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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题五：形容词与副词形容词、副词是特别重要的词,是高考必考内容；20XX年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲 附录语法项目表中对形容词和副词考查都列了两项：形容词（比较级和最高级）副词（比较级和最高级）；纵观历年高考试题,试题中显现的考点主要有：形容词和副词的语义辨析,形容词与副词的相互转换,形容词和副词的等级；20XX 年高考全国卷第 69 题（语法填空）考查了形容词 regular 变成副词 regularly ；第 76 题（短文改错）考查了副词 seriously 变成形容词 serious；此外
2、,完形填空中第 44、第48、第 50、第 53、第 57 和第 60 题都是考查形容词或副词在详细语境中的词义；20XX 年高考全国卷第 63 题（语法填空）考查了形容词 official 变为副词 officially ；第 75 题考查了形容词 honest 变为名词 honesty；此外,完型填空第 52 题仍考查了 quiet 、still 、away 与 calm 的辨析；20XX 年高考全国卷第 66 题（语法填空）考查了形容词 bad 变成比较级 worse；第 69题（语法填空）考查了 care 变成形容词 careful；第 78 题（短文改错）考查了副词 late 变成l
3、ater；第 79 题（短文改错） 考查了副词 suddenly 改为形容词 sudden；此外, 完型填空第 54、第 58 和 60 题都是考查形容词或副词在详细语境中的词义；I.形容词、副词的等级一形容词 /副词的比较级和最高级构成1规章形容词级的构成规章如下表：名师归纳总结 单er 和 est型构成规章y 为原级比较级最高级第 1 页,共 8 页一般在词末加 -er 和-est tall taller tallest great greater greatest 以 e 结尾的只加 -r 和 -st hard harder hardest nice nicer nicest 音larg
4、e larger largest 节以辅音字母加y 结尾的,先变dry drier driest 词i,再加 -er,-est 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅big bigger biggest 音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,thin thinner thinnest 再加 -er,-est hot hotter hottest - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载happy happier happiest 双er 和 est型少数以 -y, -er, -ow, -ble, -ple 结尾的 双音节单词,方法同单音节词simple si
5、mpler simplest clever cleverer cleverest 音more 和 most其他的在前面加more,most 分别构narrow narrower narrowest 节careful more careful most careful 词useful more useful most useful 型成比较级和最高级quickly more quickly most quickly 多more 和 most在其前面加more 和 most difficult more difficult most difficult 音more 节型beautiful most
6、 beautiful beautiful 词2.不规章形容词的级的构成: best最高级原级比较级good/wellbetterbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfar farther further farthestfurthest old older elder oldest eldest 3.形容词、副词递减的比较等级的构成在形容词、副词前加less 和 least,表示 “ 较不 ” 和“最不 ” :interesting 好玩的 less interesting 较无趣的 least interesting 最无趣的im
7、portant 重要的less important 较不重要的least important 最不重要的polite politer 有些形容词可以加er 及 est或前面加上more / most 来形成比较级和最高级或 more polite politest 或 most polite ,这类词仍有 exact 等. quiet,handsome, pleasant,common,II .高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练形容词与副词考点规律分析：短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用 尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加 more、形容词与副词的混用 如修饰动
8、词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词 等,另外,用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词 如 in, down 等的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as as 结构、 how 与 what 的混用等也是常考的考点； 语法填空主要涉及形容词与副词之间以及形容词、副词与其他词类之间的互换,形容词与副词的比较等级等；形容词与副词单句改错之真题训练：1. After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. 2. However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly. 3. Last Sunday, police
9、 cars hurried to the taller building in New York. 4. As a result, people in the modern world generally past. live much more longer than people in the 5. People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
10、 - 学习必备 欢迎下载hundred years ago. 6. In some places you may borrow many books as you want. 7. I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. 8. Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. 9. First, let me tell you something more about myself. 10. I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spa
11、re time, but now I am interesting in football. 11.Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. 12. Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. 13. I think I liked those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. 14. After learning the basics of the
12、 subject, nothing else seemed very practically to me. 15.Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 16. She called 119 immediate. 17. For instance, one night he played strong and loudly music till four oclock in the morning. 18.But he is difference now. 19. The time passes quick.
