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1、ade a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card !Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is
2、working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroa
3、d before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Lesson 5 No wrong numbers 无错号之虞 Mr James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twe
4、lve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private te
5、lephone service.Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西巴顿斯I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then h
6、e put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.Lesson 7 Too late 为时太晚 The plane was late and detectives were wa
7、iting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were
8、waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!Lesson 8 The best and the worst 最好的和最差的Joe Sande
9、rs has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joes garden is more interesting. He has made neat
10、paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!Lesson 9 A cold welcome 冷遇On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the l
11、ast day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone
12、 shouted, Its two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped! I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.Lesson 10 Not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord(翼琴). It was mad
13、e in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broke
14、n. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来I was having dinner at a restaurant when Harry Steele came in. Harry worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He get
15、s a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me &2. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. I have never borrowed any mone
16、y from you, Harry said, so now you can pay for my dinner!Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风Our ncighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. He will be in his small boat, Topsail.Tapsail is a famous little boat. It
17、has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out at eight oclock so we shall have plenty of time. We shall see his boat and then we shall say good-bye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.Le
18、sson 13 The Greenwood Boys 绿林少年The Greenwood Boys are a group of popular singers. At present, they are visiting all parts of the country. They will be arriving here tomorrow. They will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. Tomorrow evening th
19、ey will be singing at the Workers Club. The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days. During this time, they will give five performances. As usual, the police will have a difficult time. They will be trying to keep order. It is always the same on these occasions.Lesson 14 Do you speak English? 你
20、会讲英语吗？I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the
21、 same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, Do you speak English? As I soon learnt, he was English himself!Lesson 15 Good news 佳音 The secretary told me t
22、hat Mr. Harmsworth would see me. I felt very nervous when. I went into his office. He did not look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people had already left. I knew t
23、hat my turn had come. Mr. Harmsworth, I said in a weak voice. Dont interrupt, he Said. Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra &100 a year!Lesson 16 A polite request 彬彬有礼的要求If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets y
24、ou go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This no
25、te is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!Lesson 17 Always young 青年常驻My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play
26、 soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, My dear, it must be
27、 terrible to be grown up!lesson18 He often does this! 他经常干这种事！After I had had lunch at a village inn, I looked for my bag. I had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! As I was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. Did you have a good meal ? he asked. Yes, thank you, I answere
28、d, but I cant pay the bill. I havent got my bag. The inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. Im very sorry, he said My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this.Lesson19 Sold out 票已售完The play may begin at any moment, I s
29、aid. It may have begun already, Susan answered.I hurried to the ticket-office. May I have two tickets please ? I asked.Im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.What a pity! Susan exclaimed.Just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.Can I return these two tickets? he asked.Certainly, the girl said.C
