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1、1IntroductionA We have really everything in common with America nowadays,except of course,language.-Oscar Wilde,19th century writerB Within a century British and American English speakers will not be able to understand each other.-Henry Sweet,19th century linguist第1页/共65页2C America and England are t
2、wo countries divided by a common language.-George Bernard Shaw,20th century writerD It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.-Dave Sperling,founder of Daves ESL Cafe第2页/共65页3Introduction-2.Discussion(5m)Read the quotations and answer the questions1.Wha
3、t is the topic of the quotations（引文）?2.Which is the most optimistic?3.Which is the most pessimistic?4.Which(if any)do you think are funny?5 Which is good news for students of English?6.Can you guess which quotations are from British people?Keys1.1.The difference between British and American English2
4、.2.D3.3.B4.4.(open)5.5.D6.6.Henry Sweet第3页/共65页4Exercise 2.Find the information and fill up the form.British EnglishBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishAmerican EnglishVocabularyVocabulary(including(including words and words and expressions)expressions)taxitaximotorwaymotorwaysubwaysubwaygasgasqueue upqu
5、eue upSpellingSpellingcentrecentreprogramprogram Grammar GrammarHave you got?Have you got?on the weekendon the weekendcabfreewayundergroundpetrolstand in linecenterprogrammeDo you have?at the weekend第4页/共65页5英式英语美式英语中文centrecenter中心colourcolor颜色labourlabor劳工organiseorganize组织realise realize发现theatre
6、theater剧院第5页/共65页6英式英语英式英语美式英语美式英语中文中文autumnfall秋天秋天bangers and mashsausage and potato香肠和马铃香肠和马铃薯薯biscuitcookie饼干饼干brollieumbrella雨伞雨伞carautomobile汽车汽车care-takerjanitor管理员管理员car parkparking lot停车场停车场chipsfrench fries薯条薯条crispspotato chips洋芋片洋芋片第6页/共65页7英式英语英式英语美式英语美式英语中文中文flatapartment公寓公寓Full stopp
7、eriod句点句点jumpersweater运动衫运动衫liftelevator电梯电梯lorrytruck卡车；大货卡车；大货车车motorwayfreeway高速公路高速公路on your Toddon you own你自己的方你自己的方式式pavementsidewalk行人道行人道petrolgasoline(gas)汽油汽油rubbereraser橡皮擦橡皮擦shopstore商店商店sweetscandy糖果糖果trainerssneakers运动鞋运动鞋trouserspants长裤长裤underground/tubesubway地铁地铁wellingtonsrubber boo
8、ts长统靴长统靴child(ren)child(ren)kid(s)kid(s)小孩小孩mobile phonecell phone手机手机footballsoccer 英式足球英式足球American footballfootball/rugby美式橄榄球美式橄榄球boot(of a car)trunk(of a car)汽车尾部行汽车尾部行李箱李箱holidayvacation假日假日whiskey scotch 苏格兰威士苏格兰威士忌酒忌酒第7页/共65页8英式英语英式英语美式英语美式英语中文中文rubbereraser橡皮擦橡皮擦shopstore商店商店sweetscandy糖果糖果
9、tapfaucet水龙头水龙头trainerssneakers运动鞋运动鞋trouserspants长裤长裤underground/tubesubway地铁地铁wellingtonsrubber boots长统靴长统靴zebra crossingpedestrian crossing行人穿越道行人穿越道child(ren)child(ren)kid(s)kid(s)小孩小孩mobile phonecell phone手机手机footballsoccer 英式足球英式足球American footballfootball/rugby美式橄榄球美式橄榄球boot(of a car)trunk(of
10、 a car)汽车尾部行汽车尾部行李箱李箱holidayvacation假日假日whiskey scotch 苏格兰威士苏格兰威士忌酒忌酒第8页/共65页9 Read para.1-4 and find four ways in which British and American English are different.(find 4 key words)1.1.VocabularyVocabulary2.2.GrammarGrammar3.3.SpellingSpelling4.4.pronunciationpronunciationskimming第9页/共65页101)Therer
11、e a lot of differences in grammar between British and American English.2)Spelling is the first and most obvious difference between the two Englishes.3)British people say”write me”and”on the team”.4)American spelling is simpler than British spelling.5)Television and Internet have made it easier for t
