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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - Unit 7 The adventures of Tom Sawyer 1Date:_ name:_ 【学问要点】 必记单词adventure n.【】novel n.【】congratulations n.pl. 【】writer n.【】humorous adj.【task n.【】board n.【】survey v.【】progress n.【rest n.【】pity n.【】silence n.【】while n.【】careful adj.【】deal n.【】celebrated adj.【】lazy adj.【】prete
2、nd v.【 常考短语1. have a rest 2. think of 3. come along 4. go on doing 5. what a pity 6. in silence 7. after a while 8. turn over 9. trick sb. into doing sth. 学问点讲解1. Who is the writer of the novel. writer 可数名词,意为“ 作家,作者”,由动词 write 在词尾加 -r 构成；【拓展】部分动词的后面可以加-er 或-or 构成名词,该名词表示执行该动作的人；report报道 reporter记者
3、swim 游泳 swimmer 游泳者 invent 创造 inventor 创造家 sing唱歌 singer歌手,唱歌家 drive 驾驶 driver 驾驶员,司机 visit 参观,拜访 visitor 参观者 2. On Saturday morning, every boy in the town was happy, except Tom Sawyer. except 在此处用作介词,意为：除.之外,表示同类事物之间的关系,不能放在句首；其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语和动词不定式；We have classes every day except Sunday. _精品资料_
4、- - - - - - -第 1 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 辨析： except, besides, but 与 except for except 除去 .,除.之外强调从整体中除去部分,except 后面的部分不包括在整体内；besides 除.之外仍有强调除去一部分仍有另外一部分,besides 后的部分包括在整体内；多与 no one, nobody, all, who 等连用,其余情形下but 除了可与 except 互换；except for 除去 .之外表示对一个人或者事物先进行一个整体评判,再就局部或细节提出看法或修正；I know
5、nothing about the young lady except that she is from Beijing. There are three more visitors besides me. All but him have gone to Japan. His article is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 3. He painted one board and surveyed his progress, and then he sat down to have a rest. 1 survey 及物动词,意
6、为：查看,注视 The engineers surveyed the coast. 工程人员查看了海岸；She turned to survey her daughters pale face. 她转过头注视女儿惨白的脸；【拓展】 survey 作动词,仍可意为：调查；作名词,意为：调查,测量 Business Development Advisers surveyed 211 companies for the report. v. Please make a survey about your favorite festival and fill out the form. n. 2 pr
7、ogress 不行数名词,意为：进展,常用短语如下：make progress 取得进展 make great progress 取得很大进步After some period of practice, you will make great progress. 3 rest 名词,意为：休息 have/take a rest 休息一下 the rest of 剩余的 .,【拓展】 rest 作名词,仍意为：剩余部分,余下的人或物作主语时谓语动词应与of 后的名词保持一样；The rest of the apples have gone bad. 剩余的那些苹果坏了；The rest of t
8、he apple has gone bad. 那个苹果的剩余部分坏了；rest 也可作动词,意为：休息,休息 The workers stopped to have a rest. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - We rested for an hour after lunch. 4. Tom began to think of the games that he wanted to play. think of 意为：想象到,想出,考虑；后面接名词、代词或动名词；Can you think of any
9、other way to do it. Were thinking of moving house.【拓展】 think of 仍可意为：认为 What do you think of the film. = How do you like the film. 由 think 构成的其他短语：think about 考虑 think over 认真考虑 5. He knew the boys who were free would soon come along and make fun of him. come along 意为：显现,来到 Do you want to come along
10、. Take any job opportunity that comes along. 6. He picked up his brush and went back to work. pick up 意为：捡起,捡起 He picked up his cap from the floor. There is a book on the floor. Please pick it up. 【拓展】 pick up 仍有 “（用车）接（人或物） ；（车辆）中途搭（人）” 之意；The car stopped and picked me up. 车停了,我上了车；I ll come to pic
11、k you up. 我会开车来接你的；7. What a pity. 这是一个感叹句,其结构为 : what+a/an+可数名词单数；pity 名词,意为：惋惜,遗憾 It is a great pity that all students in the city cannot have the same chances. 【拓展】pity 仍可做不行数名词,意为：怜悯,怜悯心take pity on sb. 怜悯某人Im hoping some kind people will take pity on me. I felt pity for the poor old man. 8. Doe
12、s a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every day. chance 此处用作名词：机会,可能性,常用短语： take a chance 冒险,碰运气 have/get a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 Dont take a chance to cheat in the exam. I finally got a chance to stand at the front of fashion. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - -
