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1、Dealing with unfamiliar words 5.Match the words in the box with their definitions.6.Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.7.Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.8.Answer the questions about the words and expressions.Exercises 第1
2、页/共147页5.Match the words in the box with their definitions.1tomakeafirestopburning()2 the total number of people who havebeenkilledorhurt()3anextremelydifficultorfrighteningsituation()Exercises chaotic extinguish heroism nightmare toll tragedy utmostextinguishtollnightmare第2页/共147页4 a very sad event
3、 that causes people tosufferordie()5asmuchaspossible()6impressive actionsthatprovesomeoneisverybrave()7happeninginaconfusedwayandwithoutanyorderororganization()Exercises tragedyutmostheroismchaoticchaotic extinguish heroism nightmare toll tragedy utmost第3页/共147页6.Complete the paragraph with the c o
4、r r e c t f o r m o f t h e words in Activity 5.Forafirefighterarrivingonthesceneofafirethefirstfewminutesareusuallythemost(1)_.He has to(2)_ thefire,healsoneedstofindoutifhumanlivesare in danger.When people are trappedinside a building he must act swiftly toprevent(3)_,or,inthe(4)_scenariotokeepthe
5、death(5)_toaminimum.Actionsliketheserequire the(6)_degreeof(7)_.Exercises chaoticextinguishtragedynightmaretollutmostheroismchaotic extinguish heroism nightmare toll tragedy utmost第4页/共147页7.Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 Hes a very honest,fair and well-
6、behavedsortofperson.2 Idlike to express my thanks foreverythingyouvedoneforme.Exercises decent evacuate gratitude herd leadership massivedecentgratitude第5页/共147页3Therewasagroupofcowsstandinginthecornerofthefield.4 There have been very big increases infoodpricesoverthelastfewmonths.5 All the people s
7、hould leave the buildingimmediatelywhenthealarmsounds.6Shehasdisplayedallthequalitiesneededforbeingaleaderinherjob.Exercises herdmassiveevacuateleadershipdecent evacuate gratitude herd leadership massive第6页/共147页8.Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you are raring to go,are you
8、 eager to(a)leave,or(b)start an activity?2 If you get your bearings,do you(a)lose your way,or(b)find out where you are?3 If you are nowhere close to done,do you(a)still have a lot more work to do to finish the job,or(b)still feel strong and ready to work?8.Answer the questions about the words and ex
9、pressions.1Ifyouareraring to go,areyoueagerto(a)leave,or(b)startanactivity?2Ifyougetyourbearings,doyou(a)loseyourway,or(b)findoutwhereyouare?3Ifyouarenowhere close to done,doyou(a)still have a lot more work to do tofinish the job,or(b)still feel strong andreadytowork?Exercises 第7页/共147页4 If youhaven
10、t made a dent insomething,haveyou(a)madegoodprogress,or(b)hardlybegunthejob?5 Is aracket(a)a loud and unpleasantnoise,or(b)alowmusicalsound?6 If somethinggoes berserk,is it(a)quietandwell-behaved,or(b)outofcontrol?Exercises 4 If you havent made a dent in something,have you(a)made good progress,or(b)