13、20. although radios can be very noise.21. all planned and written by grown-ups to make chil dren want things that they dont real need. 22. But one of the best players in our team told me just then that he wouldnt play basketbamore. 23. But one of the best players in our team told me just now that he
14、 wouldnt play basketball onmore. 24.I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 25. Finding information on the net is easily. 26.Yes, a concert can be very excited. 27. Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby which is both interested and fun. 1. I形容词与副词单句改错之模拟训练：ll try to be
15、more carefully next time.2. China is much more bigger than the United States. 3.There are few boys than girls in our class. 4. He says that skiing is much exciting than skating. 5. The more money you make, the most you spend. 6. She found someone was following her, so she felt frightening. 7.It was
16、real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself. 8. In fact, we finished the work without any difficult. 9. Look at the asleep boy. How lovely. 10. The fish tastes well; why not have a try. 11.Last week was very rain. I didnt go out the whole week.12. The sun rises in the east and sets down in
17、the west. 13.I promise to return back before 10. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载s well worth reading.14. The book contains much use information. It15. This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop. 16. The workers warm welcomed us at their offices. 17.Oh
18、, its simply wonderfully to see you here.18.She is in more health now than she was last year. 形容词与副词单句改错之提升训练：A 级 1. The door was widely open. 2. Ill help you as more as I can. 3. He is as taller a fellow as his elder brother. 4. Mike didnt speak clear so we couldnt understand him. 5. John swims bet
19、ter than I, but he doesnt swim as good as my brother. 6. He works hardly. 7. He runs very fastly. 8. Harry worked good here yesterday. 9. He was deep moved by what she said. 10. A plane is flying highly in the sky. B 级 1. Dont make any changes till farther notice. 2. Its colder in Tianjin than in Be
20、ijing, though Tianjin is further to the south and nearer to the sea. 3. Ill try and be much careful in future. 4. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining hardly. 5. They had to dig deeply to find water. 6. I know the government thinks high of his invention. 7. He often comes to
21、work early and leaves off lately. 8. What he said sounded prettily interesting. 9. The Emperor opened his eyes widely but still saw nothing. 10. I firm believe you are right. 形容词与副词单句语法填空之真题训练：1.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of_great
22、and less importance. 2.They gave money to the old peoples home either _personalor through their companies. 3.The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .They were also the best and _bad years in my life. 4.At one time, I even felt my parents couldn _freelyfrom them. understa
23、nd me so I hoped I could be 5.By tracking people-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and _farthan disasters and sob stories. 6.It is not _surprise that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. 7.You can live a more
24、 _power life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. 名师归纳总结 8.At dinner, we said to Mom, “Happy MotherShe was grateful and _ move.第 4 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载9.The girl used to be shy, but is _gradualgetting active in group w
25、ork and is more willing to express herself. 10.Little Tom sat_amazewatching the monkey dancing in front of him. 11.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be_official given to me at a ceremony in London. 12.He hopes that his business will grow _steady. 13.Get an early start and t
26、ry to be as productive_possible before lunch. 14.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _gradualturned into chopsticks. 15._fortunate, Nataliefamily escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed. 16.They are _true good birds that are worth every effort we put into r
27、ecovering them. 17.Chinese scientists_recent had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. 18.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.Even chimp mothers_regulardecline to share food with their children. 19.It was _ considerof Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worr