12、he British and Americans to understand each other.6)In the future,therell be only one kind of English.第10页/共65页11探究新知1 1 我们在各个方面与美国差不多我们在各个方面与美国差不多,当然当然,语言除外语言除外.We have really everything in common with America nowadays,except of course,language.有许多相同之处 除了.之外 have everything/a lot/much in common Exc
13、ept 第11页/共65页121 in common with1 1我们彼此有很多共同之处。我们彼此有很多共同之处。2 2 和很多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐不喜欢流行音乐。和很多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐不喜欢流行音乐。We have a lot in common with each other.In common with many people,he prefers classical music to pop.第12页/共65页13 sb have a lot/much/everything in some/a little/nothing in in common 共用的共用的 in com
14、mon with sb.和和一样一样 Its commonly believed that 大家普遍认为大家普遍认为 Its knowledge among sb.that.众所周知众所周知 common sense/knowledge 常识 common disease常见病 common mistake 常犯的错误 common saying 俗话第13页/共65页14 common ordinary general mon 强调“常见的，不足为奇的”2.ordinary 强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”3.general 意为“普遍的，一般的，公众的4.usual 一贯如此的，习惯性的第14页
15、/共65页152 except 除了之外 except,besides,except for,except that,but except 除去之外（不再有），表示从整体中除去一部分，除去的是同一类事物，常与no,all,none,nothing,everything,anything等连用，一般不位于句首第15页/共65页16 besides 除以外（还有）。except for 除了（表示对句子主题 进行细节校正或附加说明，而且前后 提到的事物往往不同类）except that 除了以外，后接句子。对已说过的内容进一步作详细解释，而且前后提到的事物往往不同类第16页/共65页17 but
16、表示除了以外时 有时可与 except通用 需要特别注意的需要特别注意的butbut固定短语固定短语 have no choice but to do sth.have no choice but to do sth.have nothing to do but do sth.have nothing to do but do sth.只得做某事只得做某事 but for but for 如果不是如果不是 cant help but do sth.cant help but do sth.不得不做不得不做第17页/共65页18 3.divide&separate divide 指把整体分成部分
17、，常与into/between/among连用 e.g.Lets divide the cake into three.separate 把不同的人或物分开，常与 from连用 e.g.The teacher separated the boys from the girls.第18页/共65页19Make a difference 有影响或使不同 The sea air has made a difference to her health.It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.Make some difference to
18、sb/Sth.对某人/某物有作用影响这场雨对比赛没有多大影响The rain didnt make much difference to the game.Tell the difference.第19页/共65页204.accent&language accent 指一个人讲话的“口音”language 指一个民族、国家的“语言”第20页/共65页21第21页/共65页22Reading and Speaking-1.Warming-up(5m)Check the following statements.1People from Hong Kong can understand peopl
19、e from Beijing.2People from Shanghai sound the same as people from Xian.3Chinese characters can be understood by all speakers of Chinese.4American English is very different from British English.5People from Britain cant understand people from America.Discuss and the answers are open.第22页/共65页23Readi
20、ng and Speaking-2.Skimming(5m)Read the passage one by one and find the differences between British English and American English.第23页/共65页24First paragraphFirst paragraph British and American English are different _ many ways.The first way is in the _.There are hundreds of different words which are n
21、ot used _ the other side of the Atlantic,or _ _ used with a different meaning.invocabularyon Which are 第24页/共65页25 n.difference 差异，差别，分别 tell the difference 分辨，区分1.be different in 在方面不同 different from/to sb./sth.与某人/物不同的 the sameas 与相同 be similar to 类似于，与相似 different adj.不同的 be different from vi.dif
22、fer 不同，相异 differ from 与不同 differ in 在方面不同 differ with 与不一致第25页/共65页262.obvious adj.明白的，显然的 obvious 指极为明显的、大家都能够看见的事情，强调不需要说明或论证 clear 清楚的，明白的 既可以指事物清晰易见，也可以指人对事物清楚明白，强调不会引起误会第26页/共65页27 obvious adj.显然的;显而易见的There is no obvious solution.Be obvious to sb/sth.对某人来说很清楚It is obvious that 很显然的每个人都能看出他很失望.