11、hardly begun the job?5 Is a racket(a)a loud and unpleasant noise,or(b)a low musical sound?6 If something goes berserk,is it(a)quiet and well-behaved,or(b)out of control?第8页/共147页7 Doeswhatever the hell it was suggestthat the writer(a)knew exactly what thenoise was,or(b)didnt know what thenoisewas?8I
12、fsomethingispart of the shorthand,canyou(a)easily understand it,or(b)notunderstandit?9 If you arefumbling for a fix,are you(a)trying to understand something,or(b)tryingtostaywhereyouare?Exercises 7 Does whatever the hell it was suggest that the writer(a)knew exactly what the noise was,or(b)didnt kno
13、w what the noise was?8 If something is part of the shorthand,can you(a)easily understand it,or(b)not understand it?9 If you are fumbling for a fix,are you(a)trying to understand something,or(b)trying to stay where you are?第9页/共147页Reading and interpreting9.Look at the sentences from the passage and
14、answer the questions.10.Work in pairs and answer the questions.Exercises 第10页/共147页Exercises 第11页/共147页Exercises 第12页/共147页Exercises 第13页/共147页Exercises 第14页/共147页Exercises 第15页/共147页9.Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.1Some guys were sweating like pigs.Why?Because they
15、 felt hot and exhausted.Theyhadbeenengagedinheavy physicalactivities.2we all froze.Whatdoesthismean?Itmeanswestayedcompletelystill.3Every possible worst-case scenario,and a few more besides.What was thefirefighterimagining?Hewasimagininganextremelybigfireorexplosion.Exercises 第16页/共147页4I thought ab
16、out my wife and my kids,but only fleetingly and not in any kind of life-flashing-before-my-eyes sort of way.Sodoeshelookbackoverhiswholelifeinasinglesecond?No,hejustthoughtabouthisfamilyveryquickly.5“Ill see you at the big one.”Whatisthe big one,and why dont firefighterscallitbyitsname?They minimize
17、 the fire which has justhappened and imagine the ultimate fire.Theexpressionisonecommontofirefighters,so they know what they arereferringto.Exercises 第17页/共147页6All of these thoughts were landing in my brain in a kind of flashpoint Whatarethesethoughts,andhowdotheycontrastwith the situation in the n
18、orth tower?WhatdotheytellusaboutPicciotto?ThethoughtsareaboutPicciottosfamily,job,thebagels,firefighterscustoms,hiscolleagues,thethingshislifeconsistsof,hisvalues,hisbraveryandyethisordinariness.Exercises 第18页/共147页10.Work in pairs and answer the questions.1 What has been omitted in the ellipticalse
19、ntenceDead solid still?The complete sentence might be westooddeadsolidstill.2 Which different things does the writercompare the noise of the falling buildingto?Itwaslikeanearthquake,anamusementparkthrillride,athousandrunawaytrains,aherdofwildbeasts,andthethunderofarockslide.Exercises 第19页/共147页3Howm
20、anysentencesbeginwithI thought?Four.Ithoughtaboutmywifeandkids.Ithoughtaboutthejob.Ithoughtaboutthebagels.Ithoughthowwefiremen.4 What other examples of repetition canyoufindinthepassage?Repetition of like for describing thesoundofthebuildingcollapsing.Exercises 第20页/共147页5Howmanysimilescanyoufindint
