共32页。1717Greatly interested,I asked to have a try myself.Delighted,the girls tho
11、ught up many good ideas.第16页/共32页第十七页，共32页。1818a.Walking in the street(=When I was(=When I was walking in the street),I caught sight of a walking in the street),I caught sight of a tailor shop.tailor shop.b.Turning around(When she turned around),she saw an ambulance driving up.（2）相当于时间状语）相当于时间状语(zhu
12、ngy)从句从句第17页/共32页第十八页，共32页。1919c.When leaving the airport(When they left the airport),they waved again and again.D.Dont mention this while talking to him(while you are talking to him).第18页/共32页第十九页，共32页。2020(3)表示行为方式表示行为方式(fngsh)，伴随情况或补充说，伴随情况或补充说明等明等a.Holding the note in his hand,he stood there dum
13、bfounded.b.The students went away,running and laughing.c.Staving,he wandered about.第19页/共32页第二十页，共32页。2121(4)表示表示(biosh)结果结果a.The old man died,leaving nothing but debts.b.we hurried to school,finding there were no students in the school.c.They opened fire,killing one of our patrolmen.第20页/共32页第二十一页，
14、共32页。2222(5)表示表示(biosh)条件条件a.Staying here for some time,youll find the people here are friendly.b.If playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.第21页/共32页第二十二页，共32页。2323注意注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用：不是每个状语从句都能用分词替换分词替换只有当分词和句子的主语有逻辑上只有当分词和句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系的主谓关系(gun x)时，才能用分时，才能用分词替换词替换第22页/共32页第二十三页，共32页。242
15、4Before I came into the lab,the student had been seated.Come into 的动作既不是的动作既不是students发出的也不是发出的也不是students承受承受(chngshu)，所以不能这样说，所以不能这样说Coming into the lab,the students had been seated.第23页/共32页第二十四页，共32页。2525注意注意2：分词作状语：分词作状语(zhungy)时，分词和句子时，分词和句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主谓关系的主语一定要有逻辑上的主谓关系逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作由句子的主语逻辑上
16、的主谓关系即分词的动作由句子的主语发出或承受发出或承受第24页/共32页第二十五页，共32页。2626We are sitting here,making notes.make的的动作动作(dngzu)由主语我们发出由主语我们发出Being scolded by his mother,the boy hung his head.Scold 的动作的动作(dngzu)由由the boy承受承受第25页/共32页第二十六页，共32页。2727注意注意3：如果分词和句子没有逻辑：如果分词和句子没有逻辑(lu j)上的主谓关系，则不能用单个的分词作状上的主谓关系，则不能用单个的分词作状语，可以用分词的
17、独立主格结构或状语从语，可以用分词的独立主格结构或状语从句句第26页/共32页第二十七页，共32页。2828现在分词的独立结构为名词现在分词的独立结构为名词(mng c)或代词分词，名词或代词分词，名词(mng c)或代词或代词是分词的逻辑主语是分词的逻辑主语Time permitting,Ill call on you this Sunday.There being no money,he could buy nothing.第27页/共32页第二十八页，共32页。2929He entering the office,a letter was found on the ground.Prof
18、essor Zhang having finished the lecture,his driver drove him home.第28页/共32页第二十九页，共32页。3030分词作状语时分词作状语时分词作状语时分词作状语时,在少数情况下在少数情况下在少数情况下在少数情况下,其逻辑其逻辑其逻辑其逻辑(lu j)(lu j)主语与句子主语与句子主语与句子主语与句子的主语不一致的主语不一致的主语不一致的主语不一致,分词用来修饰全句分词用来修饰全句分词用来修饰全句分词用来修饰全句 Judging from his accent,he seemed Judging from his accent,he seemed toto be from be from Hunan province.Hunan province.=If we judge=If we judge第29页/共32页第三十页，共32页。3131Generally speaking,every spy has a contact.Considering his age,he was helped by the young fellow.第30页/共32页第三十一页，共32页。第31页/共32页第三十二页，共32页。