13、9. Then he went on painting. go on doing sth. 不停地做某事,连续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事（做另一件事,前后做的不是同一件事）go on with sth. 连续做某事（前后做同一件事,但中间有暂停情形）The students went on talking and laughing all the way . Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. He took a cup of tea, and went on wi
14、th the story. 10. Ben watched Tom in silence. in silence 意为：缄默地,无声地The students are waiting for their teacher in silence. 11. After a while , he said, “Tom, will you let me do some painting.”1while 在此处用作名词,意为：一会儿,一段时间Let s have a rest for a while. 2do some painting 粉刷,刷油漆该短语中 v-ing 为动名词,这是一个常见的固定结构；
15、表示做某事需要一段时间或反复进行的动作；类似的短语仍有：do some cleaning 做清洁工作 do some cooking 做饭菜do some washing 洗衣服 do some shopping 购物12. Aunt Polly warned me to do it well. warn 动词,意为：警告,提示 warn sb. of /about sth. 警告某人某事warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人（别）做某事 They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone. He warned me not to
16、tell others his secrets. 13. I ll give you half my apple. half 此处用作形容词,意为：一半的；一般放在冠词、物主代词或指示代词之前；Half the workers come from Shandong. 【拓展】 half 仍可做名词,意为：一半,其复数形式为 halves；The journey takes an hour and a half. half of. 意为：半数的 ,此结构作主语时,谓语动词的形式应和介词 of 后 的宾语在数上保持一样；Half of the students are from China. _精
17、品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - Half of his life is spent making inventions. 14. Without making a noise or sound. without 介词 ,意为：无,没有；后接名词,代词或动名词；Fish cant live without water.He left without saying a word. 15. trick other boys into doing the work for him. trick 此处用作动词,意为：诱使,
18、哄骗 trick sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事 They tricked me into making a great mistake. 他们骗我犯了一个大错；【拓展】 trick 作名词,意为：阴谋,花招play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人He got into the castle by a trick. 他耍了个花招混进了城堡；【实战演练】.英汉互译；1. 休息一下 2. 想象到3. 显现 4. 过了一会儿5. 取笑 6. in silence 7. what a pity 8. pick up 9. go on doing sth. 10. tri
19、ck sb. into doing sth. .挑选可以替换划线部分的正确选项1. He always sleeps in class, so his classmates often make fun of him. A. punish B. cheat C. help D. laugh at 2. When Jason was painting the wall, some boys came along and wanted to join him. A. appeared B. came C. arrived D. noticed 3. After supper, Bob contin
20、ued working. A. stopped B. kept on C. went on D. finished 4. During the lecture, the classs sat quietly and listened carefully. A. comfortably B. calmly C. tiredly D. in silence 5. Doed a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every day. A. possibility B. opportunity C. luck D. time 6. Have you
21、 read the book called The Adventures of TomSawyer yet. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A. said B. named C. talked 7. All the boys had fun playing soccer except Jack. A. with B. including C. not including 8. If it goes on raining, the houses will be drowned. A. stops B. sta
22、rts C. continues 9. After the hard working, Tom gained great success in his study. A. got B. paid C. passed 10. Who is the author of this novel. A. owner B. writer C. reader .依据句意及首字母提示填词；1. The playground is over 120 y long. . . 2. The wall gained two c of painting at last. 3. We have worked for ho
23、urs. What about having a r 4. You should read as many English books as p 5. The w of the story is Mark Twain. .用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空；1. He was getting more and more interest in the subject. 2. Children must warn to stay away from main roads. 3. Let him have a rest. I think he must be tired after the long
24、walk. 4. Can you show me the right way out the problem. 5. Without say a word, he left here angrily. 6. All the kids enjoyed they at the party. 7. The Children s Palace opened many lessons of paint in the summer holiday. 8. My teacher s encourage words gave me much help when I was in trouble at that
25、 time. 9. Have you read any books write by Mark Twain. 10. The man was set free at last. .单项挑选_精品资料_ 1. Because of Project Hope, children get better education. D. Thousands of 第 6 页,共 28 页A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2. I found very difficult a car.