21、hepassage?Six:sweatinglikepigs;shakinglikeinanearthquake;like an amusement park thrillridegoneberserk;likeathousandrunawaytrainsspeedingtowardsme;likeaherdofwildbeasts;likethethunderofarockslide.6Whicharethemosteffective?Ilike thesimilelike athousandrunawaytrains speeding towards me,because itreally
22、suggeststhepoweroftheforcesthewriterfeelsapproachinghim.Exercises 第21页/共147页7Whatmakesthepassagemostmemorable?The figurative language.The rush ofsimilesandmetaphorscreatesmoodthrough association(earthquakes,berserkwarriors,wild animals)and gives a senseof confusion and many things happeningat once.T
23、he ellipsis gives the impressionof events speeding by.There is no timeeventousefullgrammaticalforms.Repetitionsaresimilartothewaythebrainreacts to extreme stress.Some thoughtsseem to get stuck and occur again andagain.Exercises 第22页/共147页8Howwouldanewspaperaccounthavebeendifferent?Itwouldbemorefactu
24、alandlessemotional.Newspaper reporters do notusesimilesandavoidrepetition.Astoryofa floodin a newspaper would say soberlythat the river burst its banks,flooded acertainarea of landandcausedx-amountof damage to crops and left y-number ofpeoplehomeless.Adescriptivepiecemightcomparetherivertoadragonris
25、inginfuryandtrytoexpressthesoundofthewaterasitpouredoverdikesbuilttoholditin.Ajournalistchooseswordsforprecisemeaningwhereasadescriptivewriterwantseffects.Exercises 第23页/共147页Developing critical thinking 11.Work in pairs and discuss the questions.1Picciottosaysheandhismenwere“justdoingtheirjob”.Doyo
26、uagree?Yes,firefightersmustextinguishfiresandrescuevictims.No,theyweregoingbeyonditbystayingsolongandriskingtheirlives.Exercises 第24页/共147页2 Do you think his book is the bestpossible tribute to the firefighters whodied?Itiscertainlyawayofrememberingwhatthey suffered.We think probably the bestwould b
27、e looking after their families forthem.3 What do you think the long-term effectsofdoingaheroicjoblikethisare?It must be very stressful always lookingforwardtothenextbigone.4 Do you think that extraordinary eventslike 9/11 can make ordinary people intoheroes?Yes.We alsosawmanyexamples of thatduringth
28、eSichuanearthquakewhenmanyordinarypeopledidheroicthings.Exercises 第25页/共147页Text 第26页/共147页Last man downThe firemans story11 September 2001 9:59 AM1Itcameasiffromnowhere.2Therewereabouttwodozenofusbythebankofelevatorsonthe35thfloorofthenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCenter.Wewerefirefighters,mostly,andwew
29、ereinvariousstagesofexhaustion.Someguysweresweatinglikepigs.Somehadtheirturnoutcoatsoff,ortiedaroundtheirwaists.Quiteafewwerebreathingheavily.Otherswereraringtogo.Allofusweretakingabeattocatchourbreaths,andourbearings,figureoutwhatthehellwasgoingon.Wedbeenatthisthing,hard,foralmostanhour,somealittle
30、bitless,andwewerenowhereclosetodone.Ofcourse,wehadnoideawhattherewaslefttodo,butwehadntmadeadent.Text 第27页/共147页3Andthenthenoisestarted,andthebuildingbegantotremble,andweallfroze.Deadsolidstill.Whatevertherehadbeenlefttodowouldnowhavetowait.Forwhat,wehadnoidea,butitwouldwait.Or,itwouldnt,butthatwasn