23、很显然他在撒谎.It is obvious to all that he is very disappointed.It is obvious that he is lying.第27页/共65页283.prefer to do 更愿意/喜欢做 prefer+doing/to do sth.宁愿做某事 sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 to 喜欢不喜欢 doing to doing 宁愿做 而不愿做 to do rather than do 宁愿做而不愿做 第28页/共65页29 e.g.I prefer going by bus.我宁愿坐公共汽车去。I prefer horse-ri
24、ding to shooting.我喜爱骑马胜过射击。She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.她宁愿和我们一起去，而不愿留下。第29页/共65页30Second paragraphSometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning,which can be _.The chips _the British know and love are _ _ on the other side of the Atlantic.confusingwhichFrench fries第
25、30页/共65页314.while conj.然而 (=but)while+在期间（=when)虽然，尽管（=though)只要（=as long as)while 时间段when 时间点+时间段引导让步状语从句 时必须位于句首第31页/共65页32 e.g.Someone is singing while you are sleeping.当你谁叫的时候，有人在唱歌。There will be life while there is water and air.只要有水和空气，就会有生命。While he was bad,I would help him.尽管他很坏，我也要帮助他。第32页/
26、共65页335.queue up (for sth.)排队等候 美式英语 stand in line因为与字母“Q”同音，有时会见到 “Please Q-up!”的说法。第33页/共65页346.confusing 令人迷惑的 confusing（物）令人迷惑的 指物令人感到困惑的 confused (人）迷惑不解的 指人感到不知所措的，困惑的类似的：interesting interested.第34页/共65页35confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的(1)confuse vt.使困惑；使难于理解confuse A with/and B把A和B混淆be confused by st
27、h.被搞糊涂了(2)confused adj.感到困惑的，感到难懂的(3)confusion n困惑，混乱，混淆 in confusion困惑地；困窘地第35页/共65页367.for example 例如 for example 一般例举一个例子，位置较灵活，前后常用逗号隔开 such as 可以举一个或多个例子，其后一般为名词，为不完全举例，放在列举事物前 namely/that is 用于完全举例 I teach two classes,namely/that is class four and five.第36页/共65页37The first two paragraphs:the d
28、ifferences in vocabularyBritish EnglishAmerican Englishcarsfreewaygasundergroundtaxitorchstand in linechipsautomobilesmotorwaypetrolsubwaycabflashlightqueue upFrench fries第37页/共65页38The third paragraphThe third para:the differences in grammarBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishHave you got?My friend just
29、 arrived.in the team/at the weekendwrite me soon!Do you have?My friend has just arrivedon the team/weekendWrite to me soon!第38页/共65页398.omit vt.删去，略去，排除 omit to do sth.忘记做某事，故意不做某事 omit doing sth.忽略做某事，故意不做某事 omit sth.删去/遗漏某物 omit from 从中删去第39页/共65页40 Comparison n.Compare.With 和.相比 Compare to 把比作Bey
30、ond/without compare 无与伦比Compared to/with.与相比(通常作状语)Compare notes 交流意见n ncompare compare vtvt.&.&vi vi.比较，对比；比较，对比；n n把把喻为；匹敌喻为；匹敌第40页/共65页41Compare this car with that one and you will find the differences between them.把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比，你就会发现他们之间的区别。My works dont compare with yours.我的作品不能和你的相比。We often co
31、mpare children to flowers of our country.我们常常把孩子比做祖国的花朵。Teachers are often compared to gardeners while Teachers are often compared to gardeners while students flowers.students flowers.人们常把老师比做园丁，而将学生比做花朵。人们常把老师比做园丁，而将学生比做花朵。Compared to/with most womenCompared to/with most women，she was indeed she wa
32、s indeed very fortunate.very fortunate.与大多数妇女相比，她确实是很幸运。与大多数妇女相比，她确实是很幸运。第41页/共65页42The forth paragraphThe 4th paragraph:the differences in spelling and pronunciationBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishspellingPronuncia-tion/centre,colour programmecenter,color program第42页/共65页43 seem look appear以客观为依据以视觉
33、印象为依据多用于强调与 事实不相符It looks as iflook+adj./prep.It appears thatappear to do/adj.9.seem vi.好像，似乎 It seems that/as if seem to do/adj./prep.第43页/共65页44 e.g.It seems that you will win.He looked as if he was ill,because his face was red.Your mother is sixty years old,but she appears a lot younger.第44页/共65页