28、ied. 20.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, _ special if you are travelling at high speed. 21.Andy is content with the toy.It is the _good he has ever got. 22.Listening is thus an active, not a _passively, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. 23.Even though
29、the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _punctually 学习札记 ：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _参考答案及解析形容词与副词单句改错之真题训练：1. frightening 改为 frightened ,因它表示某人感到可怕,而不是令人可怕2.helplessly 改为 helpless,在系动词felt 后作表语,要用形容词3.taller 改为 tallest,因从含义上看此处应是最高级名师归纳总结 4.去掉more,由于longer 本身
30、已是比较级,不能再受more 修饰第 5 页,共 8 页5.so long as 改为as long as,其意为 “ 与 一样长 ”6. many 之前加as,因 as . as 结构不完整- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载7.去掉 much,因 much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级,尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级8.wonderfully 改为 wonderful ,因它是放在名词前作定语9. 去掉 more,因从上下文看,这是第一次给对方写信,不存在谈谈“ 更多情形 ”的问题10. interesting 改为 intereste
31、d,be interested in 意为 “对 感爱好 ”11.important 改为 importance,teach 后可接名词或代词作宾语,但不接形容词作宾语12. Unfortunate 改为 Unfortunately ,因此处要求用副词作状语13.what 改为 how, how 在此表示方式14.practically 改为 practical,此处用形容词作表语15.去掉 often,因句中的 whenever 与 often 意义重复16.immediate 改为 immediately ,用作状语,要用副词17. loudly 改为loud,与 strong 并列作定语
32、,修饰music 18. difference 改为 different ,即用形容词作表语19.quick 改为 quickly ,副词 quickly 修饰动词 pass；20.noise 改为 noisy,即用形容词作表语21.real 改为 really ,修饰动词要用副词22.then 改为 now,just now 为习语,意为 “刚才 ”23. once 改为 any,not any more为习语,意为 “ 不再 ”24.quietly 改为 quiet, and连接并列成分 quite 和 shy 25.easily 改为 easy,作表语要用形容词26. excited 改
33、为 exciting ,表示某事物是 excited “ 令人兴奋的 ” 用 exciting ；表示某人 “感到兴奋 ”才用27. interested 改为 interesting,指某事物是 “令人好玩的 ” ,用 interesting ,表示某人 “对 感爱好 ”时,用 interested 形容词与副词单句改错之模拟训练：1. carefully 改为 careful,用形容词作表语；2. 去掉 more,more 不能修饰比较级；3. few 改为 fewer,留意句中的 than；4. 将 much 改为 more,或在 much 后加 more,此句涉及 skiing 与 s
34、kating 的比较；5. most 改为 more,the more the more 意为 “越 越 ” ；6. frightening 改为 frightened ,frightening 表示 “ 令人可怕的 ”、“ 恐惧的 ” ；frightened 表示 “ 感到可怕的 ”；7.real 改为 really ,修饰形容词用 really,不用 real；8. difficult 改为 difficulty ,用名词形式作介词 without 的宾语；9. asleep 改为 sleeping, asleep 为表语形容词,不用于名词前作定语；10. well 改为 good, ni
35、ce 等, taste 在此为连系动词,后接形容词作表语；11.rain 改为 rainy,此处用形容词作表语；12. 去掉 down,因 set 相当于 go down,本身就包括了 down；13. 去掉 back,或将 return 改为 come / be；因 return 相当于 come back 或 be back；14. use 改为 useful,用形容词作定语修饰名词；15. mostly 改为 most,most 在此用于构成最高级；16. warm 改为 warmly ,修饰动词要用副词,不用形容词；17. wonderfully 改为 wonderful ,用形容词作
36、表语；名师归纳总结 18. more 改为better,为 in good health 的比较级形式；第 6 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载形容词与副词单句改错之提升训练：A 级1.widely 改为 wide 2.more 改为 much 3.taller 改为 tall 4.clear 改为 clearly 5.good 改为 well 6.hardly 改为 hard 7.fastly 改为 fast 8.good 改为 well 9.deep 改为 deeply 10.highly 改为 high B 级1
37、.farther 改为 further 2.further 改为 farther 3.much 改为 more 4.hardly 改为 hard 或 heavily 5. deeply 改为 deep 6.high 改为 highly 7. Lately 改为 late 8.prettily 改为 pretty 9.widely 改为 wide 10.firm 改为 firmly 形容词与副词单句语法填空及改错之真题训练：1greater 考查形容词的比较级；依据后面的 and less可知,此处也要用比较级形式； 2personally 句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱,有的是从个人的名义,有
38、的就是通过他们的公司；修饰动词的应为 personally； 3worst worst 与前面的 best 并列,此处应用最高级； 4free 此处应用形容词作表语； 5farther 依据前面的 faster and 和后面的 than 可以看出此处需要比较级； 6surprising 此处考查句式：It is adj.that.句意：年轻人有可能爆发,这不令人惊讶,特殊是有缘由的时候；surprising 令人惊讶的； 7powerful 修饰后面的名词的应是形容词,powerful 强有力的； 8moving moved moving 多用来修饰事物,moved 用来指人感动的； 9gr
39、adually 句意：女孩一度很害羞,但是逐步地她在分组工作表现得积极主动,变得更情愿表达自己了；在句中作状语修饰动词短语 get active 要用副词形式；gradually 逐步地,逐步地； 10 amazed 考查形容词作状语；句意：小 Tom 坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面前跳舞,很吃惊；本句考查形容词作相伴状语,amazed 感到惊讶的,常修饰人；amazing 令人惊讶的,常修饰物； 11 officially 修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式； 12 steadily 修饰谓语动词用副词； 13 as 考查固定表达；早起,要和午饭之前一样高效率；固定表达 as.as possible 尽可
40、能 ； 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载14 gradually 考查副词；此处应用副词修饰动词； 15 Fortunately 修饰整个句子,应当用副词形式； 16 truly 此处用副词形式修饰后面的形容词 good； 17 recently 修饰动词应用副词形式； 18 regularly 修饰动词 decline 的应当是副词； 19considerate 句意：为了防止我们担忧,米切尔告知我们他耽搁了,他想得很周到；be动词后用形容词,considerate 爱护的；考虑周到的； 20
41、specially 句意：突然停下来是特别可怕的经受,特殊是假如你高速行驶；此处用especially 特殊,特殊 ” 强调程度；用副词修饰句子； 21 best 考查最高级和比较级；句意：Andy 对这个玩具很中意,这是他曾得到的最好的玩具；依据句意应用最高级； 22 passive 句意：听是一种积极的,而不是消极的行为,它涉及听、懂得和记忆；与前面的形容词 active 对应,也要用形容词形式,一起作名词 behavior 的定语； passive 被动的,消极的； 名师归纳总结 23punctual句意：尽管会议大厅距他的公寓很近,想准时赶到,他必需快一点；作系动第 8 页,共 8 页词 be 的表语要用形容词形式；punctual 准时的； - - - - - - -