31、tthepoint.Thepointwasthatnoonewasmoving.Toaman,noonemoved,excepttolifthiseyestotheceiling,toseewheretheracketwascomingfrom.Asifwecouldseeclearthroughtheceilingtilesforaneasyanswer.Noonespoke.Therewasnttimetoturnthoughtintowords,eventhoughtherewastimetothink.Text 第28页/共147页Formeanyway,therewastimetot
32、hink,toomuchtimetothink,andmythoughtswereallovertheplace.Everypossibleworst-casescenario,andafewmorebesides.Thebuildingwasshakinglikeinanearthquake,likeanamusementparkthrillridegoneberserk,butitwastherumblethatstruckmestillwithfear.Thesheervolumeofit.Thewayitcoursedrightthroughme.Icouldntthinkwhatth
33、ehellwouldmakeanoiselikethat.Likeathousandrunawaytrainsspeedingtowardsme.Likeaherdofwildbeasts.Likethethunderofarockslide.Hardtoputitintowords,butwhateverthehellitwasitwasgainingspeed,andgatheringforce,andgettingcloser,andIwasstuckinthemiddle,unabletogetoutofitspath.Text 第29页/共147页4Itsamazing,thekin
34、dofthingyouthinkaboutwhenthereshouldbenotimetothink.Ithoughtaboutmywifeandmykids,butonlyfleetinglyandnotinanykindoflife-flashing-before-my-eyessortofway.Ithoughtaboutthejob,howcloseIwastomakingdeputy.IthoughtaboutthebagelsIhadleftonthekitchencounterbackatthefirehouse.Ithoughthowwefiremenwerealwayssa
35、yingtoeachother,Illseeyouatthebigone.Or,Wellallmeetatthebigone.Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenIdpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.Text 第30页/共147页Meaning,nomatterhowbigthisfireis,therellbeanotheronebigger,somewheredowntheroad.Wellmakeitthroughthisone,andwellmakeitthroughthatone,too.Ialwayss
36、aidit,atbigfires,andIalwayshearditback,andhereIwas,thinkingIwouldneversayorhearthesewordsagain,becausetherewouldneverbeanotherfireasbigasthis.Thiswasthebigonewehadalltalkedabout,allourlives,andifIhadntknownthisbeforejustbeforethesechillingmomentsthissick,blacknoisenowconfirmedit.Text 第31页/共147页5Ifum
37、bledforsomefixonthesituation,thinkingmaybeifIunderstoodwhatwashappeningIcouldsteelmyselfagainstit.Allofthesethoughtswerelandinginmybraininakindofflashpoint,oneontopoftheotherandallatonce,buttheretheywere.Andeachthoughtlandedfullyformed,asiftheremightbetimetoactoneach,whenintruththerewasnotimeatall.T
38、ext 第32页/共147页Postscript6RichardPicciotto(alsoknownasPitch)wasinthenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCenterwhenitcollapsedintheaftermathofthemassiveterroristattackon11September2001.AbattalioncommanderfortheNewYorkFireDe p a r tm e n t,hewasonthesceneofthedisasterwithinminutesoftheattack,toleadsevencompanieso
39、ffirefightersintothetowertohelppeopletrappedandtoextinguishfiresblazingeverywhere.Text 第33页/共147页7Thenorthtowerwasthefirstofthetwintowerstobehit.Itwasfollowed17minuteslaterbythesouthtower.Thesouthtower,however,wasthefirsttocollapse,at9:59am.Atthatmoment,Picciottowasinthenorthtower,racingupwardsbythe
40、stairsbecausetheelevatorswereoutofaction.Hethengavetheordertoevacuate.Onthe12thstoryhecameacross50peopleamidthedebris,toobadlyhurtorfrightenedtomove.Picciottoandhismenhelpedthemdown.Whenhereachedtheseventhfloor,thetowerfell,andhewasburiedbeneaththousandsoftonsofrubble.Heeventuallycameroundfourhoursl