30、ould I have those two tickets please ? I asked.Certainly, the girl said, but they are for next Wednesdays performance.I might as well have them, I said sadly.Lesson20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. So
31、me fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything-not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. You must give up fishing! my friends say. Its a waste of time. Bu
32、t they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !Lesson21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了？Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was bui
33、lt during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been o
34、ffered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.Lesson22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Chan
35、nel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the p
36、ost-office. Letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. Lesson23 A new house 新居I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a be
37、autiful new house in the country. Work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It
38、must be the only modern house in the district.Lesson24 It could be worse 不幸中之万幸I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost &50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losi
39、ng money these days, he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained &5o. I found this outside this gentlemans room she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in t
40、his world !lesson25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗四川省内江碳纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片申报单位：地 址：邮政编码：联系人：电 话：传 真：主持部门：申报日期：年月日四川省内江炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片 项目可行性分析报告目 录第一章 总论第（5）页一、项目提要二、可行性研究报告编制依据三、综合评价和论证结论第二章 项目背景及必要性一、项目建设背景二、项目的经营现状三、项目建设的必要性及目的意义第三章 建设条件 一、地理位置及区域范围 二、自然条件三、项目区的社会经济条件四、项目实施的有利条件 1、基础设施 2、政策环境 3
41、、资源优势 4、市场优势第四章 建设单位的基本情况一、建设单位概况1、项目单位2、项目单位性质3、项目单位现有人员构成二、研发能力1、技术来源与合作方式2、技术产品类型及领域3、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术成果状况4、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术5、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片深加工技术6、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术主要指标第五章 市场分析与销售方案一、市场分析二、产品生产及销售方案（一）初加工（二）加工三、销售队伍和销售网络建设第六章 项目建设方案一、项目规划和布局二、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片的工艺流程三、项目具体建设内容和规模1、土建工程2、设备引进4、技术引进和技术中试5、其他（一）600万件汽车碳纤维刹车衬片生产车间
42、建设方案（二）生产流水线建设实施方案（三）原材料供应配送基地建设方案四、工程实施进度表第七章 投资估算和资金筹措一、投资估算表说明二、项目建设投资估算1、项目投资总额2、项目投资估算表3、资金来源与筹措三、资金使用计划第八章 财务评价一、基本参数二、财务分析第九章 环境影响评价第十章 汽车碳纤维刹车衬片产业化经营与配套和效益评价一、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片产业化经营二、配套增收三、其他社会影响第十一章 项目组织与管理一、组织机构1、机构职责2、劳动定员二、项目经营管理模式三、技术培训第十二章 可行性研究结论和建议一、可行性研究结论二、建议第一章 总 论一、项目提要1、项目名称：四川省内江炭纤维增强无
43、石棉汽车制动衬片项目。2、建设性质：新建3、项目建设单位：内江市前力汽配科技有限公司法人代表：杨友春 所有制形式：股份制企业4、建设地点：内江经济开发区城西工业园内建设规模：600万件汽车碳纤维刹车衬片建设，10万台永磁电机生产。 建设期限：2008年至2010年5、项目申报单位：内江前力汽车科技有限公司项目负责人：杨友春 职务：法人代表项目技术经济负责人：王亮、胡建华 职务：高级工程师6、投资规模：50000万元7、资金构成：建筑工程 万元，设备及安装 万元，炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片技术引进 万元，技术引进800万元，其他 万元。8、资金筹措：自筹资金 2000万元，贷款58000万元。
44、9、项目辐射范围及带动能力：碳纤维刹车衬片主要辐射150平方公里，面向西南市场和成渝汽车制造企业以及维修市场。二、可行性研究报告编制依据1、四川省“7+3”产业发展规划。2、1996年国家科委星火计划国科发计字（1996）049号。3、内江市承接产业转移优惠办法、关于加快工业发展的若干意见。4、内江市汽车及零部件产业发展规划三、综合评价和论证结论（一）、汽车制动材料的概要、意义以及发展历程在汽车工业中制动衬片属于关键材料之一，它的优劣不仅影响行驶性能，而且关系着司乘人员的生命安全。因此汽车发明以来，用更安全、更舒适、更优异的制动材料取代前一代产品一直是该领域的主要研究开发课题之一。六十年代之前
45、，汽车制动衬片以石棉为主，在石棉致癌充分证实之后，许多发达国家纷纷立法限制石棉在摩擦材料领域的应用。与此同时随着汽车速度的提高，制动时产生的热量相应增加，当摩擦表面超过100时石棉开始分解，其结构发生变化，导致磨擦性能发生根本变化。因此世界各国开展了无石棉制动材料的研究。到七十年代中期，美国本迪斯公司率先推出由钢纤维完全取代石棉纤维的制动衬片产品，这种无石棉制品中的金属含量达50%左右，故称之为半金属材料。尽管半金属制动衬片的性能优于石棉制动衬片，但仍不能满足日益发展的汽车工业提出的苛刻条件。八十年代初期，国际上出现了各种混杂纤维增强的无石棉制动衬片，其目的是为了弥补钢纤维单一增强半金属制动材
46、料的缺陷，所采用的纤维有植物纤维、芳纶纤维、玻璃纤维、铜纤维、陶瓷纤维、矿物质纤维等。由于多元纤维的应用，制动衬片中纤维在性能上互补，易于设计出综合性能优异的制动衬片配方。随着汽车工业的迅速发展，汽车行驶速度的提高，对制动摩擦材料的要求也越来越苛刻，目前国内汽车制动衬片主要采用的是石棉或半金属材料，其耐热性差，汽车制动时易产生热分解，热衰退和热龟裂等物理现象，从而导致刹车失灵，经常造成交通恶性事故的发生。因此国家每年要付出近5亿美元的外汇，大量进口刹车制动产品，为国产汽车配套。为尽快地解决上述问题并寻求非石棉高性能材料的制动衬片，已成为我国乃至国际上共同攻克的重大项目。炭纤维制动衬片项目经过多
47、年的努力在北京制动密封材料厂，晋城市摩擦材料总厂，杭州汽车摩擦材料研究所等单位的大力协助下，于1994年十一月由山西省科学技术委员会首次对该项目，组织了科学技术成果鉴定。鉴定会上与会专家们对该产品给予了很高的评价。鉴定结论认为，采用炭纤维材料生产增强无石棉汽车制动衬片，为国内首创，其性能均已达到国内领先水平，并与国际水平接轨。1996年该项目已列入国家星火计划项目，目前又经多次配方调整和工艺参数修改，制品按照德国大众公司制定的PV3212盘式制动衬片摩擦系数试验，台架摩擦系数和摩损试验方法，性能已完全达到以德国大众公司为代表的国际先进水平。该产品现已具备上批量，上规模的条件，此产品可替代进口，
48、出口创汇，为国内汽车行业配套，已成当务之急。半金属磨擦材料存在以下缺点：1钢纤维容易生锈，锈蚀后或者粘着对偶或者损伤对偶，强度降低，磨损加大。2半金属磨擦材料热传导率过高，当磨擦温度高于100时，磨擦热迅速传到制动的液压机构，导致液压“O”型密封圈软化和制动液发生气阻而造成制动失灵，容易产生噪音以及低速制动的共振现象。上述缺陷是由材料本身所决定的，因此利用第三代产品多元混杂纤维增强的汽车制动衬片取代半金属制动衬片是必然趋势。3我们研制的炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片正是在“多元纤维增强性能互补”指导的原则下进行开发研制成功的第三代制动衬片。炭纤维本身是一种综合性能特别优异的纤维材料，可广泛应用于各高新技术领域。采用炭纤维与其它纤维材料共同增强的制动衬片，综合性能尤为突出，与半金属材料相比