34、4510.instead of 代替 同义短语：take the place of take ones place in place of instead of+n./pron./gerund(动名词)adj.常用于句末，有时也用于句首 I have no drink.Would you like water instead?第45页/共65页4611.as many+n.U+as 和一样多的 as many/much as as long as as far as as+adj.+a(n)+n.(sing)+as 多达多达.长达长达 ，只要，只要 远达，就远达，就而论而论 和和一样一样 Te
35、aching is as much an art as science.第46页/共65页47 1.British English and American English are different _many ways.A.on B.by C.from D.in Can you think of a situation in which the two _ from each other.A.differs B.differ C.different D.difference 12.differ vi.差异第47页/共65页48 1 v.1 v.谈论，评论谈论，评论 2 n.2 n.评论，评
36、述评论，评述“I thought it was odd”,he remarked.make a few remarks about sb.on a subject.“我觉得很怪”，他说。讲几句有关某人/某话题的话13.第48页/共65页49The last paragraph Some experts _ that the two _ are moving closer together.This non-stop communi -cation has also _ lots of American words _ into British English.One of the best-k
37、nown faces,Monita Rajpal,was born in Hong Kong,and grew _ _ Chinese and Punjabi,as _ as English.believevarietiesled topassingUp speaking well第49页/共65页5014.more than =over 超过，多于，后接数词、名词、动名词或句子=very 很，非常，后接形容词或副词not more than 不超过I have no more than 10 dollars.no more than 仅仅no morethan 与同样不morethan 与其
38、说不如说He is more a farmer than a scientist.第50页/共65页5115.suggest 15.suggest 建议+doing+that从句，用虚拟（should）+do暗示，表明 +that从句，用陈述语气I suggested that you should study hard.His pale face suggested that he was ill.第51页/共65页5216.find 发现 find+宾语 do doing done 强调整个过程 强调正在进行 强调跟宾语之间的 被动关系I found a boy crying in tha
39、t room.I found a thief caught by a policeman.第52页/共65页53nRead the titles and the first sentences of each paragraph and find four ways in which British and American English are different.VocabularyGrammarSpellingpronunciation第53页/共65页54because,as,for,since,now that 表原因时的区别第54页/共65页55because,as,for,si
40、nce 表示“原因”时的区别 because,as,for,since这几个词都是表示“原因”的连词，语气由强至弱依次为：becausesinceasfor其中because,since,as均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而for 是并列连词，引导并列句。第55页/共65页561.because 表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是 听话人所不知道的，其语气最强。用 来回答why的提问，一般放于主句之 后，也可以单独存在。第56页/共65页57例如：(1)I stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨我呆在家里。(2)Because Lingling was il
41、l,she didnt come to school.玲玲因病，没有上学。(3)Why is she absent?她为什么缺席？Because she is sick.因为她病了。此外，在强调句型中，只能用because.例如：(4)It was because I missed the early bus that I was late for school.我上学迟到是因为我没有赶上早班汽车。第57页/共65页582.since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为”、“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。例如：第58页/共65页
42、59(1)Since he asks you,youll tell him why.他既然问你，那就告诉他为什么吧。(2)Since everyone is here,lets start.既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧！(3)Since I understood very little Japanese,I couldnt follow the conversation.我日语懂得不多，因而听不懂对话。第59页/共65页603.as是常用词，它表示的“原因”是双方 已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者 理由不是很重要，含义与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，比较 口语化，常译为“由
43、于，鉴于”。第60页/共65页61(1)We all like her as she is kind.我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。(2)As I had a cold,I was absent from school.因为我感冒了，所以没去上课。(3)As XiaoWang was not ready,we went without him.由于小王没有准备好，我们只好不带他去了。第61页/共65页624.for表示原因，是并列连词。它所表 示的原因用来做附加的说明，为前面 的事实提供一种推断的理由且for不 可置于句首。The days are short,for it is now December.白天短了，因为现在已是十二月份。第62页/共65页635.now that 意为“既然”,与since同义，但更突出事实本身。that可以省略。Now that I am well again,I can go on with my work.Now that you have come,you may as well stay.第63页/共65页64第64页/共65页65谢谢您的观看！第65页/共65页