41、ater,leadinghismentosafety.Text 第34页/共147页8Picciottowasthehighestrankingf i r e f i g h t e r t o s u r v i v e t h e attack.Thechiefofthedepartment,thefirstdeputyandthechiefofrescueoperationshadallbeenkilled.Altogetherthedeathtollincluded343firefightersandmorethan3,000civilians.Text 第35页/共147页9Picc
42、iottotellsthestoryinhisbookLast Man Down.HeusesadramaticfirstpersonstylewhichgivesthereaderanideaofthenightmareandthechaoticconfusionofoneofthedarkestdaysinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates,thetragedynowknowntotheworldsimplyas9/11,butadayofutmosthumanityandheroismtoo.Publishedin2002,thebookbecameanimmedia
43、tebest-seller,whichtheauthorwroteingratitude,andintendedasatributeto,hisdecentandtrustworthycomradeswhogavetheirlives.Itsalsoatestimonytohisleadershipskills.Ashesays,“Peoplecallusheroes,butwewerejustdoingourjob.”Text 第36页/共147页最后撤出的人：消防员的故事2001年9月11日上午9时59分1它似乎是从天而降。2 在世贸中心北塔35层的一组电梯旁，当时大约有20多个人。我们中
44、绝大多数是消防员，个个都差不多精疲力竭了。有的人大汗淋漓，有的脱掉了他们的消防战斗服，或是把它们扎在腰间。有好几个人大口地喘着粗气。其他人迫不及待地想要离开这儿。我们所有的人都停了下来，想喘口气，清醒一下头脑，搞明白到底出了什么事。我们已经在这儿拼命战斗了差不多一个小时了，有些人时间稍微短一点儿，可我们根本看不见哪里是尽头。当然，我们也不知道自己还能干点儿什么，没有一点儿进展。Text 第37页/共147页3接着传来一阵巨大的响声，整个大楼开始颤动起来，我们都愣住了。站在那儿一动不动。不管本来要做什么，现在都只能等一下了。可要等什么呢？我们不知道，但是还得等。或许我们不用等，可是问题不在这儿。
45、问题是大家都站在那儿一动不动。所有的人中间没有一个人动，只是有人抬头看了看天花板，想搞清楚这巨大的声响到底是从哪儿传来的。好像我们都能透过天花板，很容易就找到答案似的。没有人开口说话。即便是有时间思考，我们也没有时间把思维转变成语言。Text 第38页/共147页不管怎么说，我还有时间思考，有太多时间去想了，我思绪万千。我想到了每一个可能发生的最糟糕的情况，还有一些别的事情。大楼在剧烈摇晃着，像地震了似的，也像是游乐园里惊耸狂奔的过山车，可真正让我胆颤心惊的是这巨大的轰隆声。这声音实在是太大了。好像直接从我身体中飞快地穿了过去。我真想不出来是什么东西会发出如此大的响声。好像一千辆失控了的火车朝
46、我疾速驶来。好像一群狂奔着的野兽。又好像是山崩时发出的巨大轰鸣声。太难用语言来形容了，但不管这该死的声音是什么，此刻它传得越来越快，声音越来越大，离我们越来越近，而我被困在其中，没有办法逃脱。Text 第39页/共147页4真是奇怪，这种时候你应该是没有时间思考的，可是你满脑子都在想着那些事。我想到了老婆和孩子，只是在脑海里一闪而过，并不是把自己的人生都回顾了一番那样。我想到了工作，我离当上支队长只有一步之遥了。我想到了放在消防队厨柜上的面包圈。我想起我们消防员平常总互相打趣说：“在大火中见吧。”或者是“我们肯定会在大火中碰面的。”我不知道这种说法是怎么来的，或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种
47、话来的，但这就是我们的暗语。Text 第40页/共147页意思是不管这场火有多大，以后在别处还会有比这更大的。我们能安然无恙地度过这场火，也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。遇到一场大火时，我总是这么说，也总听别人这么说，可现在我呆在这儿，想着自己再也不会说这样的话了，也不会再听到别人这么说了，因为再也不会有比这更大的火了。这会是我们大家一辈子都在说的那场大火，如果以前就在这一个个令人胆战心惊的瞬间之前我没有认识到这一点的话，现在这浑厚的、不祥的响声印证了这一点。Text 第41页/共147页5我琢磨着有什么办法能改变我们的处境。我想如果搞明白了现在发生了什么事，也许我就能应对了。所有这些思绪在我脑子
48、里一个连着一个地闪现，想完一个又是另一个，一时间都堆积在我的脑子里。每个想法都是那么完整，好像我有足够的时间一个个地付诸行动似的，而事实上我根本没有时间。Text 第42页/共147页后评62001年9月11日，在世贸中心遭到恐怖分子袭击而倒塌时，理查德皮乔托（也被称作“皮奇”）正在世贸中心的北塔里。作为纽约消防局的一名大队长，他在袭击发生后的几分钟之内就赶到了现场，带领七个中队的消防队员进入北塔，解救受困人员，扑灭四处蔓延的大火。Text 第43页/共147页7北塔是世贸双塔中最先受到攻击的。17分钟后南塔也遭到了袭击。而南塔第一个倒塌，时间是9点59分。当时皮乔托正在北塔里，沿着楼梯往上跑
49、，因为电梯根本工作不了了。这时他下达了撤退的命令。到达12层时，他看到了50个人被压在废墟底下，他们有的受了重伤动弹不了，有的惊慌失措。皮乔托和他的部下扶着他们往下走。到第七层时，北塔塌了，他被埋在几千吨的瓦砾之下。过了四个小时，他终于醒了过来，领着他的部下到达安全的地方。Text 第44页/共147页8皮乔托是袭击中幸存下来的最高级别的消防员。纽约消防局局长、第一支队长以及救援队队长全部都以身殉职了。整个事件中共有343名消防队员献出了生命，超过3,000名平民丧生。Text 第45页/共147页9皮乔托在他的最后撤出的人一书中讲述了他的经历。他用一种扣人心弦的第一人称的方式向读者描述了被认
50、为是美国历史上最黑暗的日子、也是世人皆知的9/11那天，人们所经历的恶梦般的恐惧和混乱，当然这也是人道主义精神和英雄主义精神展现得最淋漓尽致的一天。此书于2002年一出版就立即成为一本畅销书，作者抱着一颗感恩的心写了这本书，并欲以此书向那些品德高尚、值得信赖，并献出了生命的战友们致敬。当然，这本书也展示了他的领导才能。正如他所说的，“人们都称我们为英雄，其实我们只是在干我们的本职工作。”Text 第46页/共147页Words&Phrasesfirefighterraring bearingdentrackettilescenario shorthandfiremanfirehouse bag