26、 A. it;drive B. this; to drive C. this; driving D. it; to drive s.3. We all went swimming Tom because he was ill at home. A. with B. besides C. except D. beside 4. A group of volunteers go to the Green Lake Park to litter every month. A. stay up B. put up C. show up D. pick up 5. Yesterday morning T
27、om hurried to class his schoolbag,so he had to share MaryA. without B. for C. with D. past 6. Smoking is bad for your health.Youd betterA. give up it B. give it up C. take out it D.take it out 7. -Ben looks so bad. -He in the school his haircut. A. was made fun of; because B. was made fun of; becaus
28、e of C. made fun of; because D. made fun of; because of 8. I him to work hard and to try for the exam. He looked confident again. A. encouraged B. made C. let D. forced 9. The robber hit and Mr Zhang and took away his wallet. A. knocked up B. knocked out C. knocked at D. knocked on 10. Tim gets A gr
29、ade in every exam and he to be the cleverest in our class. A. is considered B. is considering C. condiers D. considered .语法填空We are al busy talking about and _1_ use the Internet, but how many of us _2_ know the history of the Internet. Many people are _3_ surprise when they find that the Internet w
30、as not set up in the 1960s. At the time, computers were large _4_ expensive. Computer networks didn work well. If one computer in the network broke _5_, then the whole network stopped.So a new network system had to be set up. It should be go od enough to be used by any different computers. If part o
31、f the network was working, information could be sent _6_ another part. In this way the computer networks systemwould keep on _7_ _ work all the time. The Internet was only used by the governmentin the 1960s, but in the early 1970s, universiti es, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it too. Howev
32、er, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. _8_ the start of 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - also developed software that made “surfing the Internet more _9_ adj. 便利的 Today
33、 it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. _10_e-mail is more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people life. Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 2Date:_ name:_ 【语法专项】定语从句一、概念：1. 定语：用来修饰名词或
34、代词的词a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 2. 假如定语是句子,便称为定语从句；I know the girl. The girl is dancing. 两个简洁句 I know the girl who is dancing. （定语从句）被修饰的词是 _；这个词就称为先行词；其中连接两个句子的是 _, 称为关系词；关系词在从句中指代先行词,并在从句中充当肯定的成分,观看上句,关系词在从句中充当 _；二、详细用法：1. 由 who, that 和 which 引导的关系从句,其前面
35、肯定有一个表示人或物的名词或代词；这个被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词；当先行词指人时,由 当先行词指物时,由 which 或 that 引导；I don t know the boy who is playing football. The film which we saw last night was wonderful. Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 2. that 引导的关系从句,其先行词可以表示人,也可以表示物；who 或 that 引导；The coat that I put on the desk is blue. （that
36、 指物, =which ）The boy that visited our school yesterday is from England. （ that 指人, =who ）3. who, that 和 which 在关系从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语；作主语时关系代词_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 不行以省略；作宾语时,that 和 which 可以省略；The man who lives next to us is a policeman. （who 作主语,不能省）He is the man th
37、at I visited last week. （that 作宾语,可以省）三、定语从句中只能用 that 的情形：1. 先行词为 all, much, nothing, none, something, everything 等不定代词时；Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ？2. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时；He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人；This is the most interesting story that he told
38、. 3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few, any, no 等词修饰时；This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车；4. 先行词里同时含有人或物时；I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清晰记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片；四、定语从句中不宜用 that 的情形：1. 关系代词前有介词时；This is the room in which my f
39、ather lived. 这是我父亲住过的房间；2. 非限制性定语从句中；He has a son,who works in a hospital. 3. 先行词本身是 that 或 those 时；他有一个儿子,在一家医院工作；The clock is that which tells us the time. 钟表是告知我们时间的；【语法专练】一、用关系代词 who/which/that 填空；1、This is the professor taught me Chemistry in 1980 . 2、The hospital was built five years ago has b
40、een modernized. 3、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 4、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting. 5、He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited. 6、He is the person _ helped me. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 28 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 7、That s the com
41、puter _ broke down.8、Were not the students _ won the bad-Minton match. 9、They re the socks _ are on sale this week.10、This is the train _ goes to Shenzhen. 11、This is the second article _ I have written in English. 12、It is the best film _he has ever seen. 13、This is the very book _ I want to read.
42、14、All _ they told me surprised me. 15、The weather turned out to be very good, _is more than we could expected. 二、单项挑选_精品资料_ 1. The man_you saw in the street is Tommy. 第 10 页,共 28 页 A. which B. whose C. that D. as 2. Is this the museum _ a lot of students visited yesterday. A. who B. which C. the on
43、e D. whom 3. The boy _ has an interesting story book. A. who sit next to you B. which sits next to you C. whom sits next to you D. that lives next to you 4. Dont go in, this is the shop _ we have just been to. A. who B. that C. where D. when 5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who 6. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 7. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 8. George Ma